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:::info 本文件連結:https://hackmd.io/PAdQKvB0TEeXy0oFhMjcVg 此為 2025 Vue3 前端新手營課程資料,相關資源僅授權給該課程學員。 ::: # 第五週:Vue Router 與 Todolist 全攻略 - 提醒老師錄影 ### 額外課程介紹: - JS 直播班:https://www.hexschool.com/courses/js-training.html - JS&React 直播班:https://www.hexschool.com/courses/js-react-training-2025.html ## 今日主要主題 - Router ### Router - 路由是什麼(路由表概念) ![image](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/rkuCwZQj0.png) ``` npm create vite@latest ``` - 路由結構配置 → 基本頁面結構配置 - 如何配置 router 檔案 - router-view - router-link 連結方式 ## 路由設定要點: 原本是使用 createWebHistory,當選擇此模式會使得無法部署至 GitHub Pages 如果有辦法調整 Server 環境,則可以參考此[文件](https://router.vuejs.org/zh/guide/essentials/history-mode.html#HTML5-%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F)的方法。 ```jsx import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from 'vue-router' const router = createRouter({ history: createWebHistory(import.meta.env.BASE_URL), ... }) ``` 如果要部署至 GitHub Pages,則可以建議換成 **createWebHashHistory** 的模式,`router/indexs.js`。 ```jsx import { createRouter, createWebHashHistory } from 'vue-router' const router = createRouter({ history: createWebHashHistory(import.meta.env.BASE_URL), ... }) ``` ## 路由基本手法 1. 開新頁面 XxxView.vue 2. 撰寫路由表 router/index.js 3. 提供連結方法 routerLink ## 常見路由結構 1. 基本路由 2. 巢狀路由 → 主要用為版型重複運用 - 巢狀路由 → 巢狀連結 router/index.js ```jsx { path: '/nest-router', component: () => import('../views/NestRouter.vue'), children: [ // ... ] } ``` vue file ```jsx <template> <h1>巢狀路由</h1> <RouterView /> </template> ``` 3. 動態路由(本次作業不會用到,但業界常見) - 動態路由 → 動態參數([範例網址](https://randomuser.me/api?seed=1)) router/index.js ```jsx { path: ':id', component: () => import('../views/DynamicRouter.vue') } ``` vue file ```jsx <script setup> import { useRoute } from 'vue-router' const route = useRoute() console.log('router:', route); const { id } = route.params; // 網址上的值 </script> ``` ## 路由方法與狀態 - 路由狀態 useRoute - [https://router.vuejs.org/zh/guide/essentials/dynamic-matching.html#响应路由参数的变化](https://router.vuejs.org/zh/guide/essentials/dynamic-matching.html#%E5%93%8D%E5%BA%94%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%B1%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96) ```jsx= // DynView.vue <template> <h1>編號:{{ id }}</h1> {{ person }} </template> <script setup> import { useRoute} from 'vue-router' import { ref,onMounted} from 'vue'; import axios from "axios" const route = useRoute() console.log('router:', route); const { id } = route.params; // 網址上的值 const person = ref("") console.log(person.value); onMounted(async () => { const data = await axios.get(`https://randomuser.me/api/?seed=${id}`); person.value = data.data.results[0]; }); </script> ``` - 路由方法 useRouter ## router.push 轉頁 ```jsx= import { useRoute,useRouter} from 'vue-router' const router = useRouter(); //router.push('/about'); ``` - 404 ```jsx { path: '/:pathMatch(.*)*', name: 'NotFound', component: NotFound }, ``` - default link ``` { path: '*', redirect: '/', }, ``` ## 定義自己的路由配置 1. 請先定好完整路由架構 2. 將路由配置對應所有頁面,開發順序: 1. 先開頁面檔案 2. 撰寫路由配置 3. 補上 router-link - 登入頁面 /login (不驗證) - 前端頁面 (需驗證) - todo ## 補充:pathMatch 404 頁面:https://router.vuejs.org/guide/essentials/dynamic-matching#Catch-all-404-Not-found-Route ## 最終任務: - 設計稿:https://www.figma.com/design/MFSk8P5jmmC2ns9V9YeCzM/TodoList?node-id=0-1&t=KzEgeE3s3r6JIPh6-1 - CSS 範例:https://codepen.io/hexschool/pen/qBzEMdm - 同時挑戰證書任務: - [最終挑戰 - Todolist 新手證書任務](https://rpg.hexschool.com/#/training/12062817613334763749/board/content/12062817613334763750_12062817613334763761?tid=12062817613343793193) - [最終挑戰 - Todolist API 整合證書任務](https://rpg.hexschool.com/#/training/12062817613334763749/board/content/12062817613334763750_12062817613334763761?tid=12062817613343793192) > 提醒: > 最終證書作業繳交截止日:9/7(日) 完課證書發送時間:9/26(五)前 影音觀看期限:直播錄影將為您保留半年,期限為 2026/03/31

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