GMT_1091 - HackMD

# GMT_1091 [![hackmd-github-sync-badge](https://hackmd.io/ARvJLwS5S5eIRc-WP4BpDw/badge)](https://hackmd.io/ARvJLwS5S5eIRc-WP4BpDw) --- {%hackmd SybccZ6XD %} [雲端硬碟](https://drive.google.com/drive/u/2/folders/1hAJMGFqjQWpSZ0iD6HpBtztzuzcGH8Ms) [The Newest Generic Mapping Tools Documentation-Tutorial](https://docs.generic-mapping-tools.org/6.1/tutorial.html) --- https://www.generic-mapping-tools.org/ ![](https://i.imgur.com/Eq0XUxB.png) Examples --- - [Documentation for GMT is available online in different versions (if in doubt, use the latest stable version):](https://www.generic-mapping-tools.org/documentation/) Themes --- - [Dark theme](/theme-dark?both) - [Vertical alignment](/theme-vertical-writing?both) ###### tags: `NTOU_1091` `Book` `程式語言` # [Tutorial : Session 1](https://docs.generic-mapping-tools.org/6.1/tutorial/session-1.html) # [Tutorial : Session 2](https://docs.generic-mapping-tools.org/6.1/tutorial/session-2.html) ## W2 ```GMT= user@SKYUSER-O4EJDHA ~ $ ls ``` `列出資料夾內的所有檔案` ``` '?.ps' plot.ps W11_ecs.ps W6_vec.ps 123.ps plot_1.log W12_map1.ps W6_vec.txt bermuda.nc plot_1.ps W12_map1.txt W6_Vec2.ps bermuda.ps plot_2.ps W12_map2.ps W7_1.ps bermuda.txt quakes.cpt.txt W12_map3.ps W7_1.txt data.nc quakes.d W12_map4.ps W7_2.ps document quakes.d.txt W12_samepage.ps W7_2.txt gmt.conf quakes.ngdc.txt W13_data.ps W7_error.ps gmt.history scs.ps w13_scs.nc W7_error.txt GMT_record.docx scs.txt w13_scs.ps W7_error_2.ps gmtsession.pdf sd1.txt w13_scs.txt W7_error_2.txt GMT筆記.docx tt.ps W5_1a.ps W7_quakes.ps HP0201a.v1 ttt.txt W5_1a.txt W8_vec.ps HP0201a.v2 v1 W5_1c.ps w9_excel_uv.txt map.ps W10_ang.txt W5_1c.txt w9_excel_uv.xlsx map_1.log W10_map.ps W6_1a.txt W9_result.ps map_1.p W10_quakes.d W6_1b.ps w9_u.txt map_1.ps W10_ss.ps W6_1b.txt w9_uv.out map_W4.log W10_ss.txt W6_1c.ps w9_uv.txt map_W4.ps W10-1.txt W6_2b.ps w9_v.txt map_W4_HW.log W10-2.ps W6_2b.txt w9-1.ps map_W4_HW.ps W10-map.ps W6_bar.ps w9-2.ps mid-term W11_1a.ps W6_pie.ps w9-3.ps plot.log w11_1aa.txt W6_pie.txt ``` ```GMT= user@SKYUSER-O4EJDHA ~ $ ls -a ``` `列出資料夾內的所有檔案` ``` . mid-term w11_1aa.txt W6_vec.ps .. plot.log W11_ecs.ps W6_vec.txt .gmtdefaults4.txt plot.ps W12_map1.ps W6_Vec2.ps '?.ps' plot_1.log W12_map1.txt W7_1.ps 123.ps plot_1.ps W12_map2.ps W7_1.txt bermuda.nc plot_2.ps W12_map3.ps W7_2.ps bermuda.ps quakes.cpt.txt W12_map4.ps W7_2.txt bermuda.txt quakes.d W12_samepage.ps W7_error.ps data.nc quakes.d.txt W13_data.ps W7_error.txt document quakes.ngdc.txt w13_scs.nc W7_error_2.ps gmt.conf scs.ps w13_scs.ps W7_error_2.txt gmt.history scs.txt w13_scs.txt W7_quakes.ps GMT_record.docx sd1.txt W5_1a.ps W8_vec.ps gmtsession.pdf tt.ps W5_1a.txt w9_excel_uv.txt GMT筆記.docx ttt.txt W5_1c.ps w9_excel_uv.xlsx HP0201a.v1 v1 W5_1c.txt W9_result.ps HP0201a.v2 W10_ang.txt W6_1a.txt w9_u.txt map.ps W10_map.ps W6_1b.ps w9_uv.out map_1.log W10_quakes.d W6_1b.txt w9_uv.txt map_1.p W10_ss.ps W6_1c.ps w9_v.txt map_1.ps W10_ss.txt W6_2b.ps w9-1.ps map_W4.log W10-1.txt W6_2b.txt w9-2.ps map_W4.ps W10-2.ps W6_bar.ps w9-3.ps map_W4_HW.log W10-map.ps W6_pie.ps map_W4_HW.ps W11_1a.ps W6_pie.txt ``` ```GMT= user@SKYUSER-O4EJDHA ~ $ vi ttt.txt ``` `按 :q 退出檢視` ```GMT= user@SKYUSER-O4EJDHA ~ $ pwd ``` ``` /home/user ``` ```GMT= user@SKYUSER-O4EJDHA ~ $ df ``` ``` 檔案系統 1K-區段已用可用已用% 掛載點 C:/cygwin64 249424360 212930988 36493372 86% / D: 7888888 2783284 5105604 36% /cygdrive/d E: 1953382396 101761300 1851621096 6% /cygdrive/e ``` ```GMT= user@SKYUSER-O4EJDHA ~ $ cd e:/GMT_1091 ``` ```GMT= user@SKYUSER-O4EJDHA /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091 $ psbasemap -R10/70/-3/8 -JX5i/4i -B10/1:."my first figure": -P > plot.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/lyb9MJq.png) ```GMT= user@SKYUSER-O4EJDHA /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091 $ psbasemap -R20/50/-3/8 -JX5i/4i -B10/1:."my first figure": -P > plot.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/M1L6kwx.png) ```GMT= user@SKYUSER-O4EJDHA /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091 $ psbasemap -R20/50/0/8 -JX5i/4i -B5/2:.My_first_figure: -P > plot.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/3sf9dEv.png) ```GMT= user@SKYUSER-O4EJDHA /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091 $ psbasemap -R20/50/-3/8 -JX5i/4i -B10:."time(hr)":/1:temperature: -P > plot.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/JQw2gzf.png) ```GMT= user@SKYUSER-O4EJDHA /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091 $ psbasemap -R20/50/-3/8 -JX5i/4i -B10:"time(hr)":/1:temperature: -P > plot.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/32ZOCVt.png) ```GMT= user@SKYUSER-O4EJDHA /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091 $ psbasemap -R1/10000/1e20/1e25 -JX9il/6il -B2:"wavelength (m)":/a1pf3:"power(W)":wsne > plot.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/DVdB493.png) ```GMT= user@SKYUSER-O4EJDHA /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091 $ psbasemap -R1/10000/1e20/1e25 -JX9il/6il -B2:"wavelength (m)":/a1pf3:"power(W)":WS > plot.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/PDlu4Bb.png) ```GMT= user@SKYUSER-O4EJDHA /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091 $ psbasemap -R1/10000/1e20/1e25 -JX9il/6il -B2:"wavelength (m)":/a1pf3:"power(W)":WS -P > plot.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/kme7eBf.png) ```GMT= user@SKYUSER-O4EJDHA /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091 $ psbasemap -R1/10000/1e20/1e25 -JX9il/6il -B2:"wavelength (m)":/a1pf5:"power(W)":WS -P > plot.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/tjZfzaC.png) ```GMT= user@SKYUSER-O4EJDHA /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091 $ psbasemap -R1/10000/1e20/1e25 -JX9il/6il -B2:"wavelength(m)":/a1pf2:"power(W)":WS -P > plot.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/c6QlULo.png) ```GMT= user@SKYUSER-O4EJDHA /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091 $ psbasemap -R20/50/-3/8 -JX5i/4i -Ba10f3:."time(hr)":/1:temperature: -P > plot.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/00fr2Rr.png) ```GMT= user@SKYUSER-O4EJDHA /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091 $ psbasemap -R20/50/0/8 -JX5i/4i -Ba10f3:."time(hr)":/1:temperature:WSNE -P > plot.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/U35U9MP.png) ```GMT= user@SKYUSER-O4EJDHA /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091 $ psbasemap -R20/50/0/8 -JX5i/4i -Ba10f3:."time(hr)":/1:temperature: -P > plot.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/wje5UHL.png) ```GMT= user@SKYUSER-O4EJDHA /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091 $ psbasemap -R20/50/0/8 -JX5i/4i -Ba10f3:."time(hr)":/1:temperature:WNe -P > plot.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/H6MN772.png) ## W3 ```GMT= user@meicc-006 ~ $ ls ``` ``` c1 ttt.txt ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 ~ $ ls -a ``` ``` . .bash_history .bashrc .profile c1 .. .bash_profile .inputrc .ttt.txt.swp ttt.txt ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 ~ $ cd E:\GMT_1091_JT ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ vi ttt.txt ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/rsdM3Of.png) ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R1/10000/1e20/1e25 -JX9il/6il -B2:"Wavelength (m)":/a1pf3:"Power (W)":WS > plot.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/2frXm4f.png) ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R1/10000/1e20/1e25 -JX9il/6il -B1:"Wavelength (m)":/a1pf3:"Power (W)":WS > plot.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R0/12/0/1 -JX3/0.4 -Ba4f2g1:"Frequency percentage":S -P > plot_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R0/12/0/1 -JX6i/0.4 -Ba4f2g1:"Frequency percentage":S -P > plot_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R0/12/0/1 -JX6i/0.4 -Ba4f2:"Frequency percentage":S -P > plot_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R0/12/0/1 -JX6i/0.4 -Ba4f2g1:"Frequency percentage":S -P > plot_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R0/12/0/1 -JX6i/0.4 -Ba4f2g1:Frequency_percentage:S -P > plot_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R0/12/0/1 -JX6i/0.4i -Ba4f2g1:Frequency_percentage:S -P > plot_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R0/12/0/1 -JX6i/0.4i -Ba4f2g1:Frequency_percentage:NS -P > plot_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R0/12/0/1 -JX6i/0.4i -Ba4f2g1:"A Rule":S -P > plot_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R0/12/0/1 -JX6i/0.4i -Ba4f2g1:"A Rule"::.Title:S -P > plot_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R0/12/0/1 -JX6i/0.4i -Ba4f2g1:"A Rule"::.Title:WSNE -P > plot_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R0/12/0/1 -JX6i/0.4i -Ba4f2g1:"A Rule"::.Ya_Ya:WSNE -P > plot_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R0/12/0/1 -JX6i/0.4i -Ba4f2g1:"A Rule"::."YaYa":WSNE -P > plot_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R0/12/0/1 -JX6i/0.4i -Ba4f2g1:"A Rule"::."YaYa":S -P > plot_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R0/12/0/1 -JX6i/0.4i -Ba4f2g1:"A Rule"::."Ya Ya":S -P > plot_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R0/12/0/1 -JX6i/0.4i -Ba4f2g1:"A Rule"::=-f:S -P > plot_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R0/12/0/1 -JX6i/0.4i -Ba4f2g1:"A Rule"::=-Ya:S -P > plot_1.