黃少呈
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    2016q3 Homework3 (software-pipeline) === contribute by <`shouchengH`> # 程式碼解說 * __m128i * _mm_loadu_si128 * _mm_unpacklo_epi32 * _mm_prefetch(char *ptr,int hint) -> 可以提前載入CPU等下會使用的資料,因為是Hint(暗示),所以 * _MM_HINT_NTA : 載入離CPU最近的 Cache * _MM_HINT_T0 : 可載入所有cache * _MM_HINT_T1 : 除了L1 cache,皆可以載入 * _MM_HINT_T2 : 除了L1、L2 cache,皆可以載入 # 電腦配備 `$dmidecode -t cache` * L1 Cache (data) * 128kb * write back mode * 8-way Set-associative * L1 Cache (Insturction) * 128kb * write back mode * 8-way Set-associative * L2 Cache * 1024KB * write back mode * 4-way Set-associative * L3 Cache * 8192KB * write back mode * 16-way Set-associative # Prefetch ## 硬體 * 在 Intel’s Nehalem 和 AMD’s K10 (Barcelona) 的CPU裡 cache 分為L1、L2、L3,L1和L2在各個核心裡面, L3 則是共用的,因為L3採用Fully Associative Mapping,沒有index,cache有空位則填滿,類似一個pool的概念 * 硬體的prefetch,設一個buffer,當發生cache miss時,同時把緊接著的資料一起載入buffer,但不是所以資料都是連續抓取的,這時需要**預測**,紀錄每次存取資料相隔多大 ## 軟體 * Programmer利用程式預先載入需要的資料到Cache # 結果 sse prefetch: 68552 us -> 13,380,525 cache-misses # 74.142 % of all cache refs 18,047,211 cache-references 1,795,979,158 instructions # 1.96 insns per cycle 915,338,879 cycles 0.246494337 seconds time elapsed sse: 122096 us -> 18,012,123 cache-misses # 79.282 % of all cache refs 22,719,025 cache-references 1,754,099,751 instructions # 1.57 insns per cycle 1,118,384,968 cycles 0.299028596 seconds time elapsed naive: 234360 us -> 39,581,677 cache-misses # 85.203 % of all cache refs 46,455,831 cache-references 1,941,440,008 instructions # 1.21 insns per cycle 1,598,990,101 cycles 0.423770025 seconds time elapsed # Reference * [SSE介紹](https://www.csie.ntu.edu.tw/~r89004/hive/sse/page_1.html)

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