# D18 撰寫 Flask Web 程式存取 MongoDB

使用 Flask 撰寫一個會員系統，將會員資料存入 MongoDB，並提供 4 種 API 操作 MongoDB 中的資料，分別是新增、修改、刪除、查詢。

## 1. Create

@app.route('/members', methods=['POST'])
def create_member():
    created_count = 0

    # Get data from forms
    name = request.form.get('name')
    age = request.form.get('age')
    phone = request.form.get('phone')
    email = request.form.get('email')
    
    # insert_one to create a new member using form data
    result = mongo.db.members.insert_one({'name': name, 'age': age, 'phone': phone, 'email': email, 'status': "active"})
    
    if result is not None:
        created_count = 1
        created_id = str(result.inserted_id)

    # 回傳新增資料的 id
    return jsonify({"created_count": created_count, "_id": created_id})

## 2. Update

@app.route('/member/<id>', methods = ['PUT'])
def update_member(id):
    result = 0

    # get data from forms
    name = request.form.get('name')
    age = request.form.get('age')
    phone = request.form.get('phone')
    email = request.form.get('email')
    status = request.form.get('status')

    new_val = { '$set': {"name": name, 'age': age, 'phone': phone, 'email': email, 'status': status} }

    update_result = mongo.db.members.update_one({"_id": ObjectId(id)}, new_val)

    if update_result is not None:
        result = update_result.modified_count

    return jsonify({"updated_count": result, '_id': id})

## 3. Delete

@app.route('/member/<id>', methods = ['DELETE'])
def delete_member(id):
    result = 0
    member = mongo.db.members.find_one({'_id': ObjectId(id)})
    
    if member is not None:
        id = ObjectId(member['_id'])
        delete_result = mongo.db.members.delete_one({'_id': id})
        result = delete_result.deleted_count

    return jsonify({"deleted_count": result, '_id': str(id)})

## 4. Read

@app.route('/members')
def get_all_members():
    members = mongo.db.members.find({})
    results = []

    for member in members:
        member['_id'] = str(member['_id'])
        results.append(member)

    return jsonify(results)


@app.route('/member/<id>', methods=["GET"])
def get_member(id=None):
    
    if id is None:
        return None

    else:
        try:
            oid = ObjectId(id)
        except:
            return Response("Invalid bson ObjectID: {}".format(id), status=400)

        result = mongo.db.members.find_one({'_id': oid})

        if result is not None:
            result['_id'] = str(result['_id'])
        
        return jsonify(result)

## 5. Test Code

import requests

base = "http://localhost:5000/member"

# Create a new test member
name = "Testy Tester"
age = 100
phone = "[phone]"
email = "[e-mail]"
update_age = 40
update_status = 'inactive'

data = {"name": name, "age": age, "phone": phone, "email": email}
r = requests.post("http://localhost:5000/members", data=data)

assert r.status_code == 200
assert r.json()['created_count'] == 1

id = r.json()['_id']

try:
    # get that member
    r = requests.get("{}/{}".format(base, id))
    assert r.status_code == 200
    assert r.json()['name'] == name

except:
    print("Get method error occured ... ")

try:
    # update that member
    data['age'] = update_age
    data['status'] = update_status

    r = requests.put("{}/{}".format(base, id), data=data)
    assert r.status_code == 200

except:
    print("PUT method error occured ... ")

try:
    r = requests.get("{}/{}".format(base, id))
    assert r.status_code == 200
    assert r.json()['age'] == str(update_age)
    assert r.json()['status'] == update_status

except:
    print("Get error on updated info occured ...\n")
    
# delete that member
r = requests.delete("{}/{}".format(base, id))
assert r.status_code == 200
assert r.json()['deleted_count'] == 1

r = requests.get("{}/{}".format(base, id))
assert r.status_code == 200
assert r.json() == None

## 6. Authentication using environment variables
Uses environment variable to authenticate Mongodb

export MONGO_USER=your_mongo_username
export MONGO_PWD=your_mongo_pwd
export DB_NAME=name_of_your_mongo_database

## 7. Flask app code

from flask import Flask, render_template, request
from flask_pymongo import PyMongo

from flask.json import jsonify
from bson.objectid import ObjectId

from urllib.parse import quote_plus

import os

# Get user and pwd from environment variables
username = os.environ['MONGO_USER']
pwd = os.environ['MONGO_PWD']
db_name = os.environ['DB_NAME']

# transform user and pwd to safty string with quote_plus
username = quote_plus(username)
pwd = quote_plus(pwd)
db_name = quote_plus(db_name)

app = Flask(__name__)
app.config["MONGO_URI"] = "mongodb://{}:{}@localhost:27017/{}".format(username, pwd, db_name)
mongo = PyMongo(app)


@app.route('/members', methods=['POST'])
def create_member():
    created_count = 0

    # Get data from forms
    name = request.form.get('name')
    age = request.form.get('age')
    phone = request.form.get('phone')
    email = request.form.get('email')
    
    # insert_one to create a new member using form data
    result = mongo.db.members.insert_one({'name': name, 'age': age, 'phone': phone, 'email': email, 'status': "active"})
    
    if result is not None:
        created_count = 1
        created_id = str(result.inserted_id)

    # 回傳新增資料的 id
    return jsonify({"created_count": created_count, "_id": created_id})


@app.route('/member/<id>', methods = ['PUT'])
def update_member(id):
    result = 0

    # get data from forms
    name = request.form.get('name')
    age = request.form.get('age')
    phone = request.form.get('phone')
    email = request.form.get('email')
    status = request.form.get('status')

    new_val = { '$set': {"name": name, 'age': age, 'phone': phone, 'email': email, 'status': status} }

    update_result = mongo.db.members.update_one({"_id": ObjectId(id)}, new_val)

    if update_result is not None:
        result = update_result.modified_count

    return jsonify({"updated_count": result, '_id': id})


@app.route('/member/<id>', methods = ['DELETE'])
def delete_member(id):
    result = 0
    member = mongo.db.members.find_one({'_id': ObjectId(id)})
    
    if member is not None:
        id = ObjectId(member['_id'])
        delete_result = mongo.db.members.delete_one({'_id': id})
        result = delete_result.deleted_count

    return jsonify({"deleted_count": result, '_id': str(id)})


@app.route('/members')
def get_all_members():
    members = mongo.db.members.find({})
    results = []

    for member in members:
        member['_id'] = str(member['_id'])
        results.append(member)

    return jsonify(results)


@app.route('/member/<id>', methods=["GET"])
def get_member(id=None):
    
    if id is None:
        return None

    else:
        try:
            oid = ObjectId(id)
        except:
            return Response("Invalid bson ObjectID: {}".format(id), status=400)

        result = mongo.db.members.find_one({'_id': oid})

        if result is not None:
            result['_id'] = str(result['_id'])
        
        return jsonify(result)
        

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run(debug=True, host='0.0.0.0')