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/PPjNcFp.png) ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R0/12/0/1 -JX6i/0.4i -Ba4f2g1:"A Rule"::=-我是單位:S -P > plot_1.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/yFP7q3T.png) ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R0/12/0/1 -JX6i/0.4i -Ba4f2g1:"A Rule"::=F:S -P > plot_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R0/12/0/1 -JX6i/0.4i -Ba4f2g1:"A Rule"::,a:S -P > plot_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R0/12/0/1 -JX6i/0.4i -Ba4f2g1:"A Rule"::,%:S -P > plot_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R0/12/0/1 -JX6i/0.4i -Ba4f2g1:"A Rule"::=DD::,%:S -P > plot_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R0/12/0/1 -JX6i/0.4i -Ba4f2g1:"A Rule"::=ha::,j:S -P > plot_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R0/12/0/1 -JX6i/0.4i -Ba4f2g1:"A Rule"::."Ya 00781035"::=ha::,j:S -P > plot_1.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/1Wml2Iu.png) ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ ls -a ``` ``` . '?.ps' GMT_record.docx plot.pdf plot_1.ps .. gmt.history plot.log plot.ps ttt.txt ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R1/10/0/10 -Jx1.5il/0.15i -B10g3/a2f1g2wsne -P > plot_2.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R1/10/0/10 -Jx1.5il/0.15i -B10g3/a2f1g2wsne -P > plot_2.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R1/10/0/10 -Jx1.5il/0.15i -B10g3/a2f1g2wsne -P > plot_2.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R1/10/0/10 -Jx1.5il/0.15i -B10g3/a2f1g2WSne -P > plot_2.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R1/100/0/10 -Jx1.5il/0.15i -B10g3/a2f1g2WSne -P > plot_2.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R1/100/0/10 -JX1.5il/0.15i -B10g3/a2f1g2WSne -P > plot_2.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R1/100/0/10 -Jx1.5il/0.15i -B10g3/a2f1g2WSne -P > plot_2.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R1/100/0/10 -Jx1.5il/0.15i -B10g3l/a2f1g2WSne -P > plot_2.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R1/100/0/10 -Jx1.5il/0.15i -B10g3l/a2f1g2lWSne -P > plot_2.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R1/100/0/100 -Jx1.5il/0.15i -B10g3l/a2f1g2lWSne -P > plot_2.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R1/100/0/100 -Jx1.5il/0.15i -B10g3l/a2f1g3lWSne -P > plot_2.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R1/100/0/10 -Jx1.5il/0.15i -B10g3l/a2f1g2lWSne -P > plot_2.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R1/100/0/10 -Jx1.5il/0.15i -B10g3l/a4f1g2WSne -P > plot_2.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R1/100/0/10 -Jx1.5il/0.15i -B10g3l/a2f1g2WSne -P > plot_2.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R1/100/0/10 -Jx1.5il/0.15i -B10g3p/a2f1g2WSne -P > plot_2.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psbasemap -R1/100/0/10 -Jx1.5il/0.15i -B10g3p/a2f1g2:=f::,%:WSne -P > plot_2.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/YAIarbm.png) ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R-90/-70/0/20 -JM6i -B5g5 -Gchocolate -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R270/290/0/20 -JM6i -B5g5 -Gchocolate -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R119/124/21/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -Gchocolate -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -Gchocolate -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -Gblack -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -Gblue -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -Gpurple -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -Gpurple -W0.25p -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -Gpurple -W5p -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -Gpurple -W1.5p -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -Gpurple -W1.5p -I -P > map_1.ps ``` ``` pscoast [ERROR]: Syntax error: -I option takes at least one argument ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -Gpurple -W1.5p -Iblue -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -Gpurple -W1.5p -Scyan -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -Gpurple -W1.5p -Scyan -Dh -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -Ggray -W1.5p -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -Ggrey -W1.5p -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -Ggrey -W1.5p -Scyan -Df -N -P > map_1.ps ``` ``` pscoast [ERROR]: Syntax error: -N option takes at least one argument ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -G0.2/0.2/0.2 -W1.5p -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -G0.7/0.7/0.7 -W1.5p -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -G1/1/1 -W1.5p -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -G20/20/20 -W1.5p -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -G100/100/100 -W1.5p -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -G0/0/0 -W1.5p -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -G70/70/70 -W1.5p -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -G250/250/250 -W1.5p -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -W1.5p -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -W1.2/0/0/255 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -W1.2/0/0/255,- -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,- -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0,- -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/255,- -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,255/0/0,- -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/mUpQLzK.png) ## W4 ### 1.4.1 Linear projection ### 1.4.2 Logarithmic projection ### 1.4.3 Mercator projection ```GMT= user@meicc-006 ~ $ cd E:\GMT_1091_JT user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ df ``` ``` 檔案系統 1K-區段已用可用已用% 掛載點 C:/cygwin64 233835516 107084712 126750804 46% / E: 118078240 1466592 116611648 2% /cygdrive/e ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ cd e: user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e $ cd GMT_1091_JT user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,255/0/0,- -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R104/124/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0,- -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R105/125/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0,- -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R105/125/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -W1.5/0/0/0,- -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R105/125/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -W0.1 -A0.5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0,- -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R105/125/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -W0.1 -A5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0,- -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R105/125/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -W0.1 -A100 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0,- -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R105/125/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -W0.1 -A10 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0,- -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoas -R105/125/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -W0.1 -A200 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0,- -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R105/125/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -W0.1 -A100 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0,- -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R105/125/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -W0.1 -A200 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0,- -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R105/125/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -W0.1 -A2 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0,- -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R105/125/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -W0.1 -A200 