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    <style> h1 { color: brown; } th, td { margin: 0 auto !important; border: 3px solid black !important; table-layout: fixed !important; width: 25% !important; } .info { color: #CC4444; } .dangerous { color: red; } .image { margin: 0 auto; display: flex !important; } .text-center { text-align: center !important; display: flex !important; align-items: center !important; justify-content: center !important; } </style> # 日本將棋的反則手 ![社長の將棋駒湯](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Crossing-Void/Shogi-notes/refs/heads/main/social-card.png) <center>最新將棋教學已轉移至<a href="https://komasoup.asobigoma.com/" target="_blank">社長の將棋駒湯</a>,HackMD 的將棋筆記不會再更新</center> <br/> <br/> <br/> <br/> 歡迎大家來到第七篇,反則手篇。 本篇旨在:了解日本將棋**常見規則**,以及甚麼時候會觸發犯規。 觸發反則時,一律判負,輸掉對局 ## 反則手一覽 - **棋駒不合法的移動** (動けないところに駒を進める) > <span class="dangerous">新手時期出現頻率⭐⭐⭐⭐</span> > <span class="dangerous">老手時期出現頻率</span> > 簡單來說,就是搞錯棋駒走法,將棋駒走到不符合它走法之處 > 常見於銀將金將搞混,角行遠程斜線自行轉彎等 > 對於沒有下棋經驗的朋友來說桂馬的移動也是容易忘記之一 > 新手時期,要特別**熟讀規則**,三思後下棋喔! > <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Crossing-Void/Shogi-notes/main/7.fault-move/1.png" width="330"><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Crossing-Void/Shogi-notes/main/7.fault-move/2.png" width="330"><span class="text-center">*角行自行轉彎*</span> > <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Crossing-Void/Shogi-notes/main/7.fault-move/3.png" width="330"><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Crossing-Void/Shogi-notes/main/7.fault-move/4.png" width="330"><span class="text-center">*飛車飛出棋盤*</span> - **不合法的成變** (不正当な成り方) > <span class="dangerous">新手時期出現頻率⭐⭐</span> > <span class="dangerous">老手時期出現頻率</span> > 只要是在成變篇中未提到的升級方法皆為不合法的成變 > 還有需要強制成變時,未成變 > 新手常出現把金將翻面成變,**金將沒有成變的選項**,要特別注意。 > 此外,有涉及**敵陣三段目內**才能成變,其餘的成變都是不合法的。 > <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Crossing-Void/Shogi-notes/main/7.fault-move/5.png" width="330" class="image"><span class="text-center">*步兵忘記升級*</span> - **不合法的打入** (不正当な打ち方) 1. 棋駒重疊 (駒を重ねる) > <span class="dangerous">新手時期出現頻率</span> > <span class="dangerous">老手時期出現頻率</span> > 這應該沒什麼好說的,棋駒不能打在已有其它棋駒之處,也不能走到已經有棋駒的地方 > ~~如果不能接受的話,您應該下**軍儀棋**~~ 2. 出現有棋駒沒有地方可走之打入 (行き所のない所に駒を打つ) > <span class="dangerous">新手時期出現頻率⭐⭐</span> > <span class="dangerous">老手時期出現頻率</span> > <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Crossing-Void/Shogi-notes/main/7.fault-move/6.png" width="330"><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Crossing-Void/Shogi-notes/main/7.fault-move/5.png" width="330"><span class="text-center">*步兵打入底段*</span> 3. 