# 2024 年「[資訊科技產業專案設計](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/info2024/https%3A%2F%2Fhackmd.io%2F%40sysprog%2Finfo2024-homework1#REACTO-%E6%AD%A5%E9%A9%9F)」課程作業 3
> contributer
> [yuyuan0625](https://github.com/yuyuan0625)

## [【2025 TSMC RDSS & AO】Information Technology Engineer (IT)](https://careers.tsmc.com/en_US/careers/JobDetail?jobId=5017&source=External%2BCareer%2BSite#)

::: spoiler Job Description
#### **Job Responsibilities**
You will be tasked with one or more of the following responsibilities:

1. Development and integration of Factory Automation Systems.
2. Development and integration of Advanced Technology.
3. Development and integration of Office Automation Systems.
4. Development and integration of Cloud Computing, Kubernates or BigData Analytics Systems.
5. Build/Development Scalable Platform for managing container applications.

#### **Job Qualifications**
1. Major in IT, Computer Engineering, Software Engineering, Computer Science or related fields.
2. Familiar with with one or more of the following :
(1) Development of C/C++ or JAVA Programming.
(2) Microservices Architecture Pattern, DevOps.
(3) Web Applications for PC and Mobiles.
(4) Hadoop, Spark and Parallel Computing.
3. The ones with multiple above skill sets and experience is a plus.
4. Experience in large-scale system integration, cloud computing, social networking for factory automation is a plus.
5. Self-motivated, integrity, and result-oriented personality.
:::

#### 工作內容分析
1. **工廠自動化**系統開發與整合
2. **先進技術**開發與整合
3. **辦公室自動化**系統開發與整合
4. **雲端運算、Kubernetes**與大數據分析系統
5. **可擴展容器應用管理**平台建置

#### 符合技術能力
- Major in IT, Computer Engineering, Software Engineering, Computer Science or related fields.
- Familiar with with one or more of the following :
- Development of C/C++ or JAVA Programming.
- Web Applications for PC and Mobiles.
- Self-motivated, integrity, and result-oriented personality.
#### 不符合
- Microservices Architecture Pattern, DevOps.
- Hadoop, Spark and Parallel Computing.
- Experience in large-scale system integration, cloud computing, social networking for factory automation is a plus.

## [Google Software Engineer, University Graduate, 2025](https://www.google.com/about/careers/applications/jobs/results/137721392706527942-software-engineer-university-graduate-2025?q=%22Software%20Engineer%22&location=Taiwan&src=Online/House%20Ads/BKWS_LOC5&gad_source=1)
::: spoiler Job Description
#### About the job
We're looking for engineers who bring fresh ideas from all areas, including **information retrieval, distributed computing, large-scale system design, networking and data storage, security, artificial intelligence, natural language processing, UI design and mobile**; the list goes on and is growing every day. As a software engineer, you will work on a specific project critical to Google’s needs with opportunities to switch teams and projects as you and our fast-paced business grow and evolve. We need our engineers to be versatile, display leadership qualities and be enthusiastic to take on new problems across the full-stack as we continue to push technology forward.

As a key member of a small and versatile team, you **design, test, deploy and maintain software solutions**.

Due to business needs, we are **prioritizing candidates that are available to start this position before the end of 2025**. This role is eligible for visa sponsorship.

#### **Minimum qualifications:**
Bachelor's degree in Computer Science, related technical field, or equivalent practical experience.
Experience in computer science, data structures, algorithms, and software design.
Experience in Software Development and coding in a general purpose programming language.

#### **Preferred qualifications:**
Master's degree or PhD in Computer Science or a related technical field.
Experience programming in C, C++, Java, or Python.
Experience with Unix/Linux or Windows environments, distributed systems, machine learning, information retrieval, and TCP/IP.