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0,- -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R105/125/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -W1 -A250 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0,- -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R105/125/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -W5 -A25000 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0,- -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R105/125/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -W1 -A25 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0,- -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R105/125/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -W1 -A2 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0,- -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R115/125/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -W1 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0,- -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R105/125/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -W1 -A2 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0,- -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R115/125/20/30 -JM6i -B5g5 -W1 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0,- -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R105/125/7/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -W1 -A20154741 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0,- -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R115/125/20/30 -JM6i -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -W1,0/0/0,- -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R115/125/20/30 -JM6i -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -W1,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R115/125/20/30 -JM6i -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R119/121/22/25 -JM6i -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -W1,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R119/121/22/25 -JM6i -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R119/121/22/25 -JM6i -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Dc -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R119/121/22/25 -JM6i -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Dh -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R119/121/22/25 -JM6i -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R120/122/25/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R121/122/24.5/27 -JM6i -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R121/122/24.5/27 -JM6i -B5g0.5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R121/122/24.5/27 -JM6i -B0.5g0.5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R121/122/24.5/25.5 -JM6i -B0.5g0.5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R121.5/122.5/24.5/25.5 -JM6i -B0.5g0.5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R121.5/122.5/24.5/25.5 -JM6i -Ia -B0.5g0.5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R120/122.5/24.5/25.5 -JM6i -Ia -B0.5g0.5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast ``` ``` gmt pscoast [core] 6.0.0 [64-bit] [MP] - Plot continents, countries, shorelines, rivers, and borders usage: gmt pscoast -J<args> [-A<min_area>[/<min_level>/<max_level>][+a[g|i][s|S] ][+r|l][+p<percent>]] [-B<args>] [-R<west>/<east>/<south>/<north>[/<zmin>/<zmax>][+r]] [-C[<feature>/]<fi ll>] [-D<resolution>][+f] [-E<code1,code2,...>[+l|L][+g<fill>][+p<pen>][+r|R[ <incs>]]] [-G[<fill>]] [-F[+c<clearance(s)>][+g<fill>][+i[[<gap>/]<pen>]][+p[<pen>]][+r[<radius >]][+s[<dx>/<dy>/][<fill>]]] [-I<feature>[/<pen>]] [-K] [-L[g|j|J|n|x]<refpoint>+c[<slon>/]<slat>+w<length>[e|f|M|n|k|u][+a<alig n>][+f][+j<justify>][+l[<label>]][+o<dx>[/<dy>]][+u]] [-M] [-N<feature>[/<pen>]] [-O] [-P] [-Q] [-S<fill>] [-Td[g|j|J|n|x]<refpoint>+w<width>[+f[<level>]][+j<justify>][+l<w,e,s,n> ][+o<dx>[/<dy>]]] [-Tm[g|j|J|n|x]<refpoint>+w<width>[+d[<dec>[/<dlabel>]]][+i<pen>][+j<jus tify>][+l<w,e,s,n>][+p<pen>][+t<ints>][+o<dx>[/<dy>]]] [-U[<label>][+c][+j<just>][+o<dx>/<dy>]] [-V[<level>]] [-W[<feature>/][< pen>]] [-X[a|c|f|r]<xshift>[<unit>]] [-Y[a|c|f|r]<yshift>[<unit>]] [-bo[<ncol>] [t][w][+l|b]] [-do<nodata>] [-p[x|y|z]<azim>[/<elev>[/<zlevel>]][+w<lon0>/<lat0>[/<z0>][+v<x0>/<y0>] ] [-t<transp>] [-:[i|o]] [--PAR=<value>] -J Select map proJection. (<scale> in cm/degree, <width> in cm) Append +dh for map height, +du for max (upper) or +dl for min (lower) map dimension [+dw for width]. Azimuthal projections set -Rg unless polar aspect or -R<...>r is set. -Ja|A<lon0>/<lat0>[/<hor>]/<scl (or <radius>/<lat>)|<width> (Lambert Azimuthal EA) -Jb|B<lon0>/<lat0>/<lat1>/<lat2>/<scl>|<width> (Albers Conic EA) -Jcyl_stere|Cyl_stere/[<lon0>/[<lat0>/]]<lat1>/<lat2>/<scl>|<width> ( Cylindrical Stereographic) -Jc|C<lon0>/<lat0><scl>|<width> (Cassini) -Jd|D<lon0>/<lat0>/<lat1>/<lat2>/<scl>|<width> (Equidistant Conic) -Je|E<lon0>/<lat0>[/<horizon>]/<scl (or <radius>/<lat>)|<width> (Azi muthal Equidistant) -Jf|F<lon0>/<lat0>[/<horizon>]/<scl (or <radius>/<lat>)|<width> (Gno monic) -Jg|G<lon0>/<lat0>/<scl (or <radius>/<lat>)|<width> (Orthographic) -Jg|G[<lon0>/]<lat0>[/<horizon>|/<altitude>/<azimuth>/<tilt>/<twist>/ <Width>/<Height>]/<scl>|<width> (General Perspective) -Jh|H[<lon0>/]<scl>|<width> (Hammer-Aitoff) -Ji|I[<lon0>/]<scl>|<width> (Sinusoidal) -Jj|J[<lon0>/]<scl>|<width> (Miller) -Jkf|Kf[<lon0>/]<scl>|<width> (Eckert IV) -Jks|Ks[<lon0>/]<scl>|<width> (Eckert VI) -Jl|L<lon0>/<lat0>/<lat1>/<lat2>/<scl>|<width> (Lambert Conformal Con ic) -Jm|M[<lon0>/[<lat0>/]]<scl>|<width> (Mercator) -Jn|N[<lon0>/]<scl>|<width> (Robinson projection) -Jo|O (Oblique Mercator). Specify one of three definitions: -Jo|O[a|A]<lon0>/<lat0>/<azimuth>/<scl>|<width> -Jo|O[b|B]<lon0>/<lat0>/<lon1>/<lat1>/<scl>|<width> -Jo|Oc|C<lon0>/<lat0>/<lonp>/<latp>/<scl>|<width> -Jpoly|Poly/[<lon0>/[<lat0>/]]<scl>|<width> ((American) Polyconic) -Jq|Q[<lon0>/[<lat0>/]]<scl>|<width> (Equidistant Cylindrical) -Jr|R[<lon0>/]<scl>|<width> (Winkel Tripel) -Js|S<lon0>/<lat0>/[<horizon>/]<scl> (or <slat>/<scl> or <radius>/<la t>)|<width> (Stereographic) -Jt|T<lon0>/[<lat0>/]<scl>|<width> (Transverse Mercator) -Ju|U[<zone>/]<scl>|<width> (UTM) -Jv|V<lon0>/<scl>|<width> (van der Grinten) -Jw|W<lon0>/<scl>|<width> (Mollweide) -Jy|Y[<lon0>/[<lat0>/]]<scl>|<width> (Cylindrical Equal-area) -Jp|P[a]<scl>|<width>[/<origin>][r|z] (Polar [azimuth] (theta,radius) ) -Jx|X<x-scl>|<width>[d|l|p<power>|t|T][/<y-scl>|<height>[d|l|p<power> |t|T]] (Linear, log, and power projections) (See psbasemap for more details on projection syntax) -JZ|z For z component of 3-D projections. Same syntax as -JX|x, i.e. , -Jz|Z<z-scl>|<height>[d|l|p<power>|t|T] (Linear, log, and power proje ctions) -R Specify the min/max coordinates of your data region in user units. Use dd:mm[:ss] for regions given in arc degrees, minutes [and seconds ]. Use -R<xmin/xmax/ymin/ymax>+<unit> for regions given in projected coo rdinates. with <unit> selected from e|f|k|M|n|u. Use [yyy[-mm[-dd]]]T[hh[:mm[:ss[.xxx]]]] format for time axes. Append +r if -R specifies the coordinates of the lower left and upper right corners of a rectangular area. Use -R<gridfile> to use its limits (and increments if applicable). Use -Rg and -Rd as shorthands for -R0/360/-90/90 and -R-180/180/-90/9 0. Derive region from closed polygons from the Digital Chart of the Worl d (DCW): Append a comma-separated list of ISO 3166 codes for countries to se t region, i.e., <code1>,<code2>,... etc., using the 2-character ISO country codes ( see pscoast -E+l for list). To select a state of a country (if available), append .state, e.g, US.TX for Texas. To select a whole continent, give =AF|AN|AS|EU|OC|NA|SA as <code>. Use +r to modify the region from polygon(s): Append <inc>, <xinc>/< yinc>, or <winc>/<einc>/<sinc>/<ninc> to round region to these multiples; use +R to extend region by thos e increments instead [0]. OPTIONS: -A Place limits on coastline features from the GSHHG data base. Features smaller than <min_area> (in km^2) or of levels (0-4) outside the min-max levels will be skipped [0/4 (4 means lake inside island inside lake)]. Select +a and one or two codes to control how Antarctica is handled: Add g to use shelf ice grounding line for Antarctica coastline, or Add i to use ice/water front for Antarctica coastline [Default]. Add s to skip Antarctica (all data south of 60S) [use all], or Add S to skip anything BUT Antarctica (all data north of 60S) [use all]. Append +r to only get riverlakes from level 2, or +l to only get lake s [both]. Append +p<percent> to exclude features whose size is < <percent>% of the full-resolution feature [use all]. -B Specify both (1) basemap frame settings and (2) axes parameters. (1) Frame settings are modified via an optional single invocation of -B[<axes>][+g<fill>][+n][+o<lon>/<lat>][+t<title>] (2) Axes