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    # Café Philo @ Bay Area:科技可能中立嗎?科技與政治的協作與角力 【主題】科技可能中立嗎?科技與政治的協作與角力 Is Technology Neutral? The Collaboration and Conflicts between Technology and Politics 【主辦單位】Café Philo 灣區哲五 【時間】2018/6/2 (Sat) 2:00pm - 4:00pm 【地點】Hanava Room, Graduate Community Center 1F 【講者】瞿筱葳 | g0v cofounder、劉宇庭 | g0v contributor、Hal Seki | Code for Japan cofounder 【語言】本次活動將以中、英文進行 【主持人】Mei-chun Lee | PhD Candidate, Anthropology, UC Davis 【活動策劃】Mei-chun Lee 【海報設計】Lulu Keng 【網路宣傳】 【網路直播】Po-Nan Li | 灣區哲五 【攝影錄影】 【場地支援】Hsin-hung Yeh | 葉老師 【行政協力】Nicholas Huang | Stanford 【文字紀錄】 ## 內容簡介 數位時代裡,你對政治的想像是什麼?在二十一世紀,民主已經不再是選舉投票、議會質詢、上街遊行而已,科技的發展正在改造我們的政治參與。近十年來,我們見證著科技推動社會改變,串連起人民走上街頭帶來茉莉花、太陽花、雨傘等等民主革命;卻也經歷社群媒體催生同溫層、創造極端的仇恨言論、成為國家監控人民的工具。這場論壇的三個講者,將以他們自身的經驗,分享科技與政治之間的協作與角力,帶領我們重新思考數位時代的民主政治可能有的樣貌。 瞿筱葳 | g0v cofounder - 分散式公民協作的台灣實驗 劉宇庭 | g0v contributor - 社群網路與國家安全,政治傾向真的自由思想嗎? Hal Seki | Code for Japan cofounder - Topic TBD (in English) ## 關於講者 瞿筱葳 Ipa | g0v cofounder 紀錄片工作者/作家,g0v 零時政府社群共同發起人,近年關注開源黑客文化與數位公民參與,推廣跨界開源協作模式。 劉宇庭 Yutin | g0v contributor Tmot Innovation CTO and FED.tw co-cofounder Web developer #OpenSource #OpenGov。在社會運動上長期協助錄影與直播,是 g0v 長期參與者。曾經參與 g0v.news、g0ver、北市災民證、血液即時存量、八仙塵爆協尋、割闌尾、投票指南 等等專案。 Hal Seki | Code for Japan cofounder Hal Seki has been working as a Geo Developer since 2002. He is a CEO of Georepublic Japan and the representative of Code for Japan. He is entitled as Ushahidi Certificated Developer since he has been a managing director of Sinsai.info, a cloud sourcing crisis information collecting platform using Ushahidi since 2010, the Great East Japan Earthquake occurred. He is also a member of Open Knowledge of Foundation Japan and OpenStreetMap Foundation Japan. ## 演講共筆 ### Multi-centered civic collaboration experiment in Taiwan / 瞿筱葳 (Ipa) 我之前是個紀錄片工作者,寫過一本書「留味行」。今天分享從一個只會簡單 Perl 的文青,到在 g0v 裡貢獻的故事。 g0v 一開始「寫程式改造社會」,後來我們延伸這個概念到 collaboration。我們這次來美國是在參加 code for america。一個英國的朋友在mapping github上的公民社群時,指出 g0v & CfA 是全球前三大的公民科技社群之二。 g0v = 開源精神+公民參與+新媒體 31次黑客松 + 517 次的提案 + 304 坑主 + 2000+ 貢獻者 From Anger to.... 2012 經濟動能推升方案的廣告激怒很多人,包括了一群工程師,把中央預算的公文抓出來,把文字化成視覺化、開源的中央視覺總預算專案。這是我們第0個專案。 參與者:目前 coder 約四成,還有ngo、設計師等等不同角色。 g0v 像暴露狂,不論是程式碼、文字、概念、行動都 default open: availability & access, reuse, participation。 我們的精神:release early release often, patches welcome 例如,g0v 的 logo 的演化圖,從有人願意先畫出很醜的草稿後,激怒設計師讓大家再修改、進化成現在的 logo 當這樣的黑客精神從黑客松到街頭上,從 Sunflower Movement 開始,社群開始有機的成長 - open data >> 你被服貿了嗎? 在太陽花運動前 g0v 就開始與賴中強合作整理受服貿影響的行業內容 - connection >> 街頭的線路松,自願輪班24小時的維護議場內外的網路,讓資訊不被主流媒體壟斷 - aggregate information >> hackfoldr 把各個網頁收在一個連結裡,每個人都可以公開編輯、更新、分享,讓訊息可以統整。 一個人伐樹很辛苦,當大家有機的組織起來分享資訊、協作,創造出 doer spirit,讓大家一起加入「分身伐樹」 creating a new sapce - identify oneself as contributor - 辦黑客松,讓大家在實體空間裡協作。餵食3~4餐,讓大家一整天一起 hacking。 - 流程:提案 > hacking > 發表 - 累積貢獻,開源資訊,讓後來加入的人可以自主參與。 g0v 的 motto 結合了甘迺迪和鄉民的精神:不要問為何沒有人做這個,先承認你就是沒有人。 因為**沒有人**是萬能的 如果在slack上提到「沒有人」就會有一個bot跳出來說「先承認你就是沒有人」 g0v 的技能貼紙,充滿了不同技能的角色,讓各式各樣的人可以參與。 