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    # carePlan for PHR ## 醫療與照護系統資訊整合需求 - 現行醫療主要在醫院端施行,但許多護理及保健是在家裡(或照護機構)進行,需要**醫院端及居家端(或照護端)系統整合**,方能提供更完善的醫療照護 - 醫護端可提出[護理計畫](https://nurseslabs.com/nursing-care-plans/): 描述病人現況(如糖尿病或高血壓現況)、預期目標(goal:如減重,降血壓等)、及預定的處置行動(action:藥物處方、運動及飲食建議等) -- 可產生標準規格之 FHIR carePlan ,將護理計畫延伸到院外,方便照護端及民眾端配合施行 - 民眾端(或照護端) 紀錄施行結果、並反應問題狀況 - 醫院端及照護端系統整合,**可即時反應及處理病人問題狀況**,提進行更精確、更及時的照護 ## 醫資系統現況及問題 - 目前醫院端、照護端、居家端皆有資訊系統,但大多未依據醫資標準開發系統,健康醫療資訊跨系統互通困難 - 許多慢病(含癌症)需醫院端、照護端、居家端的整合醫護及保健 -- 需要跨單位、跨系統資訊整合應用 -- 需要醫病雙向互動 -- 若無資訊整合: --- 將影響協同照護的便利性 --- 可能造成醫護資源浪費 --- 難以對醫療照護成效進行整體評估 ## 需標準化的系統 - 搭配醫護端標準化(EMR)、民眾端(PHR) ,建立標準化照護計畫、醫護紀錄、及評估指標 - 可發展[統一的 PHR 及 EMR 整合架構](https://hackmd.io/HVQjNG8YTdyV6auP7isLmQ?view#Tel-Healthcare) -- 標準化伺服器: EMR、PHR、病歷與健康紀錄索引 --- 不少雲端廠商有興趣 -- 民眾及醫護人員之 client app: 專業部門電子病歷(如 RT EMR)、個案管理系統(**分醫護專業、社福專業之系統**)、民眾 PHR 、病友社群等 - 互通情境概述 -- 醫院端產生之病歷、處方、及護理計畫可上傳到 EMR 伺服器,並授權民眾調閱 -- 民眾之健康醫療紀錄上傳到 PHR ,並授權醫護人員存取 -- 產生處置(如運動或復健紀錄:procedure)及用藥(medicationAdministration)、生理量測(observation)、以及發生的問題狀況(condition) -- 民眾可授權社工或志工存取其就醫或照護需求資訊,並反映其需協助事宜,如協助照護、交通、補助等 - 可使用 FHIR resurces 紀錄病歷、處方、護理計畫、處置及用藥、運動飲食、檢測數值、發生的問題狀況、支付及申報等 -- 搭配各式應用情境,確立細部規格。 需確立各系統會產生哪些資訊,哪些資訊會跨系統互通 ## [FHIR carePlan resource 概述](https://www.hl7.org/fhir/careplan.html) -利於在各式護理情境,標準化照護所需處理資訊,例如: -- CarePlan.supportingInfo : 此照護計畫基於哪些資訊產生,如合併症、近期處置、近期臆斷等 -- CarePlan.instantiatesCanonical : 參考之護理指引(guideline)或規範程序(protocol) -- CarePlan.activity : 描述預定進行事項,如衛教、檢查、用藥、運動等 -- CarePlan.goal : 希望達成的照護目標 -- CarePlan.careTeam : 參與此計畫的團隊與成員 ## [MI standard adoption processes](https://hackmd.io/SrsENDdVS62LeVwbrgKrsQ?view) ## FHIR carePlan for PHR 應用情境 - 孕婦及幼兒保健 - [癌病病人](https://hackmd.io/I7T2PcbNQNiGI5sXaMW3Nw?both#carePlan-for-cancer) - 復健 - 慢病及健康促進 -- [Obesity](https://nurseslabs.com/4-obesity-nursing-care-plans/) - 病人居家之術前準備及術後照護 ## carePlan for cancer - lung cancer carePlan:[1](https://nurseslabs.com/5-lung-cancer-nursing-care-plans/)、[2](https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/medical-surgical-nursing-notes/lung-cancer/) - FHIR EMRs: [RT](https://hackmd.io/2qTm2JOmRomv5Xui5k_ajA?view)- - [大病產生的經濟壓力](https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/managing-care/track-care-costs/financial-toxicity-pdq) ## Precision healthcare - 健康醫療資訊收集的需求 :現行居家端、照護端、醫療端資訊並未整合。對許多疾病,僅有醫療端資訊,但為完整收集民眾居家醫療保健,以及居家之生理量測及問題狀況資訊,則無法評估醫療的成效,例如: -- 用藥後,每個人的生理反應及問題狀況皆不相同 -- 除了用藥,病人健康狀況與日常作息、運動、飲食息息相關 - 需基於醫資標準,醫療 EMR 及照護端 PHR 整合應用 -- 以達成更即時、更周全的個人化照護 -- 利於收集完整之標準化、個人化健康醫療資訊,利於統計與分析,以利後續精準醫療、個人化醫療施行 - 初步互通資訊 -- 標準化醫院檢查與處置資訊(EMR 收集的資料),包含處方、處置及用藥紀錄、檢測與診斷紀錄` -- 標準化個人健康照護資訊(PHR 收集的資料),包含居家生理監測、問題狀況、運動飲食用藥紀錄

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