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--- title: "OSM (Openstreetmap)開放街圖入門講座-服務學習" tags: 陽明交大, OpenStreetMa, 開源課程, 服務學習 description: View the slide with "Slide Mode". --- # <font color="orange" size="76">OSM (Openstreetmap)開放街圖入門講座</font> <!-- Put the link to this slide here so people can follow --> <font color="#000000">slide: [https://hackmd.io/@osm-tw/BJcrsmbt0](https://hackmd.io/@osm-tw/BJcrsmbt0)</font> <!-- .slide: data-background="https://i.imgur.com/zIpva9R.jpg" --> CC-BY-4.0 OpenStreetMap Taiwan Community 2025/05/15 台灣開放街圖社群 陳瑞霖 Note: Ta̍k-ke hó, Hello everyone, This is Dennis Raylin Chen from Taiwan, I want to talk about cleaning and managing dataset. My speech's title is "Linking OpenStreetmap and Wikidata: Case study of Taiwan's villages and rivers datasets" --- ## 我是誰? - [Supaplex](https://www.openstreetmap.org/user/Supaplex) - [OpenStreetMap](https://www.openstreetmap.org) :heart: [Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org) :heart: - [Wikimedia Taiwan](https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Taiwan/zh) :cat: --- ## 開放原始碼與開放內容 * 開放原始碼 - 可以自行架站 * 開放內容 - 可以放到想要的站 * 有了程式碼與資料,都可以自行找地方架設自己的站 --- ## 為什麼要關注 OpenStreetMap * 受維基百科啟發,維基式產生地理資料 * OpenStreetMap 是跨語言的地理資料庫 * 允許國際化語言,也有在地化語言 * 能索引其他資料庫的資料,例如:Wikidata * OpenStreetMap 有經緯度資訊,也能存放地理資料本身的結構化資料 --- ## OpenStreetMap * https://www.openstreetmap.org * 縮網址:osm.org * 華語:開放街圖 * Tâi-gír: khai-hòng Kue-tôo --- ## OSM 簡介 * 2004成立,後來以英國NGO型式管理大家共編圖資 * 社群共編的網路地圖 * 維基百科版本的地圖 * 使用OSM的服務:Pokemon Go、Wikimedia、 Apple Photo、Facebook、實價登錄網站、台北市土壤潛勢地圖 --- ## 創辦人 <div style="background-color: blue; color: white; padding: 10px; border: solid 3px #0F7391; margin: 10px;"> * 英國人 [Steve Coast](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_Coast) * GIS 領域學生 * 當年英國OS Geodata太貴了 * 受到維基百科影響,決定創辦類似的地圖計畫,讓所有人都能貢獻圖資 * 勤跑各大Linux大會推廣 </div> --- ## 理念 <!-- Kagami CC-BY-NC-SA https://www.slideshare.net/ShiXunHong/the-workshop-of-opensstreetmap-on-11102017-in-punplace --> 開放街圖的三大特色 ```mermaid %%{init: {'theme':'forest'}}%% graph LR; 1((開源 Open Source))---2((開放 Open Data))---3((協作 Collaboration))---1; ``` --- ## 硬體架構 <div style="background-color:#ccc"> ![OSM Components](https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/w/images/2/27/OSM_Components.svg) </div> --- ## 開源 Open Source <!--slide mode css --> <div style="display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:1rem;"> <div style="font-size:75%;flex:1;text-align:left" left> 相關專案皆以軟體開源授權釋出 * 地圖編輯器 (iD、 JOSM) * 地圖顯示器 (Mapnik 、 Leaflet) 資料伺服器使用開源軟體 * Linux * PostgreSQL </div> <div style="height:75%" right> >![](https://josm.openstreetmap.de/raw-attachment/wiki/iD/11-fields-are-displayed-in-iD-1.9.2.gif =220x160) ><span style="font-size:50%">(iD)</span> ![](https://toolbox.hotosm.org/images/digitization-and-editing/introJOSM1.gif =290x170) ><span style="font-size:50%">JOSM</span> </div> </div> --- ## 開放 Open Data * 原始資料 * [ODbL 授權](https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/) * 地圖顯示圖檔、相關文件 * [創用CC授權 – CC BY-SA](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0) <span style="margin-left:2rem;filter:invert(100%)">![Creative Commons](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Cc.logo.circle.svg/480px-Cc.logo.circle.svg.png =160x)</span> --- ## 協作 Collaboration <div style="display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:2rem;"> <div style="font-size:90%;flex:1;text-align:left" left> * 共同編輯 * Wikipedia * 社群導向 * 地圖巡守、除錯 * 自我組織化,例:[OpenStreetMap US](https://openstreetmap.us), [HOT](https://www.hotosm.org/), [OpenStreetMap台灣](https://osm.tw/) </div> <div> <span style="margin-left:2rem;filter:invert(100%)">![](https://cdn-icons-png.flaticon.com/512/809/809522.png =200x200)</span> </div> </div> --- ## 資料格式 <!--slide mode css --> <div style="display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:2rem;"> <div style="font-size:75%" left> ![OSM data structure](https://i.imgur.com/mUI2wqw.png) </div> <div style="flex:1;text-align:left" right> * 點 (node): 實際帶有經緯度資訊的部分 * 線 (line)、區域 (area): 線段或構成封閉區域 * 關聯 (relation): 多個線段或點的集合,可構成公車路線、行政邊界、溪流流域 </div> </div> --- ## 原始資料 ![OSM XML中壢車站](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/BJU33_kcA.png) --- ## 範例 [OSM-Carto](https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=18/24.95354/121.22572)-中壢 <div style="display:inline-flex;align-items:left;"> <div left> ![中壢車站](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/SkrANmftR.png) </div> <div style="font-size:85%;display:flex;background-color:rgb(127 195 