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    ###### tags: `HPCAI` # Example and QA ## Example ![](https://i.imgur.com/LySyCNy.png) - ATPase - 80000 particles - 傳遞細胞能量的蛋白質 - 我們可以輕易的在模擬中旋轉它 - 旋轉的速度取決於我們模擬的基質 --- ![](https://i.imgur.com/0HFngPH.png) - viral genome and capsid protein of dengue - 紅色是基因物質 - 黑色是外殼 - 切線部份是蛋白質 --- ![](https://i.imgur.com/MKKzXFQ.png) - innate immune Receptor TLR4 - 人類免疫系統受體 --- ![](https://i.imgur.com/MEZnv7P.png) ![](https://i.imgur.com/mJESP8T.png) - DNA 在進行分裂的時後負責把姊妹染色體連結在一起的蛋白 ## Q&A - 如果我沒有專利的晶體結構或蛋白質結構,那我還是可以用 gromacs 模擬、優化想要的結果嗎? - YES - gromacs 可以利用同源的蛋白質當成模板進行模擬 - 越相似蛋白質,可以獲得越準確的模擬節果 - 這些東西被定義在 gromacs header 檔裡頭,可能是一個優化的地方 - 如果深入去看的話可以發現 SIMD 、 cuda.. 在這的實做方法 - gromacs 就像一個 loadbalencer 會分配 load 給不同的 domain ,每個 domain 之間計算量不會相差太大 - 如果相差超過 2% 有高機率是 gromacs 的 node 在試圖 scaling domain 的大小 - 計算量不會相差太大的原因 - 因為 domain 的大小差不多 - 溶液、蛋白質密度通常不會差太多,不容易波動 - 把 domain 切分成的 box 或 box 通常大小一致 - loadbalence 流程 1. 假設我們現在有 8、9 個 node,我們每個 node 都把它分成兩個微度組成的空間,這時我們有 8 個 sub boxes. 2. 我們在計算時會發現某些時候 box 的大小會不平衡,系統會自動調整 box 大小 3. 調整大小的方式有很多種方式 - 檢測是不是有某個 node 計算需要令一個 node ,如果是的話這個 node 就會縮小,對應其他 node 就會變大 ### Input file of simulation #### PDB file - 講者 demo 的 pdb input file - 副檔名是 pdb - used by Protein Data Bank ![](https://i.imgur.com/RYCbhyV.png) - PDB 是一個簡單的檔案形式 - 一行代表提供 atom 、角度、分子大小(挨米 angstroms)、胺基酸等資料 - 這只是一部分資料,很明顯的可以看得出來,它就只是一份包含很多胺基酸的 list - 通常會從我們已經知道的結構導出的 #### top file - 講者 demo 的 top input file - 副檔名是 top - Topology file - 另一部份的 input file ![](https://i.imgur.com/k5cLRnH.png) - 可以看到 `#include` - `#include force field`: 這就是我們的 force field 參數來源 - `#include force topol_Protein`: 接著就是我們蛋白質的拓樸 - `[ molecules ]`: 我們最後得到的分子 - `SOL`: 多少分子 - find some fource field - 有鍵結的 forcefield `/usr/local/gromacs/share/gromacs/top/charmm27.ff/ffbonded.itp` ![](https://i.imgur.com/byDVOrt.png) - 很多不同的分子 ![](https://i.imgur.com/u0t1P0q.png) - 有些時候資料不只一個,好像是跟鍵結有關 - 沒鍵結的 forcefield `/usr/local/gromacs/share/gromacs/top/charmm27.ff/ffnonbonded.itp` ## 計算完成後會產生 force field 檔 - `[atoms]` ![](https://i.imgur.com/4Qgi7Qp.png) - 不管有鍵結還是沒鍵結的 atom 都在這 - `[bound]` ![](https://i.imgur.com/furckh1.png) - 就是建結怎麼連的 ## 查看資料和 gromacs 怎麼實做其中的計算 - `vim /usr/local/gromacs-2021.3/src/gromacs/nbnxm/kernels_reference/kernel_ref_inner.h` - 不是優化版本 - 可以看 simd 版本 or cuda 版本 or opencl 版本 - `kernels_simd_4xm` - `cuda` - `opencl`

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