Learn Doctrine

Learn Doctrine === # GUIDE http://docs.doctrine-project.org/projects/doctrine-orm/en/latest/tutorials/getting-started.html This guide covers getting started with the Doctrine ORM. After working through the guide you should know: How to install and configure Doctrine by connecting it to a database Mapping PHP objects to database tables Generating a database schema from PHP objects Using the EntityManager to insert, update, delete and find objects in the database. # install PHP Composer http://idroot.net/tutorials/how-to-install-php-composer-on-centos-7/ http://www.jianshu.com/p/4f1df61179e6 ```bash= [eric_tu@localhost ~]$ php -r "copy('https://getcomposer.org/installer', 'composer-setup.php');" [eric_tu@localhost ~]$ php composer-setup.php --install-dir=/usr/bin --filename=composer All settings correct for using Composer The installation directory "/usr/bin" is not writable [eric_tu@localhost ~]$ sudo php composer-setup.php --install-dir=/usr/bin --filename=composer [sudo] password for eric_tu: All settings correct for using Composer Downloading... Composer (version 1.4.1) successfully installed to: /usr/bin/composer Use it: php /usr/bin/composer [eric_tu@localhost ~]$ php -r "unlink('composer-setup.php');" [eric_tu@localhost ~]$ composer -v ... ``` # [Doctrine & Symfony](http://www.newlifeclan.com/symfony/archives/491) https://symfony.com/pdf/Symfony_book_2.8.pdf http://symfony.com/blog/introducing-the-symfony-doctrine-book Project Setup ``` [eric_tu@localhost ~]$ mkdir DoctrineToutorial [eric_tu@localhost ~]$ cd DoctrineToutorial/ ``` ```bash= [eric_tu@localhost DoctrineToutorial]$ vim composer.json 1 { - 2 "require": { - 3 "doctrine/orm": "2.4.*", - 4 "symfony//yaml": "2.*" | 5 }, - 6 "autoload": { - 7 "psr-0": {"": "src/"} 2 8 } 9 } ``` ```bash= [eric_tu@localhost DoctrineToutorial]$ composer install Loading composer repositories with package information Updating dependencies (including require-dev) Package operations: 13 installs, 0 updates, 0 removals - Installing symfony/polyfill-mbstring (v1.3.0): Downloading (100%) - Installing psr/log (1.0.2): Downloading (100%) - Installing symfony/debug (v2.8.20): Downloading (100%) - Installing symfony/console (v2.8.20): Downloading (100%) - Installing doctrine/lexer (v1.0.1): Downloading (100%) - Installing doctrine/inflector (v1.1.0): Downloading (100%) - Installing doctrine/collections (v1.3.0): Downloading (100%) - Installing doctrine/cache (v1.5.4): Downloading (100%) - Installing doctrine/annotations (v1.2.7): Downloading (100%) - Installing doctrine/common (v2.5.3): Downloading (100%) - Installing doctrine/dbal (v2.5.12): Downloading (100%) - Installing doctrine/orm (v2.4.8): Downloading (100%) - Installing symfony/yaml (v2.8.20): Downloading (100%) symfony/polyfill-mbstring suggests installing ext-mbstring (For best performance) symfony/console suggests installing symfony/event-dispatcher () symfony/console suggests installing symfony/process () Writing lock file Generating autoload files [eric_tu@localhost DoctrineToutorial]$ ``` Add the following directories: ```bash= [eric_tu@localhost DoctrineToutorial]$ mkdir config;mkdir src; cd config; mkdir xml; mkdir yaml ``` # Obtaining the EntityManager¶ Doctrine’s public interface is the EntityManager, it provides the access point to the complete lifecycle management of your entities and transforms entities from and back to persistence. You have to configure and create it to use your entities with Doctrine 2. I will show the configuration steps and then discuss them step by step: ```php= <?php // bootstrap.php use Doctrine\ORM\Tools\Setup; use Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager; require_once "vendor/autoload.php"; // Create a simple "default" Doctrine ORM configuration for Annotations $isDevMode = true; $config = Setup::createAnnotationMetadataConfiguration(array(__DIR__."/src"), $isDevMode); // or if you prefer yaml or XML //$config = Setup::createXMLMetadataConfiguration(array(__DIR__."/config/xml"), $isDevMode); //$config = Setup::createYAMLMetadataConfiguration(array(__DIR__."