Sean Yeh
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    ###### tags: `六角筆記王` 暸解HTML語法從這裡開始--關於HTML === # 什麼是HTML HTML(HyperText Markup Language)是一種超文件標記語言,主要的用途就是製作網頁。它的發展歷史可以追溯至1990年代,由隸屬於歐洲核子研究機構(CERN)的提姆·柏內茲-李(Tim Berners-Lee )開發而成。中間經過陸續登場的Mosaic、Netscape Navigator 以及 Internet Explorer等瀏覽器,讓網際網路(World Wide Web)在一般使用者間迅速變得普及。 # 為何要暸解HTML語法 在早期撥接的時代,想要擁有一個自己的網站來抒發情感或者是想要像朋友炫技,都需要自己想辦法透過HTML來打造一個「烘培雞」(Home Page)。這時候,是不可能不需要理解HTML語法的。但是到了現代,網路上各式各樣的部落格服務、架站CMS的出現,輕輕鬆鬆地只要設定幾下,就可以出現一個個人網頁。在這樣的狀況下,是否還需要再去理解這些HTML語法? 這個問題的答案見仁見智,就像是汽車一樣,如果你買車的目的只是要代步,大概不需要暸解汽車的引擎、水箱、齒輪等等的構造吧。可是,若你想要有一部與眾不同的汽車,想辦法改裝是不可避免的,這時候你需要懂的知識應該就要比前者要多一些,不是嗎? 同理,如果你是下面這兩種人士,那麼理解HTML語法對您來說應該還是有價值的。 網頁設計師、前端工程師 雖然市面上有很多架站CMS機器,但是對於中大型的企業來說,還是希望有一個可以依照自己想法完成的官方網站。此外,企業要在網路上辦活動的話,除了使用社群媒體外,也沒有什麼適合的架站機器可以「剛好」做出企業想要的活動網站。因此,網頁設計師與前端工程師就扮演了網站創造者的角色。 其中網頁設計師需要透過對HTML語法的理解,將WireFrame上面的構想與設計稿,像庖丁解牛一般的一塊塊分析後,再完完整整用HTML與CSS,將紙上的畫面呈現在瀏覽器的頁面上。 前端工程師,則需要將設計師做好的頁面,經過再次的分析,將相同或者是類似的部分抽象出來,做成一個個可以重複使用的元件,用以增加網頁的重複利用性以及維護的便利性。並且還要像國文老師批改作文一般的分析看看以上的HTML語法是否有多餘的div標籤?使用的標籤是否有意義?是否可以更精簡?是否可以讓網站下載的速度加快?是否符合無障礙accessibility的標準? # 數據科學家 到了這個世紀,最性感的職業可能就屬數據科學家(Data Scientist)了。 [哈佛商業評論](https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=43110) 不過,在優雅的進行數據分析之前,數據科學家仍免不了需要把手弄髒,在網路上到處爬取各種素材回來進行分析。 當使用工具爬取網站上的資訊時,如果不知道HTML語法結構的話,將會事半功倍。因此,在這個時候就需要對HTML語法有相當的理解與掌握。 萬丈高樓平地起,要理解HTML語法,最好是從最最基礎的HTML元素開始。

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