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    # Ableton Live Note #5 ###### tags: `Music` 本次重點: ==Compressor 特論== 使用 compressor 把太大聲的變小聲,把太小聲的變大聲 Compressor 功能 1. 縮小動態範圍(Dynamic Range) 2. 改變音色(Timbre) ## Compressor 的參數功能解說 1. Threshold 壓縮門檻 * 設定 compressor 開始作用的 db * 當音量超過設定的 threshod compressor 才會開始壓縮 2. Ratio 壓縮比例 * compressor "有作用"的比例: * 如果設定 ==1:1== 時,compressor ==不會有作用== * 如果設定 ==2:1== 時,超出 threshold 的音量,compressor 會把超過部分的音量砍掉一半 * 如果設定 ==4:1== 時,超出 threshold 的音量,compressor 會把超過部分的音量 x 0.25 * 壓縮 "鼓" 建議 4:1 ~ 8:1 * 壓縮 "Vocal" 建議 2:1 ~ 4:! * 壓縮 "整首歌" 建議 2:1 * 這個作用跟 DJ 混音機上的 fader 功能一樣 :::info 假設超出門檻值音量 **10db** -> 經過 compressor ratio **4:1** 的作用下,只剩 **2.5db** 會留下 ::: :::info 如果想要把超過的部分**完全**砍掉,請使用 **Limiter** ::: ----- 3. Attack 起音 * Compressor 從**開始壓縮**,到**壓縮後**之間的==時間差== * 關於這個參數**常見誤解** -> 錯誤概念: 一個聲音突破 threshold 之後,compressor 過了多少時間才會開始砍音量 (X) --> ==Compressor 會立即處理超出 threshold 的音量== 4. Release 釋音 * Compressor 從**開始釋放壓縮**,到**釋放後**之間的==時間差== :::success * Attack 跟 Release 是控制砍音量的**砍**的速度 * Attack 跟 Release 搭配可以改變鼓的音色 * 想要讓鼓更有 punch 首選作法是換一個鼓,其次的招數才是用 compressor 來調整 ::: ----- 5. Makeup 音量補償 * 使用 compressor 會讓音量變小,透過 Makeup 可以自動把壓縮後消失的音量補回來,方便使用者比較壓縮前後的音色 * 建議不使用這個功能,改以設定 Out (output 音量來達到相同效果) 6. Knee * Hard Knee: 音量到達 Threshold 時,compressor 才壓縮,這樣會使得音量有 punch 適合用在鼓 * Soft Knee: 音量**即將**到達 Threshold 時,compressor 就在壓縮了,適用在 vocal 7. Dry/Wet: 控制使用 compressor 的比例: * 如果是 100% 那就是超過 threshold 的音量當中 100% 使用 compressor 壓縮 * 如果是 50% 那就是超過 threshold 的音量當中 50% 使用 compressor 壓縮 * 如果是 0% 那就是超過 threshold 的音量當中 0% 使用 compressor 壓縮,等同沒使用 compressor ### Downward compression V.S. Upward compression :::info 向下壓縮 v.s 向上壓縮 * 向下壓縮: 當音量高於 threshold 時,使用 compressor 壓縮 * 向上壓縮: 當音量低於 threshold 時,使用 compressor 增加音量 ::: ### Side Chain Compression "側鏈壓縮" 當電子音樂當中 "鼓" 是老大 Step 1: 開兩個軌道,一個是放大鼓,另一個放貝斯 Step 2: 把 compressor 放在貝斯上 當我們使用 sidechain 功能時,把 audio input 訊號設定在 kick 上 ![](https://i.imgur.com/AoNuBve.png) 這樣的效果下,當大鼓kick打下去的時候,Bass 軌道的 compressor 就會起作用壓縮 Bass 音量,達到瞬間漸弱避開大鼓的效果 推坑時間: * Xfer Records - LFOtool 這個 tool 可以透過畫曲線並設定要控制的參數達到更靈活的控制 --> 可以用來取代 Compressor LFO = Low Frequency Oscillator LFO Tool 參數 - depth 設定使用 LFO tool 的比例 建議設定 70 (代表 70% 使用 LFOtool) - SPLIT 開關打開 控制下面的 freq 值後 - 打開 LP = Low process 針對多少頻率(freq)以下才會作用 - 打開 HP = High process 針對多少頻率(freq)以上才會作用

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