Chun Yan Liu
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    # IANA Transition 吳國維 台灣在多方利益治理機制實力的省思 ## ICCAN 講解運作。 全世界最古老 root server a-m ICCAN 擁有:m root server 只做一件事 告訴他 TLD 去哪找 最基礎 Internet 在走的。 root server 的 mirror site 大約有一千多台。 沒有人攻的破太多 台灣有幾台 root server ? 1台 在中華電信 如果台灣的被打掉該怎辦? 未來traffic 都得轉到國外去。 影響是什麼? Internet 就會 slow down, 所以我們的資安辦公室成立的10幾年 全部的科技政委都在鬼混。(望著唐鳳) 唐鳳:我是數位政委 去年他們去攻:DYN 有哪一個公司可以買600gb 的頻寬讓人攻擊? 不要懷疑明年攻擊一定超過 1tb 1萬個bot 200美金就解決了 回來根本問題: DNS root server IP Domain Name 誰管這三個東西「IANA」 蕭景燈 可以記200個IP address Jon Postel 發明 DNS ## 網路治理 網路治理的三個最重要的事情: Accountability Transparency Policy Development Process (遊戲規則) ICCAN 有158的政府代表要和他們開會 第一次去開會的都會問:憑什麼ip妳們開放 我在當了六年半、沒有得逃避的 Any person can ask any question 當沒有公權力最重要的一件事就是 transparency 中華民國政府的開放政府 policy 根本沒有「透明」,你要怎麼贏得我的 accountabilty 。 我為什麼要相信你? Policy development process,做事前先把遊戲規則講清楚。 只要是有利益相關者就必須要利益迴避 ## IANA [RFC 1083](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1083) 1988 12月 [RFC 1174](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1174) 他很多不一定是技術、很多是process、告訴你該要怎做 V. Cerf 1990 年想要擴大全球去。 1995 NSF 授權 NSI 以一個 domain 50 USD/y 來註冊 .cc 免費,保留特定 domain 賣錢,為什麼可以? 台灣數位經濟沒有討論過 Domain Name 的經濟價值 中國這個產業玩得多大 TWNIC應該把它關掉對台灣的網路發展比較有益 去年 ICCAN 標售一個 TLD : shop google 標下 ## IANA History ## DNS 戰爭 1998 歐盟抗議網路的根源在美國,要求搬到日內瓦共管 ICCAN 沒有一個洲(五大洲)董事比例可以超過1/4 1999 IETF 與 ICANN 簽合約,RFC 2860 2000 DOC(美國商業部)授權 ICCAN Operate IANA 2013 要求交出來 ## Resoinsibilities 壟斷誰和你說是壞的? 只有沒有良好管理的地方才是壞的。 重點是「你有沒有管理」 五個 RIR 多少錢一共收到的錢 5000萬美金左右 假設你把她分出去會更便宜嗎? ICANN 一年收入1000萬美金 一級主管的薪水,必須都要公告 Time zone database 你知道歐洲為什麼要打自己的 GPS 麻? 蘇俄為什麼也要自己打? 他說:現在所有的武器都用 GPS 在導 Timezone 是 不要小看 今年多了一秒,那就要馬上去條 {%youtube dvaQqDmnuCw %} ## Multi-stakeholders {%youtube IJY5xJKPhjA %} Unique 很難達到? ip 會不會同時使用 數位國土 圈起來IP就隨便用了,很恐怖 網路界有沒有解決方案? [RPKI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Public_Key_Infrastructure) 確認你的 ip 是合法、被授權的。 如果中國都拿所有台灣的ip過去,亂指一通,會發生什麼事情?沒有人知道 誰告訴你理事長一定可以當代表 任人都有權利說他要當候選人 ICCAN 董事會在開的時候 staff 不能在裡面 裡面董事 20 人 chair 說好每一個人的講話時間。 輪完還有時間才換你 沒有人可以壟斷時間。 IANA 在轉移的時候 伊朗代表本來很討厭他 但是他的議事規則 讓我佩服他 ## GNSO Policy Development Process (PDP) http://gnso.icann.org/en/node/31379/ http://gnso.icann.org/files/gnso/images/pdp-1500x920-02feb16-en.png 法官管的不是可不可以而是「符不符合你們的權限」。 