#### **Responsibilities**
- Build our platforms, systems, and networking infrastructure using experience with distributed systems, OS/kernel, network system design, and large-scale storage systems.
- Build internal systems used by Googlers globally.
- Mitigate reliability failures in a component or system.
- Create and support a productive and innovative team, including working with peers, managers, and teams.
:::

#### 符合技術能力
- Bachelor's degree in Computer Science
- Experience in computer science, data structures, algorithms, and software design.
- Experience with Unix/Linux or Windows environments, distributed systems, machine learning, information retrieval, and TCP/IP.
#### 不符合
- Experience with Unix/Linux or Windows environments, distributed systems, machine learning, information retrieval, and TCP/IP.

## [2025校招/研發替代役/應屆預聘正職_軟韌體開發]
#### **About the job**
- 資工/資管/電子/電機/電信/通訊/電控相關研究所背景
- 對行動通訊、無線及寛頻連結、家庭娛樂晶片解決方案有濃厚興趣的2025年應屆畢業生

職缺:

1. [Embedded System software](https://careers.mediatek.com/eREC/JobSearch/JobDetail/MTK120240902008?returnUrl=%2FeREC%2FJobSearch%3FsortBy%3D%26order%3D%26page%3D1%26searchKey%3D%26category%3D9020%26workExp%3D0011%26branch%3D%26program%3D30)
:::spoiler Job description
#### **Minimum qualifications:**
- 嵌入式系統 (Embedded System) / Computer Organization & Architecture (計算機組織 & 結構) / 作業系統 (Operating System) / 資料結構 (Data Structure) / 程式語言 (Programming Language
#### **Preferred qualifications:**
- RTOS (Real-time Operating System) / Linux / Android
:::

#### 符合技術能力
- 具備： 嵌入式系統 (Embedded System) / Computer Organization & Architecture (計算機組織 & 結構) / 作業系統 (Operating System) 相關課程經驗

#### 不符合
- 缺少: Android 相關課程經驗

2. [Camera/ Smart Display /Multimedia/Audio/Video](https://careers.mediatek.com/eREC/JobSearch/JobDetail/MTK120240902001?returnUrl=%2FeREC%2FJobSearch%3FsortBy%3D%26order%3D%26page%3D3%26searchKey%3D%26category%3D%26workExp%3D0011%26branch%3D0000009256%26program%3D)

:::spoiler Job description
#### **Minimum qualifications:**
- 多媒體相關課程(Multi-Media)、影像處理原理 (Image Processing)、作業系統原理(Operation system)、物件導向程式設計(C++)、Computer Vision、Image Processing、Software Engineering、Data Structure、Algorithm、Operation system、Multi-Thread Programming 、Digital Signal Processing、Computer Architecture
#### **Preferred qualifications:**
- 有 Linux kernel driver開發或Linux kernel/open source upstream經驗者佳
:::
#### 符合技術能力
- 具備： 影像處理原理 (Image Processing)、作業系統原理(Operation system)、物件導向程式設計(C++)

#### 不符合
- 缺少: 多媒體相關課程(Multi-Media)、Multi-Thread Programming Skill、Computer Graphics 相關課程經驗

### 自我評估與改進方向

#### 需加強的能力
- 每一個職缺都十分重視 C/C++ ，因此仍需要每天刷題並熟練經典的資料結構和演算法等基礎能力
- [grid75](https://www.techinterviewhandbook.org/grind75/)
- [Top Interview 150](https://leetcode.com/studyplan/top-interview-150/)
- [你所不知道的 C 語言系列講座](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/c-prog/%2F%40sysprog%2Fc-programming)
- 對於Hadoop, Spark等 **Parallel Computing** 技術不熟
- 沒有系統整合、雲端計算之相關經驗
- 對於 UNIX/Linux 系統沒有真正接觸過大型專案，後續有時間會嘗試投入 open source

## 模擬面試
interviewer: 你會將使用哪種資料結構來尋找是否有重組字？例如如果資料庫中存在單字“top”，則對“pot”的查詢應該列出該單字。

interviewee: 讓我確認一下題目的要求，我需要在一個資料庫中找到所有和要查詢單字使用相同字母組合的單字，例如資料庫中有"top",查詢"pot"時應該要能找到"top"，基本上就是要能快速找出所有字母相同但排序不同的單字是嗎?

