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    --- tags: 電路學 --- # 電路學 直流電路 第四章 電路定理 ## 一、線性特性 ### 線性電路是輸入輸出成線性相關(或成正比)的電路到它的。 ## 二、疊加 ### 疊加原理的步驟: #### 一次考慮一個獨立來源,而所有其他獨立來源都被關閉。 #### (我們用短路替換每個電壓源,用開路替換每個電流源) 可運用在後面戴維寧定理。 ## 三、源轉換 ### 電壓源串聯電阻轉換成電流源並聯電阻 ![](https://i.imgur.com/Vx905M6.jpg) ## 四、戴維寧定理(Thevenin's theorem) ### 線性兩端電路可以用電壓源 V~Th~ 與電阻器 R~Th~ 串聯組成的等效電路代替, ### CASE 1 #### 如果網絡沒有依賴源,我們關閉所有獨立來源。 R~Th~ 是網絡的輸入電阻端子a和b之間。 ![](https://i.imgur.com/u5dAU68.jpg) ### CASE 2 #### 如果網絡有依賴源,我們關閉所有獨立源。 ![](https://i.imgur.com/waNY4fV.jpg) #### 疊加完即可化簡完電路 ## 五、諾頓定理 ### (一)定義 #### 在複雜的線性網路中,任意兩端點看進去的電路,均可以化簡為一電流元並聯一電阻的等效電路,其中電流源I~n~又稱為諾頓等校電流,電阻R~n~又稱為諾頓等效電組 #### 戴維寧定理為電壓源串聯電阻的簡化電路 #### 諾頓定理為電流源並聯電阻的簡化電路 #### 可以先使用戴維寧簡化電路後,使用源轉換將電壓源串聯電阻,更改成電流源並聯電阻,轉換成諾頓簡化電路。 ## 六、最大功率傳輸 ### (一)當負載電阻變大時,最大功率傳遞給負載 = 從負載看到的戴維寧等校電阻 (RL = RTh)。 ### (二)公式 ![](https://i.imgur.com/rTBl96w.jpg) ### (三)推導 ![](https://i.imgur.com/bGaqRrK.jpg)

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