/config/yaml"), $isDevMode); // database configuration parameters $conn = array( 'driver' => 'pdo_sqlite', 'path' => __DIR__ . '/db.sqlite', ); // obtaining the entity manager $entityManager = EntityManager::create($conn, $config); ``` 啟動doctrine時失敗 ```bash= [eric_tu@localhost DoctrineToutorial]$ php vendor/bin/doctrine PHP Fatal error: Call to undefined function GetEntityManager() in /home/eric_tu/DoctrineToutorial/config/cli-config.php on line 9 ``` 解決辦法 ```php= 1 <?php 2 3 // config/cli-config.php 4 //use Doctrine\ORM\Tools\Console\ConsoleRunner; 5 6 // replace with file to your own project bootstrap 7 require_once 'bootstrap.php'; 8 9 // replace with mechanism to retrieve EntityManager in your app 10 //$entityManager = GetEntityManager(); 11 12 13 //return ConsoleRunner::createHelperSet($entityManager); 14 return \Doctrine\ORM\Tools\Console\ConsoleRunner::createHelperSet($entityManager); 15 ``` # File mapping drivers must have a valid directory path, however the given path [/path] seems to be incorrect! ```bash= [eric_tu@localhost DoctrineToutorial]$ vendor/bin/doctrine orm:schema-tool:create [Doctrine\Common\Persistence\Mapping\MappingException] File mapping drivers must have a valid directory path, however the given path [/path] seems to be incorrect! orm:schema-tool:create [--dump-sql] ``` 解決方法 http://stackoverflow.com/questions/18771107/how-to-configure-doctrine-file-mapping-driver-in-zf2 新增一個空的資料夾給他存放實體資料 ``` 6 down vote I had exactly the same problem. I solved it by creating an empty Entity directory in the location where doctrine expect me to store my entities. All you have to do is create in following location an empty Entity directory: __DIR__ . '/../src/Realez/Entity'. ``` You can easily recreate the database: ```bash= $ vendor/bin/doctrine orm:schema-tool:drop --force $ vendor/bin/doctrine orm:schema-tool:create ``` Or use the update functionality: ```bash= $ vendor/bin/doctrine orm:schema-tool:update --force ``` http://stackoverflow.com/questions/17473225/doctrine2-no-metadata-classes-to-process ```bash= [eric_tu@localhost DoctrineToutorial]$ vendor/bin/doctrine orm:schema-tool:update --force --dump-sql No Metadata Classes to process. ``` # Generating the Database Schema --- # 使用symfony 學習doctrine http://symfony.com/doc/current/doctrine.html 設定 app/config/parameters.yml 設定 app/config/config.php run ```bash= php bin/console doctrine:database:create``` ```bash= [eric_tu@localhost MyProject]$ php bin/console doctrine:database:create Created database `test_project` for connection named default ``` 可以透過 generate 做設定 ```bash= [eric_tu@localhost MyProject]$ php bin/console doctrine:generate:entity Welcome to the Doctrine2 entity generator This command helps you generate Doctrine2 entities. First, you need to give the entity name you want to generate. You must use the shortcut notation like AcmeBlogBundle:Post. The Entity shortcut name: ``` 也可以手動產生使用metadata的格式要注意的是一個bundle裡面只能吃一個metadate 不能同時放YAML XML annotations 如果省略tabel name 的話就會自動使用Class Name 代替 You'll provide this mapping information in the form of "metadata", a collection of rules that tells Doctrine exactly how the Product class and its properties should be mapped to a specific database table. This metadata can be specified in a number of different formats, including YAML, XML or directly inside the Product class via DocBlock annotations: ```php= // src/AppBundle/Entity/Product.php namespace AppBundle\Entity; use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping as ORM; /** * @ORM\Entity * @ORM\Table(name="product") */ class Product { /** * @ORM\Column(type="integer") * @ORM\Id * @ORM\GeneratedValue(strategy="AUTO") */ private $id; /** * @ORM\Column(type="string", length=100) */ private $name; /** * @ORM\Column(type="decimal", scale=2) */ private $price; /** * @ORM\Column(type="text") */ private $description; } ``` ```bash= [eric_tu@localhost MyProject]$ php bin/console doctrine:schema:validate [2017-05-11 09:11:34] cache.WARNING: Failed to save key "%5BAppBundle%5CEntity%5CProduct%24id%40%5BAnnot%5D%5D%5B1%5D" (array) {"key":"%5BAppBundle%5CEntity%5CProduct%24id%40%5BAnnot%5D%5D%5B1%5D","type":"array","exception":"[object] (ErrorException(code: 