https://icannwiki.com/Multistakeholder_Model 人權團體要求 ICCAN 簽人權宣言 ICCAN 只授權 gTLD 什麼地方和人權有關? http://www.picisoc.org/icann/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/ICANN-MultistakeholderModel.png ICANN 有聯合國的問題,又沒有公權力,因此透過許多機制,構成 accountability ## Transition Requiremnets set by NTIA ![](http://image.slidesharecdn.com/day2-bobochieng-icann-ianatransition-150423032035-conversion-gate01/95/day-2-bob-ochieng-icann-iana-transition-6-638.jpg?cb=1429761974) - support and enhance multistackholder model - maintain the security sstability and resiliency of the internet dns - meet the needs and expectations of the global customers and partners of the IANA services - maintain the openness of the internet ### IANA 轉移平行程序 - IANA Stewardship Transition - IANA 自美國政府轉出 - Enhancing ICANN Accountability - 確認要爭取的 ICANN 的 Accountability ![](http://image.slidesharecdn.com/zicannpresdnsbusiness-accra20160519-160520140906/95/z-icann-presdnsbusinessaccra20160519-13-638.jpg?cb=1463753610) ![]( http://image.slidesharecdn.com/day2-bobochieng-icann-ianatransition-150423032035-conversion-gate01/95/day-2-bob-ochieng-icann-iana-transition-10-638.jpg?cb=1429761974) ![]( https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/assets/coordination-group-composition-2157x2416-1220pst-06jun14-en.png) # Q&A ## 還有哪些國際組織是 multistackholder 模式 600 多場開 CWG 的會議 聯合國 IGF WEF 現在很多歐盟的會議也都走這個 model 美國政府也開始有這種 接受的理由吳覺得原因:網路是很複雜的問題, 對網路是傷害不是好處 我們老喜歡說,外商只要繳稅就沒有問題 Amazon 在台灣繳稅了沒? 和我說「繳稅」 他是沒有國界 你真的和他惡搞,對他有什麼辦法 台灣自己第三方支付搞成這種鬼樣子 最大獲利者是誰 「支付寶」 張善政要看詹宏志,要銀行公會去設,把你掐死 你至少也給網路界一個版本,哪個是金管會主委的事情 可是你是副院長耶 談網路的事情:機制要合理化 講到 Uber 如果我會把全部的 model 攤出來。 返回的問題 政府不應該和一家公司對幹 我不再說的法律對或者不對,而是他的 Process 非 .tw 的 domain 數目,.tw 的有 50 萬,非 .tw 的有多少?絕對超過兩倍,但是我們沒有 database 因為沒有人 care 台灣的資料流的流法?有沒有走到國外去? 你沒有 Database 就沒有辦法管。 但網路上太多東西會跨國。 一開始講 DNS root server 兩三家第一類電信居然沒有 DNS,只管他有一百億,不管她技術程度 從三年前開始 google 提供 8.8.8.8,在台灣佔 resolve 超過 38% 那天和吳振洲(?)在台南 關鍵資訊基礎建設絕對不是中油、台電。 我反對用「查核」 談國家基礎建設 8.8.8.8 一定要和他坐下來談。 所有處理 Policy 都要想這些問題。 唐鳳處理 Process 遇到哪些問題呢? Stackholder 不容易訂,大家觀點有滿慢具備,但要怎做好 不要找「絕對答案」 而是「最佳解決的方案」 ## ICANN 兩個災難 1. 五月上任六月想 fire 他的, CEO 2. 後來嚴格執行董事長 new tGLD 跑去當董事。他紐西蘭出來律師,他知道怎玩這個遊戲,通過長長開到半夜三點半,所有董事不管你在哪裡任職、當董事、理事股票超過多少都必須列出清單,討論議題,律師一個一個問你有沒有 ## Domain 的販售收益要怎被應用 8000萬常態發花費。 新出來的2億收入有一部分要放到基金 GOdaddy 佔了 38% GoDaddy 真的賺錢的事他的 雲端 service 。 台灣的科專計畫都在追求熱門的名詞 從來沒有檢討過我們的機會、角色 假設我是投資者,google 做了我就不做 口袋夠深,雲端還沒有結果就跑了一個大數據,為什麼要和開放資料跑再一起,怎會和別人要資料, 你以為你身上沒有大數據嗎?看手機 你自己就可以生產一堆大數據,很多狀況,去拿別人的資料你要幹嘛? 我從來不認為這兩個綁在一起,

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