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    --- ###### tags: `TypeScript` --- # 10/21 ## 登入功能撰寫 - 安裝 cookie-session `npm install cookie-session` ```javascript= // index.ts import cookieSession from "cookie-session" app.use(cookieSession({ name: 'session', keys: ['teacher dell'], maxAge: 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000 // 24 小時 })) // router.ts // 判斷是否登入 const isLogin = req.session ? req.session.login : false; // 展示資料 import fs from "fs"; import path from "path"; router.get("/showData", (req: RequestWithBody, res: Response) => { const isLogin = req.session ? req.session.login : false; if (!isLogin) { res.send("請登入後查看"); return; } try { const position = path.resolve(__dirname, "../data/course.json"); const result = fs.readFileSync(position, "utf-8"); res.json(JSON.parse(result)); } catch (e) { res.send(`尚未爬取到內容`); } }); ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/f8mpCyB.jpg) --- ### 定義統一結果:返回 json 格式 - 將確認登入邏輯抽離成中間件 ```javascript= const checkLogin = (req: Request, res: Response, next: NextFunction) => { const isLogin = req.session ? req.session.login : false; if (isLogin) { next(); } else { res.json(getResponseData(null, "請先登入")); } }; // ----- 獲取資料 ----- router.get("/getData", checkLogin, (req: BodyRequest, res: Response) => { //... } // ----- 展示資料 ----- router.get("/showData", checkLogin, (req: BodyRequest, res: Response) => { } ``` - 建立 utils 資料夾將 爬蟲功能移入 - 修改 Crawler 內的路徑 ```javascript= class Crawler { private filePath = path.resolve(__dirname, "../../data/course.json"); } ``` - 創建 util.ts 定義統一結果格式 ```javascript= interface Result { success: boolean; errMsg?: string; data: any; } export const getResponseData = (data: any, errMsg?: string): Result => { if (errMsg) { return { success: false, errMsg, data }; } return { success: true, data }; }; ``` ```javascript= // 在 router.ts 引用 import { getResponseData } from "./utils/util"; // 使用格式 res.json(getResponseData(true)); res.json(getResponseData(null, "請先登入")); res.json(getResponseData(false, "登入失敗")); ``` - 完成爬蟲 API 撰寫,但沒有使用介面通過class的形式 - ==並沒有發揮 TS 類的優勢,需使用裝飾器== ## 裝飾器 Decorator ( @ ) ### 類的裝飾器 - 裝飾器本身是一個函數 - 裝飾器接收的參數是構造函數 - 裝飾器透過 @ 符號來使用 ```javascript= // 工廠類型包裝 function testDecorator(flag: boolean) { if (flag) { return function (constructor: any) { constructor.prototype.getName = () => { console.log("testDecorator"); }; }; } else { return function (constructor: any) {}; } } @testDecorator(false) class Test {} const test = new Test(); (test as any).getName(); ``` ==問題:語法提示並不完善== - 透過泛型<T>改寫 ```typescript= // 這是一個函數,這個函數接收很多參數,參數的每一項都是 any 類型 // new 代表這是構造函數 new (...args: any[]) => any function testDecorator<T extends new (...args: any[]) => any>(constructor: T) { return class extends constructor { name = "lee"; }; } @testDecorator class Test { name: string; constructor(name: string) { this.name = name; } } const test = new Test("dell"); ``` - 工廠模式運用 ```typescript= function testDecorator() { return function <T extends new (...args: any[]) => any>(constructor: T) { return class extends constructor { name = "lee"; getName() { return this.name; } }; }; } const Test = testDecorator()( class { name: string; constructor(name: string) { this.name = name; } } ); const test = new Test("dell"); console.log(test.getName()); ``` ==這樣寫 getName() 就會有語法提示== (聽不是很懂) ### 方法的裝飾器 ```typescript= // 普通方法 target 對應的是類的 prototype // 靜態方法 target 對應的是類的構造函數 function getNameDecorator( target: any, key: string, // 可以對方法進行修改? descriptor: PropertyDescriptor ) { // descriptor.writable = false; descriptor.value = function () { return "descriptor"; }; } // 定義類的時候 就會對方法進行裝飾 class Test { name: string; constructor(name: string) { this.name = name; } @getNameDecorator getName() { return "123"; } } const test = new Test("dell"); console.log(test.getName()); // 會顯示 descriptor ``` ### 訪問器的裝飾器 ```typescript= function visitDecorator( target: any, key: string, descriptor: PropertyDescriptor ) { descriptor.writable = false; } // 定義類的時候 就會對方法進行裝飾 class Test { private _name: string; constructor(name: string) { this._name = name; } get name() { return this._name; } @visitDecorator set name(name: string) { this._name = name; } } const test = new Test("dell"); test.name = "12345678"; console.log(test.name); // 會報錯無法被修改 ``` ### 屬性裝飾器 ```typescript= // 修改的並不是實例上的 name,而是原型上的 name function nameDecorator(target: any, key: string): any { target[key] = "lee"; // 這樣改會放在 Test.prototype, "name" } // name 放在實例上 class Test { @nameDecorator name = "Dell"; // 實際上放在類的實例中 } const test = new Test(); console.log((test as any).__proto__.name); // 會先找 實例上的 name ```

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