Mao-Lin Wang
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    --- hackpadID: ypGaR7xT045 hackpadWorkspace: ncnu-opensource tags: hackpad-import, ncnu-opensource --- # 1041 Week 10 VCS 2015/11/19  * [Slide](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1-hyzhUS8YSUpqWKkqqms-ooJzahOL1-r4d-r00mwRZs/edit?usp=sharing) [](https://github.com/NCNU-OpenSource/1041-Github-Demo)https://github.com/NCNU-OpenSource/1041-Github-Demo github 新檔案上傳流程 1.git clone [http address] 2.將檔案放到clone後的資料夾 3.git add [file name] 4.git commit 5.git pull 6.git push 7.輸入帳密 8.done 指令 git clone [http address] git status :目前發生甚麼事 git diff 看你改了什麼 git add git commit 寫一個紀錄檔 git push :把檔案丟上去 (push之前要先pull到最新版本) git pull:把最新的檔案拉下來 git log git checkout git branch :在本機上新增一個分支 版本修改後的格式 add: -...... change: -..... bugfixed: -...... remove: -..... [](https://help.github.com/articles/set-up-git/)https://help.github.com/articles/set-up-git/ [](http://moodle.ncnu.edu.tw/course/view.php?id=26339)http://moodle.ncnu.edu.tw/course/view.php?id=26339 ftp有兩種運作模式,一個是 active (主動) 一個是 passive (被動) 用來傳遞客戶端與伺服器之間的命令,一般設在 port 21命令通訊埠(Command Port) 真正用來傳遞資料的,一般都設在 port 20資料通訊埠(Data Port),Port 20 只會用在主動模式下 **Gmail IMAP, SMTP, POP3 設定值** 發表於 [2010 年 09 月 13 日](http://blog.longwin.com.tw/2010/09/google-gmail-set-value-2010/) 由 [Tsung](http://blog.longwin.com.tw/author/jon/) Google Gmail 得 IMAP, SMTP, POP3 得設定值, 整理如下: IMAP * imap.gmail.com * Port: 993 * Use SSL: Yes SMTP * smtp.gmail.com * Port for TLS/STARTTLS: 587 * Port for SSL: 465 POP3 * pop.gmail.com * Port: 995 * Use SSL: Yes **NetWork 問題:** IP design FW Rules Routing iptables ( 用來過濾封包 )  -A -s 0.0.0.0/0 (eth2)  -d 1.2.3.4/28 (eth1)  -j accept * -AI 鏈名:針對某的鏈進行規則的 "插入" 或 "累加" * -A :新增加一條規則,該規則增加在原本規則的最後面。例如原本已經有四條規則, * 使用 -A 就可以加上第五條規則! * -I :插入一條規則。如果沒有指定此規則的順序,預設是插入變成第一條規則。 * 例如原本有四條規則,使用 -I 則該規則變成第一條,而原本四條變成 2~5 號 * 鏈 :有 INPUT, OUTPUT, FORWARD 等,此鏈名稱又與 -io 有關,請看底下。 * -io 網路介面:設定封包進出的介面規範 * -i :封包所進入的那個網路介面,例如 eth0, lo 等介面。需與 INPUT 鏈配合; * -o :封包所傳出的那個網路介面,需與 OUTPUT 鏈配合; * -p 協定:設定此規則適用於哪種封包格式 * 主要的封包格式有: tcp, udp, icmp 及 all 。 * -s 來源 IP/網域:設定此規則之封包的來源項目,可指定單純的 IP 或包括網域,例如: * IP  :192.168.0.100 * 網域:192.168.0.0/24, 192.168.0.0/255.255.255.0 均可。 * 若規範為『不許』時,則加上 ! 即可,例如: * -s ! 192.168.100.0/24 表示不許 192.168.100.0/24 之封包來源; * -d 目標 IP/網域:同 -s ,只不過這裡指的是目標的 IP 或網域。 * -j :後面接動作,主要的動作有接受(ACCEPT)、丟棄(DROP)、拒絕(REJECT)及記錄(LOG)  參考網站  :  [](http://linux.vbird.org/linux_server/0250simple_firewall.php#netfilter_syntax)http://linux.vbird.org/linux_server/0250simple_firewall.php#netfilter_syntax * ip=1.2.3.4/32 * network = 1.2.3.0/24 ![](https://hackpad-attachments.s3.amazonaws.com/ncnu-opensource.hackpad.com_ypGaR7xT045_p.470593_1447906255011_IMG_20151119_120900.jpg) public ip  and privite ip [](http://bravo6608.pixnet.net/blog/post/3536022-public-ip-%E8%88%87-private-ip)http://bravo6608.pixnet.net/blog/post/3536022-public-ip-%E8%88%87-private-ip **主動式 FTP** FTP 伺服器開啟 port 21 接受來自外部任意通訊埠的連線(由用戶端要求建立連線)  FTP 伺服器使用 port 21 連線到外部任一大於 1023 的通訊埠(回應用戶端的命令埠)  FTP 伺服器使用 port 20 連線到外部任一大於 1023 的通訊埠(伺服器主動建立資料連線)  FTP 伺服器開啟 port 20 接受來自外部任一大於 1023 的通訊埠連線 (用戶端回覆伺服器資料連線)  ![](https://hackpad-attachments.s3.amazonaws.com/ncnu-opensource.hackpad.com_ypGaR7xT045_p.475553_1448182226947_undefined) **被動式 FTP (PASV)** FTP 伺服器開啟 port 21 接受來自外部任意通訊埠的連線(由用戶端要求建立連線)  FTP 伺服器使用 port 21 連線到外部任一大於 1023 的通訊埠(回應用戶端的命令埠)  FTP 伺服器開啟一個大於 1023 的通訊埠,接受來自外部任一大於 1023 的通訊埠連線 (用戶端與伺服器建立資料連線)  FTP 伺服器使用一個大於 1023 的通訊埠,連線到外部任一大於 1023 的通訊埠(伺服器回復資料給用戶端)  ![](https://hackpad-attachments.s3.amazonaws.com/ncnu-opensource.hackpad.com_ypGaR7xT045_p.475553_1448182243950_undefined) passwd&shadow檔案: [](http://blog.xuite.net/m740138.m740138/blog/23976669-passwd%E8%88%87shadow%E6%AA%94%E6%A1%88%E6%AC%84%E4%BD%8D%E8%AA%AA%E6%98%8E)http://blog.xuite.net/m740138.m740138/blog/23976669-passwd%E8%88%87shadow%E6%AA%94%E6%A1%88%E6%AC%84%E4%BD%8D%E8%AA%AA%E6%98%8E

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