140/0.5);padding:1px;justify-content:flex-end;"> <div style="flex-direction:column; text-align:left"> &nbsp; * railway=station * name=中壢 * wikipedia=[zh:中壢車站](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/中壢車站) * wikidata=[Q8070944](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8070944) </div> </div> </div> --- ## 範例 OSM-transport-中壢 <div style="display:inline-flex;align-items:left;"> <div left> ![交通運輸](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/ryeQBXfY0.png) </div> <div style="font-size:85%;display:flex;background-color:rgb(127 195 140/0.5);padding:1px;justify-content:flex-end;"> <div style="flex-direction:column; text-align:left"> &nbsp; * railway=station * name=中壢 * wikipedia=[zh:中壢車站](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/中壢車站) * wikidata=[Q8070944](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8070944) </div> </div> </div> --- ## 使用情境 - 救災快速反應 <div style="display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:1rem;"> <div style="font-size:65%;flex:1;text-align:left" left> &nbsp; * 災難後快速繪製地圖 [Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team](https://www.hotosm.org/) * 2010年海地地震 * 2010年10月成為美國NGO組織 * 2013年 [Tasking Manager](http://tasks.hotosm.org/) 推出 * 2013年海燕颱風、2015年尼泊爾大地震、2023年土耳其-敘利亞大地震 </div> <div style="height:75%" right> ![](https://cdn.hotosm.org/website/tm-mapping-layout.png =580x) </div> </div> --- ## 海地地震 {%youtube oNZ_ZBCTRqc %} --- ## 無障礙環境地圖 [wheelmap.org](https://wheelmap.org/nodes/3799089099) ![Wheelmap](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/HyRG2_ycA.png) --- ## OpenStreetMap 在台灣的長處 <div style="display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:2rem;"> <div style="flex:1;text-align:left;font-size:100%;" left> * 高壓電塔 * 登山路線 * 墓仔埔 * 跨資料庫:OpenStreetMap、Wikidata、Wikipedia </div> <div style="flex:1;text-align:left;font-size:100%;" left> * 多語言: * 臺灣閩南語/臺灣台語/臺灣話/Tai-gir/Hokien * Ha̍k-ka-fa/台灣客語/客家話 * 台灣南島民族語言/台灣原住民語言 </div> </div> Note: 相比其他商業地圖,OpenStreetMap 佇臺灣注重野外會當看著的物件,親像講高壓電塔、𬦰山路線,嘛有真濟墓仔埔。OpenStreetMap 是網路地圖,所以會當簡單連結線頂資源,親像 Wikidata 佮 Wikipedia。濟語言的嘛是加添臺灣的臺灣台語、臺灣 Hak-ka-fa、種種臺灣原住民語言攏會用得。當然外國人講的英文佮日語嘛是簡單加入。 --- ## 魯地圖 ![Rudy Map](https://i.imgur.com/cWWpitq.jpg) --- ## <center>高壓電線與變電所</center> <!--slide mode css --> <div style="display:inline-flex;gap:1rem;"> <div style="flex:1;font-size:100%;text-align:left:min-width:50%" left> &nbsp; * 高壓電線與變電所 * http://overpass-turbo.eu/s/kpv </div> <div right> ![Power substation and Line](https://i.imgur.com/14dvGkO.png =550x) </div> </div> --- ## 常見離線圖資 app * [OsmAnd](https://osmand.net/) * [Organic Maps](https://organicmaps.app/) --- ## 常見離線圖資 app - 可裝魯地圖 * [OrxuxMaps](https://www.oruxmaps.com/cs/en/) * [綠野遊蹤](https://greentracks.app/) * [健行筆記](https://hiking.biji.co/index.php?q=news&act=info&id=13634) --- ## uMap - OpenStreetMap 的「我的地圖」 https://umap.openstreetmap.fr/ --- ## 動手的準備 * 註冊 https://www.openstreetmap.org 帳號 * 連結 OSM 帳號到 [HOT Tasking Manager](https://tasks.hotosm.org/projects/16316) --- ## 示範時間 * [台北行天宮一帶](https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=18/25.06367/121.53295) * [中壢車站](https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=17/24.95340/121.22526) --- ## 示範時間 2 HOT Tasking Manager: https://tasks.hotosm.org/projects/16316/ --- ## 方法-描圖 ![Tracing Map](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/H1I6GEpRa.png) --- ## HOT Tasking Manager 協調共同繪製地圖 ![HOT Tasking Manager Project](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/SJ_TAE6C6.png) --- ## 來動手增進台灣圖資數量與品質吧! --- ## OSM x Wikidata 月聚 * 6/9 19:30 @摩茲工寮 * Facebook [OpenStreetMap台灣](https://www.facebook.com/groups/OpenStreetMap.TW/) ![OpenStreetMap x Wikidata](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c5/WdOsm-semanticBridge.jpg) --- ## [To-siā!](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E8%AC%9D#Chinese) [sṳ̀n-mùng-ǹ!](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%89%BF%E8%92%99%E4%BD%A0) Thank you! :sheep: 你可以在以下管道找到我 <div style="display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:2rem;"> <div style="flex:1;text-align:left" left> - [GitHub](https://github.com/Supaplextw/) - Supaplex: [Wikidata](https://wikidata.org/wiki/User:Supaplex),[OpenStreetMap](https://www.openstreetmap.org/user/Supaplex) - 或是寄[電子郵件](mailto:dennis@wikimedia.tw) </div> <div style="flex:1;text-align:left" left> * 臉書社團 Wikidata Taiwan * 臉書社團 OpenStreetMap台灣 * OSM Wiki [Taiwan](https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Taiwan) </div> </div>

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