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    --- type: slide --- # 人工智慧導論 #### 現今的人工智慧並沒有那麼強大? --- ## 什麼是人工智慧 \ 人工智慧(英語:artificial intelligence,縮寫為AI)亦稱智械、機器智慧,指由人製造出來的機器所表現出來的智慧。通常人工智慧是指透過普通電腦程式來呈現人類智慧的技術。該詞也指出研究這樣的智慧系統是否能夠實現,以及如何實現。同時,透過醫學、神經科學、機器人學及統計學等的進步,常態預測則認為人類的很多職業也逐漸被其取代。 from 維基百科 --- ## 真的是這樣嗎? --- ## 中文屋測試 --- ## 什麼是中文屋? \ 中文屋是由美國哲學教授約翰·希爾勒提出的一個思想實驗,旨在否定人工智慧的觀點。 --- ## 中文屋的發想 \ 一個對中文一竅不通的人被關在一間封閉房間中。房間裡有一本用英文寫成的中文教學手冊。房外的人不斷向房間內遞進用中文寫成的問題,要求房內的人回答問題。當然!房內的人無法立即回答正確答案,然而他卻可以按照手冊的說明,在沒有學會中文的情況下,拼出正確答案。 --- ## 中文屋的意涵 \ 這個測試在講述房屋裡的人即使不懂中文,也可藉由一些資料拼出答案,如同人工智慧,即使能藉由學習資料成功講出難以分辨真假的答案,他仍然是不具有智慧的。 --- ### 那現今有沒有辦法證明? --- ### 其實是有的 --- ### Adversarial Attack --- ### 什麼是Adversarial Attack \ Adversarial Attack是指我們在輸入資料中加一點變化,使模型無法達到預期的結果 --- ### 有沒有 ~~栗子~~ 例子 --- ![](https://i.imgur.com/2ybPGLf.png) --- ### 加上一點雜訊? --- ![](https://i.imgur.com/udxf6mH.png) --- ### 有差嗎? --- #### 我們把兩張圖片相減再放大50倍: ![](https://i.imgur.com/a22yRzz.png) \ 其實是有的 --- ### Why? --- ### 神經網路其實是一坨數學公式組成的 [中央電神Afan的手刻MLP](https://github.com/afan0918/MLP/tree/master/src) --- ### solution? \ 我不知道 ~~我如果知道我現在就不會坐在這裡了~~ --- ### 別的例子? --- ![](https://i.imgur.com/DcVOt3U.png) --- ![](https://i.imgur.com/g0974gO.png) --- ### explainable AI 讓機器覺得他應該是pokemon或不是的地方highlight出來 --- ![](https://i.imgur.com/UAD7dlu.png) --- ![](https://i.imgur.com/QS9HqEy.png) --- ### 看起來好像怪怪的(? --- ### 為什麼都在周圍亮一圈? --- ### 其實存pokemon的都是.png,digimon的都是.jpeg啦ㄏㄚㄏㄚ 模型只要判斷背景是不是白色就好( --- ### 所以...人工智慧真的智慧嗎? --- ### 顯然不是 跟中文屋很像,其實他只能做我們要他做的事情,機器不存在獨立思考的能力。 --- ### 那我們要學什麼 當然是想辦法讓他跟我們想像中的人工智慧一樣啊廢話:D --- ### 不考慮攻擊的話,其實機器還是可以做到很多事 ex: 口罩辨識、物件偵測、語音輸入and翻譯等等 --- ### 那我們也可以學到這些嗎 可以(吧 --- #### ~~加入人工智慧社聯署就有機會了~~ ![](https://i.imgur.com/brZLUTg.png =10%x) --- 資料來源: [維基百科](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD) [2021 spring Lee-Hung-Yi ML cource](https://speech.ee.ntu.edu.tw/~hylee/ml/ml2021-course-data/attack_v3.pdf) [2022 spring Lee-Hung-Yi ML cource](https://speech.ee.ntu.edu.tw/~hylee/ml/ml2022-course-data/introduction%20(v2).pdf) [Afan Github](https://github.com/afan0918) [高雄中學人工智慧研究社FB粉專](https://www.facebook.com/kshsaiclub)

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