parameters are specified via one or more invocations of -B[p|s][x|y|z]<intervals>[+a<angle>][+l<label>][+p<prefix>][+u<un it>] <intervals> is composed of concatenated [<type>]<stride>[<unit>][l|p] sub-strings See psbasemap man page for more details and examples of all settings. -C<fill> Set separate color for lakes and riverlakes [Default is same as ocean]. Specify <fill> as one of: 1) <gray> or <red>/<green>/<blue>, all in the range 0-255; 2) <c>/<m>/<y>/<k> in range 0-100%; 3) <hue>-<sat>-<val> in ranges 0-360, 0-1, 0-1; 4) any valid color name; 5) P|p<pattern>[+b<color>][+f<color>][+r<dpi>]; Give <pattern> number from 1-90 or a filename, optionally add +r<d pi> [300]. Optionally, use +f,+b to change fore- or background colors (set - for transparency). For PDF fill transparency, append @<transparency> in the range 0-100 [0 = opaque]. Alternatively, set custom fills below. Repeat the -C option as neede d. l = Lakes. r = River-lakes. -D Choose one of the following resolutions: a - auto: select best resolution given map scale. f - full resolution (may be very slow for large regions). h - high resolution (may be slow for large regions). i - intermediate resolution. l - low resolution [Default]. c - crude resolution, for busy plots that need crude continent outlin es only. Append +f to use a lower resolution should the chosen one not be avai lable [abort]. -E Apply different fill or outline to specified list of countries. Based on closed polygons from the Digital Chart of the World (DCW). Append comma-separated list of ISO 3166 codes for countries to plot, i.e., <code1>,<code2>,... etc., using the 2-character country codes. To select a state of a country (if available), append .state, e.g, US .TX for Texas. To select a whole continent, use =AF|AN|AS|EU|OC|NA|SA as <code>. Append +l to just list the countries and their codes [no plotting tak es place]. Use +L to see states/territories for Australia, Brazil, Canada, and t he US. Append +p<pen> to draw outline [none] and +g<fill> to fill [none]. One of +p|g must be specified to plot; if -M is in effect we just get the data. Repeat -E to give different groups of items their own pen/fill settin gs. -F Specify a rectangular panel behind the map scale or rose. Without further options: draw border around the scale panel (using MA P_FRAME_PEN) [Default is no border]. Append +c<clearance> where <clearance> is <gap>, <xgap/ygap>, or <lga p/rgap/bgap/tgap> [4p]. Note: For a map inset the default clearance is zero. Append +g<fill> to set the fill for the scale panel [Default is no fi ll]. Append +i[[<gap>/]<pen>] to add a secondary inner frame boundary [Def ault gap is 2p]. Append +p[<pen>] to draw the border and optionally change the border pen [thicker,black]. Append +r[<radius>] to plot rounded rectangles instead [Default radiu s is 6p]. Append +s[<dx>/<dy>/][<shade>] to plot a shadow behind the scale pane l [Default is 4p/-4/gray50]. If using both -L and -T, use -Fl and -Ft. -G<fill> Paint or clip "dry" areas. Specify <fill> as one of: 1) <gray> or <red>/<green>/<blue>, all in the range 0-255; 2) <c>/<m>/<y>/<k> in range 0-100%; 3) <hue>-<sat>-<val> in ranges 0-360, 0-1, 0-1; 4) any valid color name; 5) P|p<pattern>[+b<color>][+f<color>][+r<dpi>]; Give <pattern> number from 1-90 or a filename, optionally add +r<d pi> [300]. Optionally, use +f,+b to change fore- or background colors (set - for transparency). For PDF fill transparency, append @<transparency> in the range 0-100 [0 = opaque]. 6) c to issue clip paths for land areas. -I Draw rivers. Specify feature and optionally append pen [Default for all levels: default,black]. <pen> is a comma-separated list of three optional items in the order: <width>[c|i|p], <color>, and <style>[c|i|p]. <width> >= 0.0 sets pen width (default units are points); alternative ly a pen name: Choose among faint, default, or [thin|thick|fat][er|est], o r obese. <color> = (1) <gray> or <red>/<green>/<blue>, all in range 0-255, (2) <c>/<m>/<y>/<k> in 0-100% range, (3) <hue>-<sat>-<val> in ranges 0-360, 0-1, 0-1, (4) any valid color name. <style> = (1) pattern of dashes (-) and dots (.), scaled by <width>. (2) "dashed", "dotted", "dashdot", "dotdash", or "solid". (3) <pattern>[:<offset>]; <pattern> holds lengths (default unit points) of any number of lines and gaps separated by underscore s. The optional <offset> shifts elements from start of the line [0]. For PDF stroke transparency, append @<transparency> in the range 0-10 0% [0 = opaque]. Choose from the features below. Repeat the -I option as many times a s needed. 0 = Double-lined rivers (river-lakes). 1 = Permanent major rivers. 2 = Additional major rivers. 3 = Additional rivers. 4 = Minor rivers. 5 = Intermittent rivers - major. 6 = Intermittent rivers - additional. 7 = Intermittent rivers - minor. 8 = Major canals. 9 = Minor canals. 10 = Irrigation canals. Alternatively, specify preselected river groups: a = All rivers and canals (0-10). A = All rivers and canals except river-lakes (1-10). r = All permanent rivers (0-4). R = All permanent rivers except river-lakes (1-4). i = All intermittent rivers (5-7). c = All canals (8-10). -K Allow for more plot code to be appended later. -L Draw a map scale at specified reference point. Positioning is specified via one of four coordinate systems: Use -Lg to specify <refpoint> with map coordinates. Use -Lj or -LJ to specify <refpoint> with 2-char justification code (BL, MC, etc). Use -Ln to specify <refpoint> with normalized coordinates in 0-1 ra nge. Use -Lx to specify <refpoint> with plot coordinates. All except -Lx require the -R and -J options to be set. Use J if item should be placed outside the map frame and j if inside. Append 2-char +j<justify> code to associate that anchor point on the map scale with <refpoint>. If +j<justify> is not given then <justify> will default to the same a s <refpoint> (with -Lj), or the mirror opposite of <refpoint> (with -LJ), or MC (else). Optionally, append +o<dx>[/<dy>] to offset map scale from <refpoint> in direction implied by <justify> [0/0]. Use +c<slat> (with central longitude) or +c<slon>/<slat> to specify s cale origin for geographic projections. Set scale length with +w<length> and (for geo projection) append a un it from e|f|k|M|n|u [km]. Several modifiers are optional: Add +f to draw a "fancy" scale [Default is plain]. By default, the scale label equals the distance unit name and is plac ed on top [+at]. Use the +l<label> and +a<align> mechanisms to specify another label and placement (t,b, l,r). For the fancy scale, +u appends units to annotations while for plain scale it uses unit ab breviation instead of name as label. To get a vertical scale instead for Cartesian plots, append +v. -M Dump a multisegment ASCII (or binary, see -bo) file to standard outpu t. No plotting occurs. Specify one of -E, -I, -N, or -W. -N Draw boundaries. Specify feature and optionally append pen [Default for all levels: default,black]. <pen> is a comma-separated list of three optional items in the order: <width>[c|i|p], <color>, and <style>[c|i|p]. <width> >= 0.0 sets pen width (default units are points); alternative ly a pen name: Choose among faint, default, or [thin|thick|fat][er|est], o r obese. <color> = (1) <gray> or <red>/<green>/<blue>, all in range 0-255, (2) <c>/<m>/<y>/<k> in 0-100% range, (3) <hue>-<sat>-<val> in ranges 0-360, 0-1, 0-1, (4) any valid color name. <style> = (1) pattern of dashes (-) and dots (.), scaled by <width>. (2) "dashed", "dotted", "dashdot", "dotdash", or "solid". (3) <pattern>[:<offset>]; <pattern> holds lengths (default unit points) of any number of lines and gaps separated by underscore s. The optional <offset> shifts elements from start of the line [0]. For PDF stroke transparency, append @<transparency> in the range 0-10 0% [0 = opaque]. Choose from the features below. Repeat the -N option as many times a s needed. 1 = National boundaries. 2 = State boundaries within the Americas. 3 = Marine boundaries. a = All boundaries (1-3). -O Set Overlay plot mode, i.e., append to an existing plot. -P Set Portrait page orientation [OFF]. -Q Terminate previously set clip-paths. -S<fill> Paint of clip "wet" areas. Specify <fill> as one of: 1) <gray> or <red>/<green>/<blue>, all in the range 0-255; 2) <c>/<m>/<y>/<k> in range 0-100%; 3) <hue>-<sat>-<val> in ranges 0-360, 0-1, 0-1; 4) any valid color name; 5) P|p<pattern>[+b<color>][+f<color>][+r<dpi>]; Give <pattern> number from 1-90 or a filename, optionally add +r<d pi> [300]. Optionally, use +f,+b to change fore- or background colors (set - for transparency). For PDF fill transparency, append @<transparency> in the range 0-100 [0 = opaque]. 