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    --- tags: 活動共筆 --- # 20210724 伴伴學:皮爸陪你開箱示波器 RIGOL-DS1054Z --- 購入價格 ~NT$14K 為國內代理商產品 開箱... 真的是箱子膠布貼著都還沒開,打開箱子裏面有2/3是空的由泡棉撐起來的緩衝空間(保護很好)。配件有附上四組探棒,電源線與各種接頭。 * 儀器的電源線 AC Power cord 不建議拔(折)掉第三Pin(Ground)。如果環境是無接地插座時,可以用轉接頭。 (便宜的電源線就直接折了) * 螢幕顯示的語言可選擇 簡繁中/英/日/...,而操作按鍵的標示為"英文" 可以用右方旋鈕移動選項,按下旋鈕來選定。主螢幕的操作介面是類似ATM,透過螢幕旁的按鈕操作,不是觸控的螢幕。(Read the Fxxxing manual) * 探棒有附色環套,可以由探棒尾端套上,色環顏色分別對應到四組輸入信號的配色,方便分辨Channel。 * 初次使用校正: 1. 探棒接在示波器右下方測試用的端子上,分別是 1KHz 方波與接地 (Ground)。機器本身為共地。以探棒本身的勾子高在方波信號端,夾子則夾在接地上。 2. 按下"Auto"鈕,示波器會自動調整檔位與觸發方式 3. 探棒附小調校棒(一字),可調整棒探上的"可變電容",來改變整體的阻抗匹配。 4. 實測看不出來調整的效果,於是切換至 x10,再重新使用auto調整顯示 5. 這時候調整校正電容可以看出 Edge sharpening 的效果。 **金屬的起子會影響環境的電場,因此調整可變電容時,最好使用塑膠或是陶瓷的起子,以避免量到錯誤的數值!** (隨附的是塑膠材質的調校棒--會"威去",品質有待商確) * 接地彈簧 所謂彈簧型連接器,它適合於連接高密度的Connector。因為使用直接插入探針(Push-in probe tip)不容易接觸到Connector中間的Pin,而使用Y型的雙導線連接器(Y-lead adapter)又容易引入干擾信號,使用這種彈簧型連接器是很好的選擇。 * Probe x1 ,x10 除了是量測信號的倍率外,也會影響到Probe 的高頻信號輸入阻抗。 * 1x 適用 DC to 20MHz * 10x 適用 > 20MHz * MATH -> 數學運算 -> 運算子 -> FFT, 運算"打開", 即可觀查到快速傅利葉運算,將時域信號計算出頻域下的"頻譜": 1. 調整輸入信號的游標ab範圍,可以在螢幕下半部看到運算出的結果。一個由高往低的分佈上,會有好幾個凸起的信號,分別對應到:DC訊號, F0 主頻, 次級諧振 (1st, 2nd... harmonic) 2. 其中第2根凸起的信號為主頻F0,示波器也有自動計算的結果。 (圖片中移動A cursor量測為 460Hz, 實測 454Hz) 3. 而第3根跟之後凸起的信號為次諧波 (圖片中使用游標 B cursor量測為 920Hz 剛好是主頻 460x2 Hz) 4. 更高階的諧波並沒有在固定的位置上 (移動cursor量測為1.040KHz 即 460x3 Hz),可能是因為輸入信號不是對稱的三角波 ![](https://i.imgur.com/z7ewzBC.jpg) * 簡單的記憶法: * 奇數次諧波 ~~("奇"字的上面尖尖的~~) -> 基本波+奇次諧波 = 方波 (由奇次sine wave構成) $x_{square}(t)=\frac{4}{\pi}\sum\limits_{k = 1}^\infty{\frac{\sin((2k-1)2{\pi}t)}{2k-1}}=\frac{4}{\pi}(\sin(2{\pi}t)+\frac{1}{3}\sin(6{\pi}t)+\frac{1}{5}\sin(10{\pi}t)+...)$ * ~~偶數次諧波 ("偶"字的上面平平的)~~ -> 三角波 $x_{triangle}(t)=\frac{8}{\pi^2}\sum\limits_{k = 0}^\infty{(-1)^k\frac{\sin((2k+1)t)}{(2k+1)^2}}=\frac{8}{\pi^2}(\sin(t)-\frac{1}{9}\sin(3t)+\frac{1}{25}\sin(5t)-...)$ 大海更正:奇偶單字與波形的關係講顛倒了(我在胡扯),建議拿掉 舜傑補充:直接看傅立葉級數比較準 * 總諧波失真 = 諧波高度/(主頻高度+所有諧波高度) 當諧波的高度愈低,代表信號的失真愈少。 > (ARDUINO IDE 如果在輸入法中文模式下,可能會發生重複貼上內容) > 蘋果鍵盤: Del = Fn + Back Space --- ### I2C 量測 & Decode * I2C generator from "WiFiBoy" ~~RIGOL 說明書很兩光~~ 量測的方式與步驟: * Ch1. I2C 資料信號 * Ch2. 時鐘 CLK 信號 1. 先用自動觸發,並選擇適當的水平、垂直的檔位(ex. 2 Volt),讓兩個頻道的信號分別在螢幕的上下部。沒有適當的觸發設定時,會是連續跑動的波型。 2. 然後以 Ch1 的 I2C 為觸發源,調整觸發水平(trigger level),可以將觸發類型指定為 I2C。 TTL 信號要以小於等於 3.3V 作為觸發條件。當觸發改為「普通」時,則是有觸發才有信號波型。(single shot mode) 5. ~~使用 measure 鈕可以固定顯示的信號~~ 6. 接下來調整觸發點的時間(水平)位置到左端,即螢幕上方紅色的倒V字標記,這樣子可以一次看到比較多的 I2C 數據。 7. 選 math -> decode -> I2C 指定要解碼的頻道:Data 為 Ch1,時鐘為 Ch2。接下來啟用解碼(Decode ON),螢幕下方就會顯示解碼的數值。 8. 螢幕(右)按鍵可以選擇解碼的格式(format),改成16進位碼顯示。 --- * **要能夠看清楚 I2C 解碼,必須有適當的觸發,在單次觸發的情況下,"I2C Decode" 才能夠正常運作。在 "Auto Mode" 自動觸發下,波型會一直跳動,無法看到 "I2C Decode" 出來的資料。** * **量測時要確認輸入端的電源充足,波型才會正常。** - [ 皮爸需買一箱"綠色乖乖"回來放] --- ### Reference * [YouTube video : How to decode I2C serial data on the Rigol 1054Z oscilloscope ](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VkbubgSxBnQ) * [RIGOL DS1054Z 說明書](https://tw.rigol.com/Public/Uploads/uploadfile/files/ftp/DS/%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C/DS1000Z/EN/DS1000Z_UserGuide_EN.pdf) * [RIGOL 台灣代理商-銳誠科技](http://www.ritechnology.com.tw/zh-tw/contact.html) * [RIGOL DS1054Z 50MHz頻寬/4通道示波器 (PC Home 官方賣場)](https://www.pcstore.com.tw/ritechnology/M18482872.htm) * [YouTube video: Bad Apple on oscilloscope](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pVXF57_3mBY) 傳統類比示波器以雙頻道信號控制來顯示圖樣,類似XY繪圖器的方式。

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