g0v 連結了公民、政府、NGO。例如進入政府的唐鳳,但即使黑客進了政府,公民社會仍然是很活躍。 為了延續這樣的精神,我們開始了公民科技獎助金,slogan: **沒有人**要給你錢 50萬半年,讓黑客們專心開發。 例如1:[CoFact](https://github.com/cofacts) line bot 真的假的 用line bot 來打擊不實訊息,並透過群眾協力來澄清消息 例如2:美東工程師開發的「[國家寶藏](https://github.com/national-treasures-tw)」 透過志工+app來群眾外包保存台灣在美國博物館裡的重要史料 例如3:[美國國會觀測站](https://www.facebook.com/ustaiwanwatch/) 觀察美國國會與台灣相關的法案狀況 例如4:[議員投票指南](https://councils.g0v.tw/) 將議員候選人的資訊用網站的分式匯整呈現,提供選舉人投票指南 以去中心化分散式的方式,讓社群精神延續。 ### 劉宇庭 Yutin | g0v contributor 我從一開始就加入g0v,直到現在開公司,也用開源的精神在運作。我參與過割闌尾、八仙塵爆協尋等等專案 今天會提到google & facebook的案例,先跟在場的員工抱歉。 我在318是直播主,也幫忙架網路。每一個街頭論壇都要拉一個直播。因為論壇愈來愈多,所以開始需要很多志工,養成了現在台灣社會運動都會有直播主把訊息提供出來,平衡主流媒體的報導。 直播的精神,不是把雜音蓋掉,而是呈現雜音,讓它可以對話 e.g. 大腸花,一開始是很陽春的,但大家開始提供各個設備、幫忙上字幕,讓大腸花有了現在的樣子 美國有 internet firewall 嗎? 用三種 vpn 地點搜尋台灣,會看到完全不同的結果。為什麼台灣人討論事情和美國人討論的內容不同呢? 除非刻意去找,不然我們搜尋到的結果都是搜尋引擎餵給我們的資料。 - 表網路 e.g. google search - 深網路 - 暗網 e.g. TOR 透過網路搜尋,我們可以得到全世界的所有資訊嗎?或是我們仍然停留在表層的資訊上。 FILM: The Unabomber (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Kaczynski) 自由思想?如果我們的資訊都只有單一來源,我們是否就會被影響。 Facebook Ads vs Google Ads - Facebook 個資濫用,user 的 profile 外洩。 - NED 關於中國如何輸出假新聞的報告。3月時新聞提出中國新聞對於台灣的影響。 What Can I do - 新聞小幫手,在FB上幫忙平衡資訊。在分享文下提出「這則新聞可能有問題」,做為一個提醒 - 真的假的linebot。在長輩間瘋傳的"假新聞",透過分享到linebot裡,可以查證這則新聞是否有問題。 - 使用 privacy badger 這個外掛來遮蓋社群媒體追蹤使用者 - 使用匿名瀏覽 - 我在兩年前停用了 FB ### Open Technologies makes open collaboration / Hal Seki Why I started Code for Jpan - 2011 nuclear crisis in Japan. Before the incident, I knew nothing about civic tech. At the event, the internet was broken and the information was in a mess. I didn't know what is truth. I therefore started sinsai.info, which helped to gather the information about the disaster and its recovery progress. Because of this experience, I started to care for the people. Sinsai.info (震災.info) is the website (currently inactive) - lessons from sinsai.info: **geek + gov + citizen** - geeks can solve probem with innovative way if they got a good problem; - government do not understand tech well. (they were still using PDF for most of the information and were afraid to provide too much information) - citizens can give feedbacks to tools and they are who the gov should listen to Code for Japan: the network is for people, with ppl, for ppl - the network is people - 80+ local code for communities: independent, autonomous - connect with other code for all partners and share knowledge together What we do: - running workshops - collecting data - hackathons - utilize data - build apps e.g. garbage collection app, preschool search, local festival finder Preschool Finder app - Before, the info is not "open data" and one has to call the gov to find out the preschool one needs. Now we develop an online map to search for a good preschool. - **Build With, Not For** - open source >> the app was later forked to over 20 cities. - with the visualized result, it became easier to ask the gov to open up their data