二步 (二歩) > <span class="dangerous">新手時期出現頻率⭐⭐⭐⭐</span> > <span class="dangerous">老手時期出現頻率⭐⭐</span> > 這個規則可以說是伴各位一生的反則(特別是在**81道場**跟**實體下棋**時),一不小心沒注意到就會全體敬禮[^noun1]了啊啊啊 m( _ _ )m<br> > <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Crossing-Void/Shogi-notes/main/7.fault-move/7.png" width="330" class="image"><span class="test-center">同筋二步</span> > 如果看的懂日文的話,[這邊的連結](https://yuushablog.info/nifu/)有詳細介紹為什麼二步被禁止的原因! 4. 打步詰 (打ち歩詰め) 忘記甚麼是打步詰的朋友請看<a href="https://hackmd.io/@CrossingVoid/ByOsQxgz3">打入篇</a> > <span class="dangerous">新手時期出現頻率</span>&nbsp;~~因為根本遇不到~~ > <span class="dangerous">老手時期出現頻率</span>&nbsp;滿罕見的 - **王手放置** (王手放置) > <span class="dangerous">新手時期出現頻率⭐⭐⭐⭐</span> > <span class="dangerous">老手時期出現頻率⭐</span> > 在對方王手(不知道甚麼是王手的朋友,代表一定沒有好好按順序學習吧,~~給我去罰站~~)自己的玉將時,如果不下避開王手的手(移動、合駒等),就會算王手放置判負了。 > 各位朋友下棋的時候,記得時時注意自己玉將的安全喔! > (玉將死亡,飛車有八台都沒用!) > :::info > :bulb: **小撇步** > 如果我不管怎麼移動、合駒都避不開王手放置呢?<br> > 表示到了敬禮的時候。 > 避不開的王手放置就是**詰み**。即使是藤井聡太也救不了你 > ~~你問我為甚麼被詰み要放在小撇步?~~ - **主動將玉將自爆** (玉将を自爆させる) :arrow_backward: 其他網站未收錄,自己翻譯的 > <span class="dangerous">新手時期出現頻率⭐⭐</span> > <span class="dangerous">老手時期出現頻率</span> > 自爆手是讓玉將暴露在對方棋駒攻擊範圍內的任何手,包括移動玉將與移動其他棋駒使玉將被攻擊。 > 在下了自爆手的瞬間,就會被馬上判負。就算對方不知情也是照判 - **王手千日手** (王手の千日手) > <span class="dangerous">新手時期出現頻率</span> > <span class="dangerous">老手時期出現頻率</span> > 先來說明甚麼是**千日手**,千日手是指雙方重複無意義的棋步,有時會用**消極對局**來判斷。千日手並沒有貶義,有時為了維持陣形,雙方皆不敢攻擊,就會出現 > 在一般情況下千日手判**不分勝負**,若在職業棋賽中,會另開新對局,但<span class="dangerous">先後手交換</span>(對於職業棋士,先後手很重要!)。 > 看看範例,順便練習記譜 > 如果在千日手的流程內,<span class="dangerous">每回合(兩手)包含王手與避開王手</span>,則**王手方判負**<br> > 範例: >>構成王手千日手 >> <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Crossing-Void/Shogi-notes/main/7.fault-move/oute-sen.gif" width="500"> >> <span class="text-center">*可以發現是王手、避開、王手、避開循環*</span> >>不構成王手千日手,但構成千日手 >><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Crossing-Void/Shogi-notes/main/7.fault-move/no-oute-sen.gif" width="500"> >> <span class="text-center">*可以發現是王手、避開、打入、打入循環*</span> - **打入成變的棋駒** (成り駒を打つ) > <span class="dangerous">新手時期出現頻率</span> > <span class="dangerous">老手時期出現頻率</span> > 在打入篇學過,吃掉的棋駒會變回原形。各位可以在吃掉棋駒放回駒台時養成翻面的好習慣,這樣才不會~~烤焦~~不小心打入錯誤。 - **將對方的駒台當成自己的** (相手の駒台を自分のものとして使う) > <span class="dangerous">新手時期出現頻率</span> > <span class="dangerous">老手時期出現頻率</span> > 不要笑,還真的有職業棋士犯過 > 對不起,糸谷 - **後手先下** (後手が先に指す) > <span class="dangerous">新手時期出現頻率</span> > <span class="dangerous">老手時期出現頻率</span> > ~~連這個也要說?越來越搞不清楚,是不是作者在耍觀眾~~ > 職業棋賽也發生過,而且還不是很久遠的事 - **重複下兩手** (二手指し) > <span class="dangerous">新手時期出現頻率⭐</span> > <span class="dangerous">老手時期出現頻率</span> > 如果在**網路下棋**或是**實體下快棋**不太會發生,不過重複下兩手還是反則的。 > 職業棋士中也有忘記自己已經下過後又下一手的情況,結果當然是被判負啦~ - **~~口罩沒戴~~** (マスクをつけていない) > <span class="dangerous">新手時期出現頻率</span> > <span class="dangerous">老手時期出現頻率</span> > 這個規則是在近幾年為了對抗 COVID-19 而在職業對局中新增的規則。 > 當然也不是一沒帶就觸發,要持續一段時間**故意沒帶**。 [^noun1]: 全體敬禮:將棋圈笑話,在正式對局中,不僅會有兩位棋士,也會有立會者、記錄員、觀戰記者等多名人員陪同。<br>而如果一方出現反則手時,棋士與在場人員都會**敬禮**以表示對局的終了

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