6) c to issue clip paths for water areas. -T Draw a north-pointing map rose at specified reference point. Choose between a directional (-Td) or magnetic (-Tm) rose. Both share most modifiers for locating and sizing the rose. Positioning is specified via one of four coordinate systems: Use -Td|mg to specify <refpoint> with map coordinates. Use -Td|mj or -Td|mJ to specify <refpoint> with 2-char justificatio n code (BL, MC, etc). Use -Td|mn to specify <refpoint> with normalized coordinates in 0-1 range. Use -Td|mx to specify <refpoint> with plot coordinates. All except -Td|mx require the -R and -J options to be set. Use J if item should be placed outside the map frame and j if inside. Append 2-char +j<justify> code to associate that anchor point on the map rose with <refpoint>. If +j<justify> is not given then <justify> will default to the same a s <refpoint> (with -Td|mj), or the mirror opposite of <refpoint> (with -Td|mJ), or MC (else). Optionally, append +o<dx>[/<dy>] to offset map rose from <refpoint> i n direction implied by <justify> [0/0]. Set the diameter of the rose with modifier +w<width>. Several modifiers are optional: Add labels with +l, which places the letters W, E, S, N at the cardin al points. Optionally, append comma-separated west, east, south, north labels instead. Directional rose: Add +f to draws a "fancy" rose [Default is plain]. Optionally, add <level> of fancy rose: 1 draws E-W, N-S directions [Default], 2 adds NW-SE and NE-SW, while 3 adds WNW-ESE, NNW-SSE, NNE-SSW, and ENE-WSW directions. Magnetic compass rose: Optional add +d<dec>[/<dlabel>], where <dec> is the magnetic declination and <dlabel> is an optional label for the magn etic compass needle. If +d does not include <dlabel> we default to "delta = <declination >". Set <dlabel> to "-" to disable the declination label. Append +p<pen> to draw outline of secondary (outer) circle [no circ le]. Append +i<pen> to draw outline of primary (inner) circle [no circle ]. Append +t<pint>[/<sint>] to override default primary and secondary annotation/tick interval(s) [30/5/1]. If the North label = '*' then a north star is plotted instead of the label. -U Plot GMT Unix System Time stamp [and optionally appended text or comm and line]. You may also set the justification point and the relative position of stamp [+jBL+o-54p/-54p]. Add +c to have the command line plotted [OFF]. -V Change the verbosity level (currently v). Choose among 6 levels; each level adds more messages: q - Quiet, not even fatal error messages. n - Normal verbosity: only error messages. c - Also produce compatibility warnings [Default when no -V is used ]. v - Verbose progress messages [Default when -V is used]. l - Long verbose progress messages. d - Debugging messages. -W Draw shorelines. Append pen [Default for all levels: default,black]. <pen> is a comma-separated list of three optional items in the order: <width>[c|i|p], <color>, and <style>[c|i|p]. <width> >= 0.0 sets pen width (default units are points); alternative ly a pen name: Choose among faint, default, or [thin|thick|fat][er|est], o r obese. <color> = (1) <gray> or <red>/<green>/<blue>, all in range 0-255, (2) <c>/<m>/<y>/<k> in 0-100% range, (3) <hue>-<sat>-<val> in ranges 0-360, 0-1, 0-1, (4) any valid color name. <style> = (1) pattern of dashes (-) and dots (.), scaled by <width>. (2) "dashed", "dotted", "dashdot", "dotdash", or "solid". (3) <pattern>[:<offset>]; <pattern> holds lengths (default unit points) of any number of lines and gaps separated by underscore s. The optional <offset> shifts elements from start of the line [0]. For PDF stroke transparency, append @<transparency> in the range 0-10 0% [0 = opaque]. Alternatively, set custom pens below. Repeat the -W option as many t imes as needed. 1 = Coastline. 2 = Lake shores. 3 = Island in lakes shores. 4 = Lake in island in lake shores. When feature-specific pens are used, those not set are deactivated. -X -Y Shift origin of plot to (<xshift>, <yshift>). Prepend r for shift relative to current point (default), prepend a fo r temporary adjustment of origin, prepend f to position relative to lower left co rner of page, prepend c for offset of center of plot to center of page. For overlays (-O), the default setting is [r0], otherwise [f2.54c]. -bo For binary output; append <type>[w][+l|b]; <type> = c|u|h|H|i|I|l|L| f|D.. Prepend <n> for the number of columns for each <type>. -do Replace any NaNs in output data with <nodata>. -p Select a 3-D pseudo perspective view. Append the <azimuth>/<elevation> of the viewpoint [180/90]. When used with -Jz|Z, optionally add /<zlevel> for frame level [botto m of z-axis]. Prepend x or y to plot against the ?all??x = level or y = level [z]. Optionally, append +w<lon0>/<lat0>[/<z0>] to specify a fixed coordina te point or +v<x0>/<y0> for a fixed projected point [region center and page ce nter]. For a plain rotation about the z-axis, give rotation angle only and optionally use +w or +v to select location of axis [plot origin]. -t Set the layer transparency from 0-100 [Default is 0; opaque]. Requires conversion to PDF or raster formats. -^ (or -) Print short synopsis message. -+ (or +) Print longer synopsis message. -? (or no arguments) Print this usage message. --PAR=<value> Temporarily override GMT default setting(s) (repeatable). (See gmt.conf man page for GMT default parameters). ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R102.5/122.5/5.5/25.5 -JM6i -Ia -B0.5g0.5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R102.5/122.5/5.5/25.5 -JM6i -Ia -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R102.5/122.5/5.5/25.5 -JM6i -Ia -L-105/7/10/500 -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R102.5/122.5/5.5/25.5 -JM6i -Ia -L-105/7/10/500m -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps pscoast [COMPATIBILITY]: Distance unit m is deprecated; use M for statute miles user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R102.5/122.5/5.5/25.5 -JM6i -Ia -Lf-105/7/10/500m -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps pscoast [COMPATIBILITY]: Distance unit m is deprecated; use M for statute miles user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R102.5/122.5/5.5/25.5 -JM6i -Ia -Lf-105/7/10/500 -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R102.5/122.5/5.5/25.5 -JM6i -Ia -Lf105/7/10/500 -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R102.5/122.5/5.5/25.5 -JM6i -Lf105/7/10/500 -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R102.5/122.5/5.5/25.5 -JM6i -Lf105/7/10/500k -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R102.5/122.5/5.5/25.5 -JM6i -Lf105/7/10/500m -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps pscoast [COMPATIBILITY]: Distance unit m is deprecated; use M for statute miles user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R102.5/122.5/5.5/25.5 -JM6i -Lf105/7/10/500n -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R102.5/122.5/5.5/25.5 -JM6i -Lf110/7/10/500n -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R102.5/122.5/5.5/25.5 -JM6i -L110/7/10/500n -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R102.5/122.5/5.5/25.5 -JM6i -L110/7/10/500m -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps pscoast [COMPATIBILITY]: Distance unit m is deprecated; use M for statute miles user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R102.5/122.5/5.5/25.5 -JM6i -Lf110/7/10/500+lkm -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R102.5/122.5/5.5/25.5 -JM6i -Lf110/7/10/500+lkm+jt -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R102.5/122.5/5.5/25.5 -JM6i -Lf110/7/10/500+lkm+jb -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R102.5/122.5/5.5/25.5 -JM6i -Lf110/8/10/500+lkm+jb -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R102.5/122.5/5.5/25.5 -JM6i -Lf110/8/10/500+lkm+jt -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R102.5/122.5/5.5/25.5 -JM6i -Lf110/8/20/500+lkm+jt -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R102.5/122.5/5.5/25.5 -JM6i -Lf110/8/0/500+lkm+jt -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R102.5/122.5/5.5/25.5 -JM6i -Lf110/8/60/500+lkm+jt -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R102.5/122.5/5.5/25.5 -JM6i -Lf110/8/10/500+lkm+jt -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_1.ps ``` ### 1.4.4 Albers projection ```GMT= user@meicc-006 ~ $ cd e ``` ``` -bash: cd: e: No such file or directory ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 ~ $ df ``` ``` 檔案系統 1K-區段已用可用已用% 掛載點 C:/cygwin64 233835516 107633332 126202184 47% / E: 118078240 1466432 116611808 2% /cygdrive/e ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 ~ $ cd e:/GMT_1091_JT user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pccoast -R-130/-70/24/52 -JB-100/35/33/45/6i -B10g5:."Conic Projection": -N1/thickest -N2/thinnest -A500 -Ggray -Wthinnest -P > map_W4.ps ``` ``` -bash: pccoast：命令找不到 ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R-130/-70/24/52 -JB-100/35/33/45/6i -B10g5:."Conic Projection": -N1/thickest -N2/thinnest -A500 -Ggray -Wthinnest -P > map_W4.ps ``` ```GMT= ``` ### 1.4.5 Orthographic projection ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R0/360/-90/90 -JG120/30/6i -Bg30/g15 -Ggray -A50 -Df -SDarkTurquoise -P > map_W4.