interviewer: 是的，你的理解很正確

interviewee: 我直覺的想法是使用 hash map 來做為主要資料結構，其中 key 為排序後的單字， value 為擁有相同字母的單字集合。查詢時,先將查詢的單字做字母排序,再用這個排序後的字串當key去查找。這樣的作法插入和查詢的時間複雜度為 $O(KlogK + 1)$，因為對於長度為 $K$ 的單字
排序需要 $O(KlogK)$，而最後查詢單字是否在 hash map 中需要 $O(1)$，另外空間複雜度: O(N)，其中 N 是所有單字的總長度。
以下為我的實作:

class AnagramIndex {
private:
    unordered_map<string, vector<string>> wordMap;
    
    // 將單字轉換成排序後的形式
    string getSortedStr(const string& word) {
        string sorted = word;
        sort(sorted.begin(), sorted.end());
        return sorted;
    }
    
public:
    // 插入單字到索引中
    void insert(const string& word) {
        string sorted = getSortedStr(word);
        wordMap[sorted].push_back(word);
    }
    
    // 查詢單字的所有重組字
    vector<string> query(const string& word) {
        string sorted = getSortedStr(word);
        if (wordMap.find(sorted) != wordMap.end()) {
            return wordMap[sorted];
        }
        return vector<string>();
    }
};

interviewer: 這個實作沒有問題，不過我認為更改成其他資料結構可以只需 $O(K)$，請問你有麼想法嗎?

interviewee: 剛才的實作效能瓶頸主要來自於排序，不過英文字母只有 26 個，如果我們將排序改為使用大小為 26 的陣列計數，並將這個計數陣列轉換成一個特殊的字串作為 key，就可以將 $O(KlogK)$ 降低至 $O(logK)$，空間複雜度維持 O(N)。
具體實作如下:

class AnagramIndex {
private:
    unordered_map<string, vector<string>> wordMap;
    
    // 將單字轉換成頻率字串
    string getFrequencyStr(const string& word) {
        vector<int> freq(26, 0);  // 假設只處理小寫字母
        
        // 計算每個字母出現的次數
        for (char c : word) {
            freq[c - 'a']++;
        }
        
        // 將頻率陣列轉換成字串
        // 使用 '#' 作為分隔符，避免 "1,1" 和 "11" 這樣的衝突
        string key;
        for (int count : freq) {
            key += to_string(count) + '#';
        }
        
        return key;
    }
    
public:
    // 插入單字到索引中
    void insert(const string& word) {
        string key = getFrequencyStr(word);
        wordMap[key].push_back(word);
    }
    
    // 查詢單字的所有重組字
    vector<string> query(const string& word) {
        string key = getFrequencyStr(word);
        if (wordMap.find(key) != wordMap.end()) {
            return wordMap[key];
        }
        return vector<string>();
    }
};

## 相關面試題目
#### 台積電
主要面試流程分為：
1. HackerRank 測驗(需達 125 分硬性門檻)
- median, 50 Score
- median, 50 Score
- Hard, 75 Score
2. 主管面試
3. 實廠適性、英文測驗 (5 年內有考過 TOEIC 相關英文證照則免考英文)
4. HR 面試
5. 資歷審核

## 參考資料
- [2022 台積電 TSMC IT 面試經驗 (BSID/TSID)](https://blog.jhdev.pro/posts/2024-06-01-2022-tsmc-it-interview/)
- [面試時的反問](https://github.com/NeroCube/reverse-interview-zh-tw)
- [台灣Google FW 面試分享](https://www.dcard.tw/f/tech_job/p/255865389?cid=751E1D5A-8226-4894-980F-7F5DA2D4D61A)
- [台積電 IT Engineer 面試經驗紀錄 [失敗案例供參]](https://hackmd.io/@zz8yeJXcQYOjqL6CsPNdlg/SJLwCLC-3)
- [TSMC Diary](https://hackmd.io/@ZzYkZtacRfym2ZnnPS4GzA/Bki1GwvM5)