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    # [Research] Luna UST 暴跌脫鉤事件整理 ![](https://i.imgur.com/JRm7wcZ.png =x170) ![](https://i.imgur.com/6ySY9WQ.jpg =x170)![](https://i.imgur.com/ygP6354.jpg =x170) - Author: - 李婷婷 Tina, Founder of [The Z Institute](https://zinstitute.net/zh)(持續更新中 XD) - Wayne, Z DeFi Research Team lead([直播分享簡報](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1NmuEyuq47DXMxA2FJ1ecpDZuTRYR6-Cc/edit#slide=id.g128b6169e57_0_74)) - Nathan, Z DeFi Research Team Core Member([直播分享簡報](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1EteWGf-JUmGoJ7eOpKkaawJt7LL3ajf4/edit?usp=sharing&ouid=103237449461047748534&rtpof=true&sd=true)) - Dan, Z DeFi Research Team Core Member([直播分享文章](https://omeidesign.notion.site/Luna-UST-dd3af69d21fa42ec83a2eb18efc3e19d)) - Jeffrey(推薦這篇[文章](https://twitter.com/billionxdev/status/1520786591668531201)) ![](https://i.imgur.com/NfbpLGm.jpg =600x) - 直播影片:https://youtu.be/aBE1VeQg0vk - 參與者: - Wayne, Tina, Nathan, Dan, Jeffery ## 發生了什麼事 (除了幣價實際數字外,統計到 2022/5/15 晚上) 1. Luna 從最高點 116 美元,跌到 0.00001899 美元,差了 610 萬倍:D([即時價格](https://www.coingecko.com/en/coins/terra-luna)) 2. UST 從穩定幣一美元,跌到 0.1 美元([即時價格](https://www.coingecko.com/en/coins/terra-usd)) 3. 幣安下架 LUNA/ USDT 永續合約 4. FTX 上仍有 LUNA 永續合約,但槓桿最高只能開到一倍 5. 有一個加密貨幣基金因為抄底 Luna 被淹([Twitter 截圖](https://twitter.com/cryptoMaxi420/status/1524882369697701889?s=20&t=Xw5ni8V_pA40tCTTD7l2-A)) 6. Twitter 上多了 #lunacrash 標籤,歡迎大家去找梗圖:https://twitter.com/search?q=%23lunacrash 7. Terra 區塊鏈原本被暫停,目前又開始了,DApp 能正常使用 - [Twitter 公告](https://twitter.com/terra_money/status/1524935730308456448?s=20&t=ftef01FXWFVs_UVlrfhL-Q) - 原本暫停時的最後一個區塊:https://finder.terra.money/mainnet/blocks/7607789 9. 因為 LUNA 價格劇烈波動導致 Chainlink 預言機價格資料過時,造成許多 DeFi 協議只要拿 LUNA 當抵押品的都被惡意套利榨乾 - [Blizz Finance](https://twitter.com/BlizzFinance/status/1524911400992243761?t=u1vjrpHStfEAfaz0lkyY1g&s=09) - 因為智能合約 Timelock,導致合約來不及緊急暫停 - [Venus Finance](https://www.abmedia.io/20220513-buji-dao-bing-bnb-chain-venus-bad-debt) - 存一萬美元的 LUNA 進去可以領十萬美元其他資產出來 - 主要原因是 chainlink 在緊急狀況下停止了 price feed 更新,LUNA 最低是 0.1([合約地址](https://bscscan.com/address/0xec72d46011d67a6ac4fa7d3f476fa2049dc807ee#readContract)) - ![](https://i.imgur.com/JMFFqVA.png =x200) - 價格最後更新時間是台灣時間 5/12 晚上七點![](https://i.imgur.com/8LJ3QHe.png =x200) - 相關 Twitter [1](https://twitter.com/ChainLinkGod/status/1524945117471047680/photo/1), [2](https://twitter.com/riddle245/status/1524915052830154752?s=20&t=Auu5LKP0-GkyM21MdZHzUQ) - Chainlink 上 LUNA 和 UST 的 price feed 頁面消失: - https://data.chain.link/bsc/mainnet/crypto-usd/luna-usd - https://data.chain.link/ethereum/mainnet/stablecoins/ust-usd - LUNA 發行量劇烈增加:一週多了 500 倍 - 即時資料:https://messari.io/asset/terra/chart/real-vol - 目前 UST 嘗試從 0.1 爬回 0.2 左右,LUNA 供給量少了一些,從 1.15B 到 975M - ![](https://i.imgur.com/0A5znVz.jpg =x180) ![](https://i.imgur.com/asTbYX3.png =x210) - LUNA 基金會(Luna Foundation Guard)賣了所有他持有的七億五千萬美金等值 BTC(造成 BTC 也跳水)來拯救 LUNA - [新聞報導](https://finance.yahoo.com/news/terra-luna-foundation-guard-dumps-150721620.html) - BTC/UST 