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R0/360/-90/90 -JG0/30/6i -Bg30/g15 -Ggray -A50 -Df -SDarkTurquoise -P > map_W4.ps ``` ### 1.4.6 Eckert IV and VI projection ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R0/360/-90/90 -JKs120/9i -B60g30/30g15 -Ggray -A50 -Df -SDarkTurquoise -Wthinnest -P > map_W4.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R0/360/-90/90 -JKs120/9i -B60g30/30g15 -Ggray -A5000 -Df -SDarkTurquoise -Wthinnest -P > map_W4.ps $ pscoast -R106/123/5/23 -JM6i -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -Scyan -Df -P > map_W4_HW.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R106/123/5/23 -JM6i -B5g5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -SDarkturquoise -Df -P > map_W4_HW.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R106/123/5/23 -JM6i -B5g5 -Lf105/12.5/10/100+lkm+jt -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -SDarkturquoise -Df -P > map_W4_HW.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R106/123/5/23 -JM6i -B5g5 -Lf105/12.5/10/500+lkm+jt -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -SDarkturquoise -Df -P > map_W4_HW.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R106/123/5/23 -JM6i -B5g5 -Lf115/10/10/500+lkm+jt -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -SDarkturquoise -Df -P > map_W4_HW.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R106/123/5/23 -JM6i -B5g5 -Lf110/5/10/500+lkm+jt -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -SDarkturquoise -Df -P > map_W4_HW.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R106/123/5/23 -JM6i -B5g5 -Lf108/7.5/10/500+lkm+jt -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -SDarkturquoise -Df -P > map_W4_HW.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R106/123/5/23 -JM6i -B5g5 -Lf110/7.5/10/500+lkm+jt -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -SDarkturquoise -Df -P > map_W4_HW.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R106/123/5/23 -JM6i -B5g5 -Lf110/7.5/10/200+lkm+jt -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -SDarkturquoise -Df -P > map_W4_HW.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R106/123/5/23 -JM6i -B5g5 -Lf110/7.5/10/300+lkm+jt -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -SDarkturquoise -Df -P > map_W4_HW.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R106/123/5/23 -JM6i -B5g5 -Lf110/7.5/15/300+lkm+jt -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -SDarkturquoise -Df -P > map_W4_HW.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R106/123/5/23 -JM6i -B5g5 -Lf110/7.5/14/300+lkm+jt -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -SDarkturquoise -Df -P > map_W4_HW.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R106/123/5/23 -JM6i -B5g5 -Lf110/7.5/14/500+lkm+jt -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -SDarkturquoise -Df -P > map_W4_HW.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R106/123/5/23 -JM6i -B5g5 -Lf110/7.5/14/300+lkm+jt -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -SDarkturquoise -Df -P > map_W4_HW.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ gmtset FORMAT_GEO_MAP = ddd:mm:ssF ``` `設定畫圖格式(有經緯標號)` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R106/123/5/23 -JM6i -B5g5 -Lf105/12.5/14/300+lkm+jt -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -SDarkturquoise -Df -P > map_W4_HW.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R106/123/5/23 -JM6i -B5g5 -Lf108/12.5/14/300+lkm+jt -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -SDarkturquoise -Df -P > map_W4_HW.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R106/123/5/23 -JM6i -B5g5 -Lf107/12.5/14/300+lkm+jt -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -SDarkturquoise -Df -P > map_W4_HW.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R106/123/5/23 -JM6i -B5g5 -Lf107.5/12.5/14/300+lkm+jt -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -SDarkturquoise -Df -P > map_W4_HW.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R106/123/5/23 -JM6i -B5g5 -Lf107.5/12.75/14/300+lkm+jt -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -SDarkturquoise -Df -P > map_W4_HW.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R106/123/5/23 -JM6i -B5g5 -Lf107.5/13/14/300+lkm+jt -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -SDarkturquoise -Df -P > map_W4_HW.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R106/123/5/23 -JM6i -B5g5 -Lf107.5/13.5/14/300+lkm+jt -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -SDarkturquoise -Df -P > map_W4_HW.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R106/123/5/23 -JM6i -B5g5 -Lf107.75/13.5/14/300+lkm+jt -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -SDarkturquoise -Df -P > map_W4_HW.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R106/123/5/23 -JM6i -B5g5 -Lf107.7/13.5/14/300+lkm+jt -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -SDarkturquoise -Df -P > map_W4_HW.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R106/123/5/23 -JM6i -B5g5 -Lf107.6/13.5/14/300+lkm+jt -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -SDarkturquoise -Df -P > map_W4_HW.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R106/123/5/23 -JM6i -B5g5 -Lf107.6/7/14/300+lkm+jt -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,0/0/0 -SDarkturquoise -Df -P > map_W4_HW.ps ``` ## W5 設定畫圖格式(有經緯標號) ```GMT= gmtset FORMAT_GEO_MAP = ddd:mm:ssF ``` 設定畫圖格式(無經緯標號) ```GMT= gmtset FORMAT_GEO_MAP = ddd:mm:ss ``` ```GMT= pscoast -R105/125/5/25 -JM15c -B5f2.5 -G200/200/200 -Wthinnest,dashed -P > scs.ps pscoast -R105/125/5/25 -JM15c -B5f2.5 -Gp100/18 -Wthinnest,dashed -P > scs.ps ``` `-Gp 解析度/符號代碼` ```GMT= pscoast -R105/125/5/25 -JM15c -B5f2.5 -Gp100/90:F0/255/0B0/0/0 -Wthinnest,dashed -P > scs.ps ``` `-Gp100/90:` `F 符號顏色` `B 陸地背景色` ```GMT= pscoast -R105/125/5/25 -JM15c -B5f2.5 -Gp100/90:FcyanBgray -Wthinnest,dashed -P > scs.ps ``` ```GMT= pscoast -R105/125/5/25 -JM15c -B5f2.5 -GP100/89cyanBgray -Wthinnest,dashed -P > scs.ps ``` `P大寫>>>>>背景顏色與符號對調` ![](https://i.imgur.com/gTdaGLy.png) ### [psxy](https://docs.generic-mapping-tools.org/6.1/psxy.html?highlight=psxy#b) Plot lines, polygons, and symbols in 2-D ### :star:創建一個txt檔 W5_1a.txt 1,1 2,3 4,6 5,7 8,4 10,2 ```GMT= vi W5_1a.txt minmax W5_1a.txt psxy W5_1a.txt -R0/10/0/8 -JX15c -B2 -W1,red,dashed -Gcyan -P > W5_1a.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/HWq0LrB.png) ### :star:創建一個txt檔 W5_1c.txt ```GMT= vi W5_1c.txt minmax W5_1c.txt psxy W5_1c.txt -R0/15/0/10 -JX15c -B2 -h6 -m3 -W1,0/0/255,dashed -Gcyan -P > W5_1c.ps psxy W5_1a.txt -R0/10/0/8 -JX15c -B2 -Sa1c -W1,blue -Gblue -P > W5_1a.ps psxy W5_1a.txt -R0/10/0/8 -JX15c -B2 -Sg2c -W1,blue -Gblue -P > W5_1a.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/HpCfLGM.png) ## W6 1. 在圖上指定的座標位置畫出特定的字串 cat W5_1c.txt ![](https://i.imgur.com/dUqdp8Z.png) ```GMT= psxy W5_1c.txt -R0/10/0/8 -JX15c -B2:."write a letter":WSne -Sl8/Run%3 -W5,red -Gred -P > W6_1c.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/oNgoTlN.png) 2. 畫一個橢圓 cat W6_1b.txt ![](https://i.imgur.com/mUapt7i.png) (x位置, y位置, 方向, 長軸, 短軸) ```GMT= psxy W6_1b.txt -R0/15/0/15 -JX15c -Ba1f0 -Se -W3,cyan -G255 > W6_1b.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/O0yokeR.png) 3. 畫多個橢圓 W6_2b.txt ![](https://i.imgur.com/pzLbeQS.png) ```GMT= psxy W6_2b.txt -R0/15/0/15 -JX15c -Ba1f0.1 -Se -W3,blue -Gcyan > W6_2b.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/aWTfmUC.png) 4. 畫bar ![](https://i.imgur.com/7LD7yy3.png) ```GMT= psxy W6_1a.txt -R0/10/0/10 -JX15c -B2:WSne -Sb0.5c -W0.25,black -Gblue > W6_bar.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/KgaS7NM.png) 5. Pie ![](https://i.imgur.com/rh0ZGgX.png) ```GMT= psxy W6_pie.txt -R0/10/0/10 -JX15c -B2:."plotting a wedge":WSne -Sw4 -W2,black -Gblue > W6_pie.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/S2W9fKk.png) 6. 向量圖(Sv) 以東方為0度(逆時針) ![](https://i.imgur.com/CxWIrrO.png) ```GMT= psxy W6_vec.txt -R0/10/-20/20 -JX15c/8c -B2:."plotting a vector":WSne -Sv0.013/0.185c/0.105 -W0.25p,black -Gblue -V > W6_vec.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/Jno2I5g.png) 7. 向量圖(SV) 以北方為0度(順時針) ![](https://i.imgur.com/7OTpxbN.png) ```GMT= psxy W6_vec.txt -R0/10/-20/20 -JX15c/8c -B2:."plotting a vector":WSne -SV0.013/0.185c/0.105 -W0.25p,black -Gblue -V > W6_Vec2.