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# 智能签名 2019 公开课 知乎上有人问 ["Facebook 创始人马克·扎克伯格最值得别人学习的是什么?"](https://www.zhihu.com/question/19777893/answer/106901273),排名 1、2 的两项回答,都是 "持续不断的学习能力"。 “夫子焉不学,而亦何常师之有?” 今天我也不得不拿着智能签名的设计稿,在四面八方到处请教,May 、Aaryn、各种谷歌前同事,腾讯阿里的产品经理同学,币圈 KOL,不一而足。在这个过程中,我也帮终于梳理清楚了很多思路和误区,现在把大家讨论最多的一个问题再此解答: ## 产品设计的形态 硅谷著名连续创业者和天使投资人 [David S. Rose](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_S._Rose),在他的 Ted 演讲[怎样说服风险投资者](https://open.163.com/movie/2015/5/R/F/MANS15LFR_MANTRQ9RF.html)中在举例应该学习如何演讲时,只用了 [Steve Jobs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_Jobs),并盛赞其为 This is the zen of presentation。 那么在学习产品设计时,我们当然要参考当代最成功的产品经理 —— 微信之父张小龙了。 在 [2019 微信公开课里长达 3 个小时的演讲](https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/54490834)中,张小龙详细的回顾了微信是如何从一款小众 app,做到 10 亿用户这一数量级的应用的历史,总结了微信团队的两个原动力。 > 第一,坚持做一个好的,与时俱进的工具 智能签名一开始的定位就是工具。在[初版的 Slide](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1LCv-fahfsUFt1u3_NkIjjygNZXVGIIzTJWA7WsUauxw/edit#slide=id.g34e1db0842_0_32) 中,我就把智能签名设计成 “帮助内容创作者取回自己被平台剥夺的劳动价值” 的工具。正是因为作为工具,所以我们不作承载文章内容的平台,所以我们将打赏的算法设计成可插拔的。 > 第二个原动力是,“让创造者体现价值” 对于智能签名,我们不仅“让创造者体现价值”,我们还要“让传播者体现价值”,再“为创造者创造价值”。 移动互联网的普及潜移默化的改变着人们的阅读习惯和生活方式。更多的读者是通过朋友圈的转发,来发现文章(甚至是商品)的。而这种转发,很大程度上就是你的好友替这篇文章所做的背书。而现今所有的内容创造平台,都只考虑了内容创作者的价值(打赏,点赞),但忽视了传播者在内容发现这个生态系统里的贡献。 ### Freedom Through Truth For Service “因真理,得自由,以服务” 是燕京大学的校训。我们可以以此杜撰一条智能签名的 Slogan:Thought Through Token For Discover。 (因“让传播者体现价值” 得“为创造者创造价值” 以“为读者发现价值”) - 为创作者创造价值(文章的收入,文章的传播) - 为传播者体现价值(转发既挖矿) - 为读者发现价值(智能签名的模式能否帮助沉淀好的内容,这个环节依然有待商榷) (什么,你还不了解目前的机制设计?请阅读 [智能签名打赏机制设计](https://hackmd.io/R4Gz9gVgTFiNzUJ4fhqJCA?both)) 演讲中,张小龙[再次](http://tech.qq.com/a/20161228/016787.htm?qqcom_pgv_from=aio)强调了作为一款工具是微信的初心,好的工具应该是像 Google 那样 “即用即走” 的。 而我们其实都知道,微信既做不了工具也无法为创作者体现价值。 微信为创作者产生的唯一价值正是她从用户哪里剥夺来的价值 —— 因为她为我们所筑的围墙花园,创作者无法离开微信而找到用户。 而其中的本质的原因,就是微信作为平台无法保持其自身的中立性(张小龙被质疑微信会不会为腾讯旗下的产品而打压竞争对手,当提及这一点是,连张小龙在演讲中都无法自圆其说)。 因为资本的逐利性,微信最终也会成为["盔甲下的囚徒"](http://www.shuizilong.com/house/archives/tipping-point-of-the-internet/)。(今天的微信已经有朋友圈广告,微信已经会打压竞争对手的信息的传播,支付宝、头条、抖音、多闪,tg,etcs。) (而实现了 Public Good、Blockchain Neutrality 以及 Tokenize 的原教旨 Dapp 是有机会打破这个牢笼的。请参考我的上一篇文章,[Is dapp a scam?](https://user.qzone.qq.com/251815992/blog/1549850978)) ## 无法长久的骗局 下面讨论大家最关心的一点,“智能签名是庞氏骗局吗”。回答这个问题之前,先让我们回答一个问题,比特币是庞氏骗局吗? “比特币当然是庞氏骗局了,史上最大的庞氏骗局。” 这样的观点最近已经越来越少见了,事实上[在维基百科中,认为金融泡沫与庞氏骗局有许多相似之处,而有一些核心的不同](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ponzi_scheme#Similar_scheme)。 其中最为核心的一个观点是,金融泡沫的背后有 Intrinsic Value 的支撑。在分布式资本所办的通证经济设计大赛中,我们之所以可以获得冠军,就是我们和 Tony Tao Share 一个共同的观点。庞氏并不总是骗局,而能否在泡沫破碎之后带来价值,是区别庞氏是不是骗局的核心因素。 例如,中本聪认为人性本恶,而比特币正是利用人性中的至恶,创造了人性中的至善。正是因为有比特币的开创新贡献,才会有今天山寨币百家争鸣的的局面,才会有今天的区块链产品。比特币将去中心化的理念深入了人心,进而启蒙了一个时代。 回到智能签名,首先与其说 “智能签名是庞氏骗局”,不如说,“智能签名是一个庞氏骗局生成器”(笑)。 首先,单个签名的传播就如同一篇文章的一样,一定是有尽头的,这取决与文章的质量,内容的时效性,作者的影响力,etcs.,如同一个注定会收敛的数学函数。但我们希望当这个价值收敛的时候,所产生的网状的 Token 的传播路径,就体现了这篇文章本身的价值,而这个价值,就是我们所追求的泡沫背后的 Intrinsic Value。 其次,智能签名也不像传统的资金盘那样只有割韭菜的机制,她并不是赌博。实际上是你为你的 “工作量证明”(转发)所递交的一种 “权益证明”(打赏金额)。 只要每个读者都理性投资,那么他们都能获得与裂变系数成正比例的回报,同时作者获得流量。而对于没有收回投资的读者,实际上也给作者递交了质押金,而让作者提前获得了这部分的回报,并且因为你的传播链接永远存在,永远都有新的韭菜可能会通过你的链接进来,从而让读者永远都有回本的希望。用户可以自己的 Contribution,为自己解套,这和现在古典的 Dapp 的体验也是极不相同的。 而这种解套的方式,正是古典 cx 里所使用的模式。但是同 cx 不同的是,最后 cx 路径收敛的时刻,就形成一篇文章的传播路径,通过这些在链上记录的公开数据,我们可以清晰的看到一篇文章的传播过程。和流量和注意力永远是互联网世界里最核心的价值。 ## 种子用户的选择 TODO ## 参考资料 [为什么投机是有益的](https://www.byvoid.com/zhs/blog/why-speculation-benefits)

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