0): rename(/home/eric_tu/MyProject/var/cache/dev/pools/Xegxnk3wGb/59141cb6b03849.50113194,/home/eric_tu/MyProject/var/cache/dev/pools/Xegxnk3wGb/E/6/U4H0BHL2EQ88g3YmK+ph): No such file or directory at /home/eric_tu/MyProject/vendor/symfony/symfony/src/Symfony/Component/Cache/Adapter/FilesystemAdapterTrait.php:93)"} [2017-05-11 09:11:34] cache.WARNING: Failed to save key "%5B%5BC%5DAppBundle%5CEntity%5CProduct%24id%40%5BAnnot%5D%5D%5B1%5D" (integer) {"key":"%5B%5BC%5DAppBundle%5CEntity%5CProduct%24id%40%5BAnnot%5D%5D%5B1%5D","type":"integer","exception":"[object] (ErrorException(code: 0): rename(/home/eric_tu/MyProject/var/cache/dev/pools/Xegxnk3wGb/59141cb6b03849.50113194,/home/eric_tu/MyProject/var/cache/dev/pools/Xegxnk3wGb/L/H/az+nTSFt3kwu3RNMZ1Hi): Permission denied at /home/eric_tu/MyProject/vendor/symfony/symfony/src/Symfony/Component/Cache/Adapter/FilesystemAdapterTrait.php:93)"} [2017-05-11 09:11:34] cache.WARNING: Failed to save key "%5BAppBundle%5CEntity%5CProduct%24name%40%5BAnnot%5D%5D%5B1%5D" (array) {"key":"%5BAppBundle%5CEntity%5CProduct%24name%40%5BAnnot%5D%5D%5B1%5D","type":"array","exception":"[object] (ErrorException(code: 0): rename(/home/eric_tu/MyProject/var/cache/dev/pools/Xegxnk3wGb/59141cb6b03849.50113194,/home/eric_tu/MyProject/var/cache/dev/pools/Xegxnk3wGb/U/9/egp-EjlPnVg5UDIFWK43): No such file or directory at /home/eric_tu/MyProject/vendor/symfony/symfony/src/Symfony/Component/Cache/Adapter/FilesystemAdapterTrait.php:93)"} [2017-05-11 09:11:34] cache.WARNING: Failed to save key "%5B%5BC%5DAppBundle%5CEntity%5CProduct%24name%40%5BAnnot%5D%5D%5B1%5D" (integer) {"key":"%5B%5BC%5DAppBundle%5CEntity%5CProduct%24name%40%5BAnnot%5D%5D%5B1%5D","type":"integer","exception":"[object] (ErrorException(code: 0): rename(/home/eric_tu/MyProject/var/cache/dev/pools/Xegxnk3wGb/59141cb6b03849.50113194,/home/eric_tu/MyProject/var/cache/dev/pools/Xegxnk3wGb/6/1/BU3ZLPGkSwQFthLVVdjY): No such file or directory at /home/eric_tu/MyProject/vendor/symfony/symfony/src/Symfony/Component/Cache/Adapter/FilesystemAdapterTrait.php:93)"} [2017-05-11 09:11:34] cache.WARNING: Failed to save key "%5BAppBundle%5CEntity%5CProduct%24price%40%5BAnnot%5D%5D%5B1%5D" (array) {"key":"%5BAppBundle%5CEntity%5CProduct%24price%40%5BAnnot%5D%5D%5B1%5D","type":"array","exception":"[object] (ErrorException(code: 0): rename(/home/eric_tu/MyProject/var/cache/dev/pools/Xegxnk3wGb/59141cb6b03849.50113194,/home/eric_tu/MyProject/var/cache/dev/pools/Xegxnk3wGb/Q/I/OQPYJjmpYaXeDnUw5S6v): No such file or directory at /home/eric_tu/MyProject/vendor/symfony/symfony/src/Symfony/Component/Cache/Adapter/FilesystemAdapterTrait.php:93)"} [2017-05-11 09:11:34] cache.WARNING: Failed to save key "%5B%5BC%5DAppBundle%5CEntity%5CProduct%24price%40%5BAnnot%5D%5D%5B1%5D" (integer) {"key":"%5B%5BC%5DAppBundle%5CEntity%5CProduct%24price%40%5BAnnot%5D%5D%5B1%5D","type":"integer","exception":"[object] (ErrorException(code: 0): rename(/home/eric_tu/MyProject/var/cache/dev/pools/Xegxnk3wGb/59141cb6b03849.50113194,/home/eric_tu/MyProject/var/cache/dev/pools/Xegxnk3wGb/6/7/AvQvZmgc3JFW8DVeG2Uk): Permission denied at /home/eric_tu/MyProject/vendor/symfony/symfony/src/Symfony/Component/Cache/Adapter/FilesystemAdapterTrait.php:93)"} [2017-05-11 09:11:34] cache.WARNING: Failed to save key "%5BAppBundle%5CEntity%5CProduct%24description%40%5BAnnot%5D%5D%5B1%5D" (array) {"key":"%5BAppBundle%5CEntity%5CProduct%24description%40%5BAnnot%5D%5D%5B1%5D","type":"array","exception":"[object] (ErrorException(code: 0): rename(/home/eric_tu/MyProject/var/cache/dev/pools/Xegxnk3wGb/59141cb6b03849.50113194,/home/eric_tu/MyProject/var/cache/dev/pools/Xegxnk3wGb/B/Q/TwPVg2PfAZ2FkFHvduqi): No such file or directory at /home/eric_tu/MyProject/vendor/symfony/symfony/src/Symfony/Component/Cache/Adapter/FilesystemAdapterTrait.php:93)"} [2017-05-11 09:11:34] cache.WARNING: Failed to save key "%5B%5BC%5DAppBundle%5CEntity%5CProduct%24description%40%5BAnnot%5D%5D%5B1%5D" (integer) {"key":"%5B%5BC%5DAppBundle%5CEntity%5CProduct%24description%40%5BAnnot%5D%5D%5B1%5D","type":"integer","exception":"[object] (ErrorException(code: 