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/oQvzAjX.png) ## W7 ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psxy W7_1.txt -R0/10/-20/20 -JX15c/8c -B2:."vector":WSne -SV0.013/0.185c/0.105 -W0.25p,black -Gblue -V > W7_1.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psxy W7_1.txt -R0/10/-20/20 -JX15c/8c -B2:."vector":WSne -SV0.03i/0.12i/0.05i -W0.25p,black -Gblue -V > W7_1.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/0egHyDy.png) ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psxy W7_2.txt -R0/10/-20/20 -JX15c/8c -B2:."vector":WSne -SV0.03i/0.12i/0.05i -W0.25p,black -Gblue -V -N> W7_2.ps ``` `-N : 在圖外顯示符號` ![](https://i.imgur.com/EFAgTF7.png) ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psxy W7_error.txt -R0/4/0/4 -JX10c -B1:."error bar":WSne -Ss6p -Ey0.3c -Gblack -P > W7_error.ps ``` | 語法 | 功能 | | -------- | -------- | |-Ey0.3c | Error bar橫槓是以Ey控制長度| |-Ss6p |方形大小以p (pixel) 前的數字調整| ![](https://i.imgur.com/yf723Ah.png) ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psxy W7_error_2.txt -R0/8/0/10 -JX15c -B2:."error bar":WSne -Ss6p -EY0.2c -Gblack -P > W7_error_2.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/1ieNAqN.png) ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psxy W7_error_2.txt -R0/8/0/10 -JX15c -B2:."error bar":WSne -Sd7p -EY0.1c -Gred -W1,blue -P > W7_error_2.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/cpncYs3.png) ```GMT= $ psxy W7_error_2.txt -R0/8/0/10 -JX15c -B2:."error bar":WSne -Sd7p -EY0.1c/purple -Gred -W1,blue -P > W7_error_2.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/kFcyId3.png) ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ awk '{print $0}' quakes.ngdc.txt ``` ``` Historical Tsunami Earthquakes from the NGDC Database Year Mo Da Lat+N Long+E Dep Mag 1987 01 04 49.77 149.29 489 4.1 1987 01 09 39.90 141.68 067 6.8 ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ gawk '{if(NR > 2) print $0}' quakes.ngdc.txt ``` ``` 1987 01 04 49.77 149.29 489 4.1 1987 01 09 39.90 141.68 067 6.8 ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R130/150/35/50 -JM6i -B5 -P -Ggray -Lf134/49/42.5/500 -K > W7_quakes.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psxy -R -J -O -Cquakes.cpt.txt quakes.d.txt -Sci -Wthinnest >> W7_quakes.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/6kCayUl.png) ## W8 ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ cat quakes.ngdc.txt Historical Tsunami Earthquakes from the NGDC Database Year Mo Da Lat+N Long+E Dep Mag 1987 01 04 49.77 149.29 489 4.1 1987 01 09 39.90 141.68 067 6.8 ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ cat quakes.cpt.txt # color palette for seismicity #z0 color z1 color 0 red 100 red 100 green 300 green 300 blue 1000 blue ``` `cpt檔 : 做色階` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ man gawk ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ gawk '{print $0}' quakes.ngdc.txt Historical Tsunami Earthquakes from the NGDC Database Year Mo Da Lat+N Long+E Dep Mag 1987 01 04 49.77 149.29 489 4.1 1987 01 09 39.90 141.68 067 6.8 ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ gawk '{print $0}' quakes.cpt.txt # color palette for seismicity #z0 color z1 color 0 red 100 red 100 green 300 green 300 blue 1000 blue ``` ### 只檢視第一行的資料 ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ gawk '{print $1}' quakes.ngdc.txt Historical Year 1987 1987 ``` ### 只檢視第二行的資料 ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ gawk '{print $2}' quakes.ngdc.txt Tsunami Mo 01 01 ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ gawk '{print $1" "$3}' quakes.ngdc.txt Historical Earthquakes Year Da 1987 04 1987 09 ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ gawk '{print $1"\t"$3}' quakes.ngdc.txt Historical Earthquakes Year Da 1987 04 1987 09 ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ gawk '{if(NR > 1) print $0}' quakes.ngdc.txt Year Mo Da Lat+N Long+E Dep Mag 1987 01 04 49.77 149.29 489 4.1 1987 01 09 39.90 141.68 067 6.8 ``` `NR : 第幾列` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ gawk '{if(NR > 2) print $0}' quakes.ngdc.txt 1987 01 04 49.77 149.29 489 4.1 1987 01 09 39.90 141.68 067 6.8 ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ gawk '{print $0}' quakes.cpt.txt # color palette for seismicity #z0 color z1 color 0 red 100 red 100 green 300 green 300 blue 1000 blue ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ gawk '{if(NR > 2) print $0}' quakes.ngdc.txt > quakes.d ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ gawk '{print $0}' quakes.d 1987 01 04 49.77 149.29 489 4.1 1987 01 09 39.90 141.68 067 6.8 ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R130/150/35/50 -JM6i -B5 -P -Ggray -Lf134/49/42.5/500+ukm -K > w9-1.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psxy quakes.d -R -J -O -Cquakes.cpt.txt quakes.d.txt -Sci -Wthinnest >> W9-1.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/7Ik8yK5.png) ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ gawk '{if(NR > 2) print $5" "$4" "$6" "0.02*$7}' quakes.ngdc.txt > quakes.d user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R130/150/35/50 -JM6i -B5 -P -Ggray -Lf134/49/42.5/500+ukm -K > w9-2.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psxy quakes.d -R -J -O -Cquakes.cpt.txt quakes.d.txt -Sc0.5 -W1/red >> W9-2.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/FE5XVUl.png) ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ gawk '{if(NR > 2) print $5" "$4" "$6" "0.1*$7}' quakes.ngdc.txt > quakes.d user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R130/150/35/50 -JM6i -B5 -P -Ggray -Lf134/49/42.5/500+ukm -K > w9-3.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psxy quakes.d -R -J -O -Cquakes.cpt.txt quakes.d.txt -Sci -W1/red >> W9-3.ps ``` `Sci : 以第7行(Magnitude)為原點大小依據` ![](https://i.imgur.com/dTXNadr.png) ## W9_Mid-term ```GMT= user@meicc-006 ~ $ cd E:\GMT_1091_JT ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ gawk '{if(NR < 145) print $5}' HP0201a.v1 > w9_u.txt ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ gawk '{if(NR < 145) print $5}' HP0201a.v2 > w9_v.txt ``` 先把u,v行資料合併為一個Excel檔(w9_excel_uv.xlsx)，轉成文字檔w9_excel_uv.txt，再放到以下程式執行。 ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ gawk '{if(NR > 1) print $1" "$2}' w9_excel_uv.txt > w9_uv.txt ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ gawk '{print NR,0,atan2($2,$1)*180/3.14159265358 "\t" sqrt($1*$1+$2*$2)}' w9_uv.txt > w9_uv.out user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psxy W9_uv.out -R0/145/-0.1/0.1 -JX25c/15c -B12:."W9_mid_vector":/0.1::WSne -Sv0.003/0.05/0.05 -W0.25,blue -Gwhite -V -N > W9_result.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/O9MNvqO.png) ### 加上scale bar ```GMT= user@meicc-006 ~ $ cd E:\GMT_1091_JT ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ gawk '{if(NR < 145) print $5}' HP0201a.v1 > w9_u.txt user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ gawk '{if(NR < 145) print $5}' HP0201a.v2 > w9_v.txt ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ gawk '{if(NR > 1) print $1" "$2}' w9_excel_uv.txt > w9_uv.txt ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ gawk '{print NR,0,atan2($2,$1)*180/3.14159265358 "\t" 5*sqrt($1*$1+$2*$2)}' w9_uv.txt > w9_uv.out ``` 在w9_uv.out最後一列打上scale bar的位置、角度、大小 ![](https://i.imgur.com/2QI14pH.png) ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psxy W9_uv.out -R0/145/-0.1/0.1 -JX25c/15c -B12:."W9_mid_vector":/0.1::WSne -Sv0.0001/0.05/0.05 -W0.25,blue -Gwhite -V -N > W9_result.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/SitGnUe.png) ### 加上scale bar ```GMT= user@meicc-006 ~ $ cd E:\GMT_1091_JT user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ gawk '{if(NR < 145) print $5}' HP0201a.v1 > w9_u.txt user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ gawk '{if(NR < 145) print $5}' HP0201a.v2 > w9_v.txt user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ gawk '{if(NR > 1) print $1" "$2}' w9_excel_uv.txt > w9_uv.txt user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ gawk '{print NR,0,atan2($2,$1)*180/3.14159265358 "\t" 5*sqrt($1*$1+$2*$2)}' w9_uv.txt > w9_uv.out ``` 在w9_uv.out最後一列打上scale bar的位置、角度、大小 ![](https://i.imgur.com/JW9JChA.png) ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psxy W9_uv.out -R-5/150/-0.1/0.1 -JX25c/15c -B12:."W9_mid_vector (arrow bar length, 5 units)":/0.1::WSne -Sv0.0001/0.05/0.05 -W0.25,blue -Gwhite -V -N > W9_result.