Build riscv-gnu-toolchain (Updated 2025))

# Build riscv-gnu-toolchain This is a step-by-step tutorial for build gnu toolchain. - Tested on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS. - Recommended version for reproducibility: - riscv-gnu-toolchain: 2023.01.03 - Spike: 1.1.0 ## Step 0, Install packages needed ``` sudo apt install autoconf automake autotools-dev curl python3 libmpc-dev libmpfr-dev libgmp-dev gawk build-essential bison flex texinfo gperf libtool patchutils bc zlib1g-dev libexpat-dev ninja-build device-tree-compiler ``` ## Step 1, Clone from riscv-gnu-toolchain ``` git clone https://github.com/riscv/riscv-gnu-toolchain git checkout 2023.01.03 ``` ## Step 2, Create a installation dir and add it to PATH As an example, I put it under /opt/riscv : ``` sudo mkdir /opt/riscv ``` Add install dir to PATH, use vim as editor in this example: ``` sudo vim ~/.bashrc ``` Add: ``` export PATH=/opt/riscv/bin:$PATH ``` After editing ~/.bashrc, run: ``` source ~/.bashrc ``` ## Step 3, Generate Makefile according to target system ``` cd riscv-gnu-toolchain mkdir build cd build ../configure --prefix=/opt/riscv --with-arch=rv32im --with-abi=ilp32 ``` Prefix will be the install path in local machine (user defined). ### For RV32IM RTL simulation users ``` ../configure --prefix=/opt/riscv --with-arch=rv32imzicsr --with-abi=ilp32 --disable-gdb --disable-qemu ``` Details of the options: - rv32im**zicsr** - csr instructions moved to zicsr - disable gdb and qemu - to speed up if gdb and qemu are not needed - with-arch - with computer architecture, for riscv, it may be rv32i with submodules - with-abi - ABI(application binary interface) - depend on arch - interface between two binary program modules - size of int/long/pointer - ilp32 for example - 32bit int, long, pointer - 64bit long long - 8bit char - 16bit short - notice, ilp32 only supported for 32-bit target system ## Step 4, After makefile is done, build toolchain ``` sudo make (for bare-metal) sudo make linux (for linux) ``` ## Optional: Installing Spike (RISC-V ISA Simulator) If you want to run your binaries on Spike: ## Step X1, Clone and build spike ``` git clone https://github.com/riscv/riscv-isa-sim.git cd riscv-isa-sim git checkout v1.1.0 mkdir build cd build ../configure --prefix=/opt/riscv make sudo make install ``` Spike will be installed in /opt/riscv/bin/spike. ## Optional: Installing Proxy Kernel (pk) If you want to run bare-metal binaries on Spike using pk: ### Step X2, Clone and build riscv-pk ```bash git clone https://github.com/riscv/riscv-pk.git cd riscv-pk git checkout v1.0.0 mkdir build cd build ../configure --prefix=/home/yutung/RISCV-TOOLS/RV32IMZf --host=riscv32-unknown-elf --with-arch=rv32im_zicsr_zfinx make make install ``` pk Will be installed in: ``` /home/yutung/RISCV-TOOLS/RV32IMZf/riscv32-unknown-elf/bin/pk ``` ## More options To save time, there are some options may be disabled when configure - gdb - gnu debugger - ```--disable-gdb``` - qemu-system - open source simulator - ```--disable-qemu``` example ``` mkdir build cd build ../configure –-prefix=/opt/riscv --with-arch=rv32im --with-abi=ilp32 --disable-gdb --disable-qemu ``` ## For users with different ISA ### For cva6 users rv64gc supports rv64i with extensions a, m, f, d, g; gc means general purpose uses on 32 bits with support for compressed instructions. ``` mkdir build cd build ../configure --prefix=/opt/riscv --with-arch=rv64gc --with-abi=lp64d --enable-linux sudo make linux ``` ### For cv32a6 users cva6 include 2 configures, cv32a6 emphasize it as **32bit**. ``` mkdir build cd build ../configure --prefix=/opt/riscv --with-arch=rv32gc --with-abi=ilp32d --enable-linux sudo make linux ``` ### For RV32IMF users ``` mkdir build cd build ../configure --prefix=/opt/riscv --with-arch=rv32imf_zicsr --with-abi=ilp32f --disable-gdb --disable-qemu --enable-multilib sudo make ``` ### For RV32IMZfinx users ``` mkdir build cd build ../configure --prefix=/opt/riscv --with-arch=rv32im_zfinx_zicsr --with-abi=ilp32 --disable-gdb --disable-qemu --enable-multilib sudo make ``` Notice: with-abi=ilp32 ## More info ### How to verify the installation? use flag **-v** to check the configuration details: ``` riscv32-unknown-elf-gcc -v ``` ![](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/BJ58WPrPh.png) ### What is difference between newlib and glibc? - glibc - release by gnu - linux bottom api - unix protocol - newlib - open source c lib - light-weight - embedded system recommended ## Reference - [RISC-V Collaboration](https://github.com/riscv-collab) - [riscv-gnu-toolchain github](https://github.com/riscv/riscv-gnu-toolchain) - [explain riscv-gnu-toolchain](https://www.rvmcu.com/article-article-show-id-404.html) - [riscv extensions](https://gist.github.com/dominiksalvet/2a982235957012c51453139668e21fce) - [riscv-isa-sim (Spike)](https://github.com/riscv/riscv-isa-sim) ###### tags: `tutorials` `RISC-V` `toolchain`

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