0): rename(/home/eric_tu/MyProject/var/cache/dev/pools/Xegxnk3wGb/59141cb6b03849.50113194,/home/eric_tu/MyProject/var/cache/dev/pools/Xegxnk3wGb/W/G/tNsnVcaUbc7V5CWxgMJG): No such file or directory at /home/eric_tu/MyProject/vendor/symfony/symfony/src/Symfony/Component/Cache/Adapter/FilesystemAdapterTrait.php:93)"} [Mapping] OK - The mapping files are correct. [Database] FAIL - The database schema is not in sync with the current mapping file. [eric_tu@localhost MyProject]$ ``` # [Database] FAIL - The database schema is not in sync with the current mapping file. 解法: https://www.orocrm.com/forums/topic/doctrineschemavalidate-always-return-database-is-not-in-sync https://github.com/doctrine/doctrine2/issues/3810 This happens because MySQL does not have a native type for DateTimeTz, therefore the mapping always falls back to the native DATETIME type. ```bash= [eric_tu@localhost MyProject]$ php bin/console doctrine:schema:update --force ... Updating database schema... Database schema updated successfully! "1" query was executed ``` ```bash= [eric_tu@localhost MyProject]$ php bin/console doctrine:schema:validate ... [Mapping] OK - The mapping files are correct. [Database] OK - The database schema is in sync with the mapping files. ``` 成功把資料映射之後我們還區樣建立CURD的方法例如 getName(), setName($name) 等等，不過幸運的是docrtine可以幫助我們快速建立。 ```bash= [eric_tu@localhost MyProject]$ php bin/console doctrine:generate:entities AppBundle/Entity/Product ...bash= > backing up Product.php to Product.php~ > generating AppBundle\Entity\Product ``` 更新 ```bash= php bin/console doctrine:schema:update --force ``` # Persisting Objects to the Database 再來要把我們產生的資料表作為實體儲存到資料庫中新增一些function到Controller中 Persisting Objects to the Database¶ Now that you have mapped the Product entity to its corresponding product table, you're ready to persist Product objects to the database. From inside a controller, this is pretty easy. Add the following method to the DefaultController of the bundle: ```php= // src/AppBundle/Controller/DefaultController.php // ... use AppBundle\Entity\Product; use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response; // ... public function createAction() { $product = new Product(); $product->setName('Keyboard'); $product->setPrice(19.99); $product->setDescription('Ergonomic and stylish!'); $em = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager(); // tells Doctrine you want to (eventually) save the Product (no queries yet) $em->persist($product); // actually executes the queries (i.e. the INSERT query) $em->flush(); return new Response('Saved new product with id '.$product->getId()); ``` 用完大概長這樣 ```php= 1 <?php 2 3 namespace AppBundle\Controller; 4 5 use Sensio\Bundle\FrameworkExtraBundle\Configuration\Route; 6 use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\Controller; 7 use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request; 8 9 use AppBundle\Entity\Product; 10 use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response 11 12 class DefaultController extends Controller 13 { - 14 /** | 15 * @Route("/", name="homepage") | 16 */ | 17 public function indexAction(Request $request) | 18 { - 19 // replace this example code with whatever you need 2 20 return $this->render('default/index.html.twig', [ - 21 'base_dir' => realpath($this->getParameter('kernel.root_dir').'/..').DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, 4 22 ]); | 23 } 24 } 25 26 public function createAction() 27 { - 28 $product = new Product(); | 29 $product->setName('Keyboard'); | 30 $product->setPrice(19.99); | 31 $product->setDescription('Ergonomic and stylish!'); | 32 | 33 $em = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager(); | 34 | 35 // tells Doctrine you want to (eventually) save the Product (no queries yet) | 36 $em->persist($product); | 37 | 38 // actually executes the queries (i.e. the INSERT query) | 39 $em->flush(); | 40 | 41 return new Response('Saved new product with id '.$product->getId()); 42 } ``` # Fetching Objects from the Database

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