Congress Election Website - We publish data under public domain license on github - Popolo https://www.popoloproject.com/ - started on Sep 28 and launched on Oct 23 >> collected over 1100 candidates - Tech used: GitHub, Google, HackMd, slack, etc - analysis: 83% male, most of them had previously working as a politician - collaboratd with Faebook - provided data to Facebook & mySociety - we want to know more than election but also how politicians do in their everyday life ## Q&A ### Q1: where do you store the data? Hal: It depends on project. Mostly on github. We also use amazon (it donate space to us). ### Q2: 除了社群熱情,實體活動需要錢、人,是否有商業模式。 Hal: we sustain our community by donation. We're also funded by companies to run fellowship program with the gov. Some of the fund from the local & national gov. For such kind of social project, they are run by volunteers. Yutin: 由貢獻者貢獻。我也有在想是否有可能成立公司承政府案,讓社群參與 Ipa: 一開始全 volunteer ,現在有了OCF法人做為單位募款來hire人,有固定的人力來維運。我們不是用「商業模式」而是希望長出生 態系來維持。也有些專案在長大後,自己出去成立startup e.g. HackMD。所以 civic tech 也可以長出自己的商業模式 ### Q3: summit 的 sponsor 好像有些變化?他們的動機? Ipa: 有些是固定支持 open source 的廠商,但也開始延伸到其它電信廠商 ### Q4: how did you start everything? Hal: I asked ppl to come. we started from small workshops, but as everyone contributed, CfJ was becoming bigger. I used to work for OSM, and many civic hackers are open source contributors, so that's where we find our community member. Yutin: 做為coder 喜歡hacking,我就單純的只是去參加。但當憤怒值累積到一定程度時,才開始主動開坑,我的第一個坑是在太陽花運動時開始。換個角度也許我們要問,我們如何讓別人加入貢獻? Ipa: 中央預算的專案是我先生做的,他當時玩飛行傘掉下來摔斷背,看到廣告生氣然後開始coding。我原本只是旁觀者,用相機在紀錄,漸漸就被捲入。邊拍就邊走入裡面,開始幫忙組織社群、辦會、引導新參者....因為open source的文化,讓旁觀者成為貢獻者 ### Q5: challenges? Hal: funding! It's difficult to maintain the motivation of the members. A lot of the projects cannot survive for a long run. ### Q6: 科技可能中立嗎?你們的看法。 Ipa:每個人的心裡一定不是中立的。但如何用open的方式,做到可能比較中立,或是讓訊息並成,讓大家有對話的空間,回頭檢視自己是否中立。 分享一個故事。在投票指南的開發中,有不同政治立場的人,中間有過很多debate,是否要過瀘,到什麼程度。最後開發者還是堅持所有的過程要開放,即使它可能呈現的資訊變得更繁雜。 Yutin: google, facebook, wechat都有它的立場。做直播的我,也有一個立場。在做open data時,想的不是答案是A or B ,而是如何把資訊並呈。 Hal: It depends on who uses it. Everyone has a position. It's not a zero-one question. It's really important for us to think together and create together. We don't fight with the gov. We ask for data, trying to work with them. It helps to create conversation and collaboration. Ipa: g0v community fights with the gov a lot. Quest comment: we not need to be neutrual but factual. ### Q7: 不同立場之間的衝突如何解決? Ipa: open source 的做法是「用腳投票」,去參與你認同的專案。如何形成共識,其實不只是社群的問題,是社會的問題,有很多嘗試與努力e.g. 審議的方法,服貿時大家一起在討論這個「共識」如何形成。當有高張力的社會事件,共識可能比較快可以產出,但很多問題需要時間 Yutin: Po.lis 是一個可能的工具 ### Q8: 下班後做專案好像只有在台灣會發生,在全球似乎很少?好像很多 civic tech 反而是由公司在運作? Hal: most of our projects are small. They don't require a lot of funding. For example, the election project is funded by mySociety. Google Japan also funds us. Ipa: 像所有的 non-profit 透過募款,目前我們開始往國際的 funder 募款。有商業模式也是很棒。

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