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    ###### tags: `第13屆IT邦鐵人賽文章` # 【在 iOS 開發路上的大小事-Day02】拋棄 Storyboard 改用 Xib 來做全部的 UI 設計吧 # 前情提要 一般在用 Xcode 建立新專案的時候,會預設使用 Main.storyboard 來作為我們設計 UI 畫面的地方 ![](https://i.imgur.com/00lDw9D.png) 但這樣有個缺點,就是當你 Storyboard 上面有很多畫面的時候,Storyboard 會需要比較長的時間載入,以及在開發上如果要對某個畫面做動作時,有時候會很難處理,讓開發效率降低 所以通常會建議改用 Xib 來做 UI 畫面設計,這樣每個畫面、每個元件都會是一個檔案 在開發上會比較好處理,開發效率也會比較高 但沒有說用 Storyboard 做 UI 畫面設計就不好,還是要依實際狀況來做變通~ # 實際操作 首先先到專案設置的檔案 (檔名:專案名稱.xcodeproj),找到「Deployment Info」 ![](https://i.imgur.com/kPfXt1r.png) 找到「Main Interface」,然後將他清空 ![](https://i.imgur.com/QATzpEZ.png) 再切到「Info.plist」,找到「Application Scene Manifest」,將其全部選項都點開 全部點開後,會看到「Storyboard Name」這一行,然後把它整行刪掉,如下圖 ![](https://i.imgur.com/AHBQmwG.png) ![](https://i.imgur.com/1yLGyhi.png) 接著,再將左側的專案檔案列表裡面的「ViewController.swift、Main.storyboard」這兩個檔案刪掉 ![](https://i.imgur.com/pzqmSMg.png) ![](https://i.imgur.com/AGJqdyM.png) 接著先建立一個資料夾,來放第一個畫面的檔案,我們取名為「MainVC」,然後在裡面新增名為「MainVC.swift、MainVC.xib」的檔案 ![](https://i.imgur.com/K9buptl.png) 把「Also create XIB file」打勾,就會自動產生這個 ViewController 的 xib 檔案,來讓我們進行 UI 畫面設計,現在我們左側的專案檔案列表應該會長這樣 ![](https://i.imgur.com/65cQ0Gy.png) 接下來,終於要來寫 Code 了~ 如果你的 App 最低的系統安裝版本是 iOS 13 以前的話,像是 iOS 12、iOS 11 之類的 那你要在「AppDelegate.swift 跟 SceneDelegate.swift」這兩個檔案加入下方的 Code 如果如果你的 App 最低的系統安裝版本是 iOS 13 (含)以上的話 那就直接在「SceneDelegate.swift」這個檔案加入下方的 Code 會有這樣的區別是因為 SceneDelegate.swift 是只有 iOS 13 (含)以上版本才會去讀這個檔案,iOS 13 以下的版本則是會去讀 AppDelegate.swift 這個檔案 所以說,如果你要讓 App 可以順利在 iOS 13 以前跟以後的系統都可以順利開啟的話,就要在 AppDelegate.swift 跟 SceneDelegate.swift 這兩個檔案裡都加入下方的程式碼 **App 最低的系統安裝版本是 iOS 13 以前的話,像是 iOS 12、iOS 11 之類的↓** ```swift= // AppDelegate.swift class AppDelegate: UIResponder, UIApplicationDelegate { var window: UIWindow? func application(_ application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [UIApplication.LaunchOptionsKey: Any]?) -> Bool { let rootVC = MainVC(nibName: "MainVC", bundle: nil) window = UIWindow(frame: UIScreen.main.bounds) window?.rootViewController = rootVC window?.makeKeyAndVisible() return true } ... } // SceneDelegate.swift @available(iOS 13.0, *) // 這行加在 class 上面 class SceneDelegate: UIResponder, UIWindowSceneDelegate { var window: UIWindow? func scene(_ scene: UIScene, willConnectTo session: UISceneSession, options connectionOptions: UIScene.ConnectionOptions) { guard let windowScene = (scene as? UIWindowScene) else { return } let rootVC = MainVC(nibName: "MainVC", bundle: nil) let navigationController = UINavigationController(rootViewController: rootVC) window = UIWindow(frame: windowScene.coordinateSpace.bounds) window?.windowScene = windowScene window?.rootViewController = navigationController window?.makeKeyAndVisible() } ... } ``` **App 最低的系統安裝版本是 iOS 13 (含)以上的話↓** ```swift= class SceneDelegate: UIResponder, UIWindowSceneDelegate { func scene(_ scene: UIScene, willConnectTo session: UISceneSession, options connectionOptions: UIScene.ConnectionOptions) { guard let windowScene = (scene as? UIWindowScene) else { return } let rootVC = MainVC(nibName: "MainVC", bundle: nil) let navigationController = UINavigationController(rootViewController: rootVC) window = UIWindow(frame: windowScene.coordinateSpace.bounds) window?.windowScene = windowScene window?.rootViewController = navigationController window?.makeKeyAndVisible() } ... } ``` # 成果 ![](https://i.imgur.com/0gHKM7z.png) 本篇的範例程式碼:[GitHub](https://github.com/leoho0722/IT2021/tree/main/Day02)

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