交易對衝破 10 萬美 ![](https://i.imgur.com/WzjZvyX.png =300x) ## 原理與過程 - LUNA 是 UST 的金庫,1 個 UST 和價值 1 美元的 LUNA 幣可以相互兌換 - 有兩種套利情況,一種是是 UST 大於一美元,一種是 UST 小於一美元 - 大於一美元 - 當 1 UST = 1.5 美元時,可以花 1 美元買 LUNA 幣,然後換成 1 個 UST 賣出,賺 0.5 美元 - UST 一直被賣,價格降低回 1 美元,LUNA 則一直被買,價格上漲 - 小於一美元 - 當 1 UST = 0.5 美元時,可以花 0.5 美元買下 1 個 UST ,再兌換成價值 1 美元的 LUNA 幣賣出,賺 0.5 美元 - LUNA 一直被賣,價格降低直到 UST 又回到 1 美元為止 - 當 UST 價格一直小於 1 美元時,就能夠買入 UST 換成 LUNA 再到市場上拋售,並且因為錨定燒毀機制的關係,當 LUNA 價格越低時,燃燒 UST 印出來的 LUNA 就會越多,造成價格越低拋壓越大(因為 LUNA 供給變成沒有上限,如同國家貨幣崩盤) - 起因:一個新地址突然拋售出了 8400 萬美元的 UST,多個大戶開始瘋狂拋售 UST - 催化劑:在 UST 價格下降時,那些開槓桿,借錢放在 Anchor protocol 來拿 20% 年化收益的人開始爆倉,更多幣被清算拋售,接著大家恐慌之下,在 LUNA 的市值低於 UST 與 $1 間的市值空缺時變得無力迴天 - 結果:UST 一直低於一美元,LUNA 一直被賣,持續這個循環直到兩者都幾乎歸零 ![](https://i.imgur.com/rdV1Xrq.png) - Luna Foundation Guard 的儲備資金在當時也幾乎完全用完 (2022/5/11 ![](https://i.imgur.com/GABpc4l.png) - 結論:犧牲 LUNA 價值拯救脫鉤的 UST,但目前還是沒救回 ## 好消息(?) 1. Terra 幾個核心人員都實名,很難跑路,尤其是創辦人,有可能會未來某年東山再起 ![](https://i.imgur.com/TG7RfKB.png) 2. 可能會重新發行 LUNA 代幣,新提案計畫在新網路啟動時執行,一旦持有者將 UST 兌換為 LUNA 就會是新幣,舊幣不再以當前形式存在,新網路的創世區塊啟動後,UST 將成為抵押型穩定幣 - [新聞來源](https://www.abmedia.io/20220513-luna-go-forward-proposal) - [提案連結](https://agora.terra.money/t/luna-go-forward-proposal/7136) ## 開始使用 Terra - 實測時間:2022/5/15 10:58 PM UTC+8 假設現在想參與 Terra 生態系,有哪些管道呢?以下是簡單使用 Swap 的範例: 1. 在任意交易所買 Luna 或是 UST 2. 下載 Terra Station 創建錢包(我是下載 [iOS app](https://apps.apple.com/tw/app/terra-station/id1548434735?l=en) 版本) - [Chrome 插件](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/terra-station-wallet/aiifbnbfobpmeekipheeijimdpnlpgpp) 4. 把交易所的幣提領到剛創的錢包內 5. 在 [Terra Station 網頁版](https://station.terra.money/)上檢查是否又成功收到幣 ![](https://i.imgur.com/AiCnwXr.png) 6. 在 TerraSwap 上把 LUNA 換成 UST:[Swap 介面](https://app.terraswap.io/swap?type=swap&from=uluna&to=uusd) - swap 之前建議看一下最近交易時間,如果最近交易時間是 few seconds ago,代表平台還有在正常運作:[連結](https://app.terraswap.io/pairs/terra1tndcaqxkpc5ce9qee5ggqf430mr2z3pefe5wj6) ![](https://i.imgur.com/zwlYk0E.png) 5. 更多 Terra 上的 Dapps:https://www.terra.money/ecosystem 6. 到 Terra Station 體驗 UST 換 LUNA 套利看看 (?) XD - https://station.terra.money/swap ![](https://i.imgur.com/axx0hpE.png =500x) ## Reyer & Wade 補充 1. 最早「算法穩定幣」的想法是希望解決資金運用效率的問題,希望 "單純" 用「演算法」來達到 token 價格的穩定,但到目前為止,除了最早的 AMPL,單純用「演算法」的算穩全部都死了,所以到目前為止,這個類似社會實驗的作法並沒有成功。 2. 後來的 UST 等算穩,像 Nathan 所說,其實已經類似用「信用」來作為額外支撐,反而「演算法」變成配角,但這其實並非最早「算法穩定幣」的期望。(算穩 -> 信用穩?) 3. 最早算穩的需求是來自於 "預期到「穩定幣」的強烈需求",就像目前幾乎每條鏈都希望有自己的「穩定幣」。 4. 過去幾個碰到死亡螺旋的算穩都沒起來過,投資人賠了都賠了,也沒有人持續關心 5. 穩定幣剛才 Nathan 提到資產品質跟銀行的問題外,還有貨幣的三重不可能。 目前穩定幣本來就要求資本自由、匯率固定狀況下,貨幣政策開始就在白皮書公布了不能改,所以pegging USD本來就幾乎是不可能的事情。 --- ### 追蹤最新的技術與課程資訊 💥 即將推出的熱門基礎線上課程【Solidity 語法基礎】&【給前端的 Web 3 入門】早鳥優惠中 https://bit.ly/3ks4zCT 🎉 慶祝官網 2.0上線,訂閱電子報限時領取50元上課金 https://bit.ly/3vGY1H3 ![](https://i.imgur.com/IsN4Ue9.png) The Z Institute 區塊鏈線上學院 [Facebook](https://www.facebook.com/the.z.institute) | [Youtube](https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC42E-54LCmsclJJ2-LZ7RdA) | [Discord](https://discord.gg/ZMbykVMP)

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