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/k12A0zw.png) ## W10 :star: ![](https://i.imgur.com/sMGxQSk.png) ```GMT= $ gawk '{print $0}' quakes.ngdc.txt ``` `'{print $0}':印出該行的每一行的值` Historical Tsunami Earthquakes from the NGDC Database Year Mo Da Lat+N Long+E Dep Mag 1987 01 04 49.77 149.29 489 4.1 ```GMT=2 $ gawk '{if(NR > 2) print $0}' quakes.ngdc.txt ``` `'{if(NR > 2) print $0}':印出第3行之後的每一行的值` 1987 01 04 49.77 149.29 489 4.1 1987 01 09 39.90 141.68 067 6.8 ```GMT=3 $ gawk '{if(NR > 2) print $0}' quakes.ngdc.txt > W10-1.txt ``` 將第3行之後的每一行的值存入W10-1.txt ![](https://i.imgur.com/Wo1p3TV.png) ```GMT=4 $ cat W10-1.txt ``` 1987 01 04 49.77 149.29 489 4.1 1987 01 09 39.90 141.68 067 6.8 ```GMT=5 $ gawk '{if(NR > 2) print $2" "$3}' quakes.ngdc.txt ``` `'{if(NR > 2) print $2" "$3}':印出第3行之後的2、3行的值` 01 04 01 09 ```GMT=6 $ gawk '{if(NR > 2) print $2" "$7}' quakes.ngdc.txt ``` `'{if(NR > 2) print $2" "$7}':印出第3行之後的2、7行的值` 01 4.1 01 6.8 ### :star:轉換為角度 ![](https://i.imgur.com/cQRsutT.png) ```GMT= $ gawk '{print $0}' W10_ang.txt ``` `印出所有內容` 1,1 1,1.732 1.732,1 1,0 ```GMT=2 $ gawk '{print atan2($2,$1)*180/3.14159}' W10_ang.txt ``` `將每一行資料進行計算` 45 $tan^{-1}({1\over 1})$ 59.9993 $tan^{-1}({1.732\over 1})$ 30.0008 $tan^{-1}({1\over 1.732})$ 0 $tan^{-1}({0\over 1})$ ```GMT=3 $ gawk '{print 1" "atan2($2,$1)*180/3.14159}' W10_ang.txt ``` 1 45 1 59.9993 1 30.0008 1 0 ```GMT=4 $ gawk '{print atan2($2,$1)*180/3.14159 "\t" sqrt($1*$1+$2*$2)}' W10_ang.txt ``` 45 1.41421 59.9993 1.99996 30.0008 1.99996 0 1 ### :star:quakes.ngdc.txt ![](https://i.imgur.com/sMGxQSk.png) ```GMT= $ gawk '{if(NR>2) print $5"\t"$4"\t"$6"\t" $7*0.02}' quakes.ngdc.txt ``` 149.29 49.77 489 0.082 141.68 39.90 067 0.136 ```GMT=2 $ gawk '{if(NR>2) print $5"\t"$4"\t"$6"\t" $7*0.02}' quakes.ngdc.txt > W10_quakes.d $ cat W10_quakes.d ``` 149.29 49.77 489 0.082 141.68 39.90 067 0.136 ### :star:quakes.cpt.txt ![](https://i.imgur.com/eMd9iLn.png) ```GMT= $ cat quakes.cpt.txt ``` $\text{# color palette for seismicity}$ #z0 color z1 color 0 red 100 red 100 green 300 green 300 blue 1000 blue ### :star:W10-map.ps ```GMT= $ pscoast -R130/150/35/50 -JM15c -B5 -P -G120 -Lf134/49/42.5/500+ukm -K > W10-map.ps ``` ```GMT=2 $ psxy W10_quakes.d -R -J -Cquakes.cpt.txt -Sci -Wthinnest -O >> W10-map.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/V5oaNPX.png) ### :star:W10-map.ps ```GMT= $ pscoast -R130/150/35/50 -JM15c -B5 -P -G120 -Lf134/49/42.5/500+ukm -K > W10-map.ps ``` ```GMT=2 $ psxy W10_quakes.d -R -J -Cquakes.cpt.txt -Sdi -Wthinnest -O >> W10-map.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/e8xWd9k.png) ### :star:sd1.txt ![](https://i.imgur.com/MI6TJVW.png) ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ gawk '{if(NR>76) print $1"\t"$5}' sd1.txt ``` ``` 4.000 34.2853 5.000 34.2852 6.000 34.2853 7.000 34.2854 8.000 34.2854 9.000 34.2853 10.000 34.2853 11.000 34.2854 12.000 34.2852 13.000 34.2852 14.000 34.2851 15.000 34.2854 16.000 34.2852 17.000 34.2850 18.000 34.2853 19.000 34.2855 20.000 34.2856 21.000 34.2857 22.000 34.2860 23.000 34.2857 24.000 34.2855 25.000 34.2864 26.000 34.2868 27.000 34.2955 28.000 34.3014 29.000 34.3190 30.000 34.3287 31.000 34.3494 32.000 34.3847 33.000 34.4025 34.000 34.4113 35.000 34.4207 36.000 34.4189 37.000 34.4208 38.000 34.4187 39.000 34.4174 40.000 34.4209 41.000 34.4233 42.000 34.4378 43.000 34.4468 44.000 34.4498 45.000 34.4473 46.000 34.4483 47.000 34.4465 48.000 34.4655 49.000 34.4844 50.000 34.4990 51.000 34.5151 52.000 34.5151 53.000 34.5174 54.000 34.5194 55.000 34.5231 56.000 34.5210 57.000 34.5209 58.000 34.5220 59.000 34.5236 60.000 34.5247 61.000 34.5249 62.000 34.5252 63.000 34.5260 64.000 34.5254 65.000 34.5256 66.000 34.5257 67.000 34.5259 68.000 34.5257 69.000 34.5252 70.000 34.5248 71.000 34.5248 72.000 34.5248 73.000 34.5250 74.000 34.5250 75.000 34.5242 76.000 34.5257 77.000 34.5244 78.000 34.5247 79.000 34.5252 80.000 34.5255 81.000 34.5259 82.000 34.5260 83.000 34.5260 84.000 34.5258 85.000 34.5258 86.000 34.5259 87.000 34.5259 88.000 34.5258 89.000 34.5257 90.000 34.5257 91.000 34.5258 92.000 34.5256 93.000 34.5254 94.000 34.5255 95.000 34.5255 96.000 34.5253 97.000 34.5254 98.000 34.5254 99.000 34.5254 100.000 34.5254 101.000 34.5253 ``` ### :star:W10-2.ps ![](https://i.imgur.com/gHepaFp.png) ```GMT= $ pstext .gmtdefaults4.txt -R0/7/0/5 -JX15c -P -B1g1 -GDarkorange > W10-2.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/JGTIFqs.png) --- ### :star:W10_ss.ps ![](https://i.imgur.com/yT7Bx28.png) ```GMT= $ pscoast -R105/123/5/25 -JM15c -B4g4 -W1 -G90 -K > W10_ss.ps ``` ```GMT=2 $ pstext W10_ss.txt -R -J -B -C0.01/0.01 -W255/255/255 -G255 -O >> W10_ss.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/yrH1IYg.png) ### :star:W10_ss.ps ```GMT= $ pscoast -R106/123/5/25 -JM15c -B4g4 -W1 -G90 -K > W10_ss.ps ``` ```GMT=2 $ pstext W10_ss.txt -R -J -B -C0.03/0.03 -W2,blue -G255 -O >> W10_ss.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/gTOwAqb.png) ## W11 https://docs.generic-mapping-tools.org/6.1/tutorial/session-2.html#plotting-text-strings ### :star:W11_ecs.ps ![](https://i.imgur.com/1mTwa7m.png) [ x y ] [ font] [ angle ] [ justify ] my text * The ==font== is the optional font to use * The ==angle== is the angle (measured counterclockwise) between the text’s baseline and the horizontal. * The ==justify== indicates which anchor point on the text-string should correspond to the given ==x, y== location. * ==my text== is the text string or sentence to plot. * See the Technical reference for the relevant two-character codes used for justification. CM:以(中,中)為文字座標中心 ```GMT= $ pscoast -R116/134/23/41 -JM15c -B4g4 -W1 -G90 -K > W11_ecs.ps $ pstext W11_1aa.txt -R -J -C0.02/0.02 -W120/120/120o0.5,cyan -O >> W11_ecs.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/atESH0E.png) --- ### :star:W11_ecs.ps 把文字傾斜角度從0改為45度 ![](https://i.imgur.com/UEMqsJG.png) [ x y ] [ font] [ angle ] [ justify ] my text 字型(fontno)參考 : GMT_Docs.pdf p.190 ![](https://i.imgur.com/BaiPa6u.png) ```GMT= $ pscoast -R116/134/23/41 -JM15c -B4g4 -W1 -G90 -K > W11_ecs.ps $ pstext W11_1aa.txt -R -J -C0.02/0.02 -W120/120/120 -GDarkred -S5,cyan -O >> W11_ecs.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/A99BCTi.png) --- ### :star:W11_1a.ps ![](https://i.imgur.com/vH7uq8r.png) ![](https://i.imgur.com/QGmzFlH.png) ```GMT= $ pstext .gmtdefaults4.txt -R0/7/0/5 -Jx1i -P -B1g1 -Gwhite > W11_1a.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/fWb17ri.png) --- ### :star:W11_1a.ps ![](https://i.imgur.com/RPp8unK.png) ```GMT= $ pstext .gmtdefaults4.txt -R0/7/0/5 -Jx1i -P -B1g1 -Gwhite > W11_1a.ps ``` pstext [COMPATIBILITY]: Use of old style pstext input is deprecated. ![](https://i.imgur.com/FlS2jeJ.png) #### GMT_Docs.pdf p.188 ![](https://i.imgur.com/5HlwYGq.png) ## W12 :star: ```GMT= $ pstext -R0/7/0/7 -Jx1i -B1g1 -GDarkOrange << ! > W12_map1.ps > 2 4 60 0 3 CM EL@nino > ! ``` pstext [COMPATIBILITY]: Use of old style pstext input is deprecated. ![](https://i.imgur.com/N4yhBFN.png) :star: ```GMT= $ pstext -R0/7/0/7 -Jx1i -B1g1 -P << ! > W12_map1.ps > 2 4 60 0 3 CM EL@nino > ! ``` pstext [COMPATIBILITY]: Use of old style pstext input is deprecated. ![](https://i.imgur.com/7DYMV3H.png) :star: ```GMT= $ pstext W12_map1.txt -R0/7/0/7 -Jx1i -B1g1 -GDarkcyan << ! > W12_map1.ps > ! ``` pstext [COMPATIBILITY]: Use of old style pstext input is deprecated. ![](https://i.imgur.com/dUuqlmn.png) :star: ```GMT= $ pstext -R0/7/0/7 -Jx1i -B1g1 -Darkcyan << ! > W12_map1.ps > 2 4 60 0 3 CM EL@aino > ! ``` pstext [COMPATIBILITY]: Use of old style pstext input is deprecated. ![](https://i.imgur.com/LJuaEoc.png) --- ![](https://i.imgur.com/MPtqFu7.png) :star: ```GMT= $ gmtset PS_CHAR_ENCODING Standard+ $ pstext -R0/7/0/7 -Jx1i -B1g1 -P << ! > W12_map2.ps > 4 4 60 0 3 CM @!a\304 > ! ``` pstext [COMPATIBILITY]: Use of old style pstext input is deprecated. ![](https://i.imgur.com/7ckdZfx.png) :star: ```GMT= $ pstext -R0/7/0/7 -Jx1i -B1g1 -P << ! > W12_map3.ps > 4 4 60 0 3 CM @!j\303map > ! ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/M9PwVKD.png) :star: ```GMT= $ pstext -R0/7/0/7 -Jx1i -B1g1 -P << ! > W12_map3.ps > 4 4 60 0 3 CM @!\242\306 > ! ``` pstext [COMPATIBILITY]: Use of old style pstext input is deprecated. ![](https://i.imgur.com/imHueL6.png) :star: ```GMT= $ gmtset PS_CHAR_ENCODING ISOLatin1+ $ pstext -R0/7/0/7 -Jx1i -B1g1 -P << ! > W12_map4.ps > 4 4 60 0 3 CM @\214 > ! ``` pstext [COMPATIBILITY]: Use of old style pstext input is deprecated. ![](https://i.imgur.com/9HVH7Cr.png) :star: ```GMT= $ pstext -R0/7/0/7 -JX4i -P -B1g1 -X1i -Y2i -K << ! > W12_samepage.ps > 4 4 60 0 3 CM \216 > ! ``` pstext [COMPATIBILITY]: Use of old style pstext input is deprecated. :star: ```GMT= $ pscoast -R116/134/23/41 -JM4i -B5g5 -W1 -Ggray -O -X6i >> W12_samepage.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/BjgAEhO.png) ## W13 小考試 : 2021/1/5 期末考 : 2021/1/12斷網路連線openbook :star: ```GMT= user@meicc-006 ~ $ cd e:\GMT_1091_JT ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ gmt begin ``` :star: ```GMT= $ gmt text -R0/7/0/5 -Jx1i -B -F+f30p,Times-Roman,Darkorange+jBL << EOF > 1 3 It's P@al, not Pal! > 1 2 Try @%33%ZChancery@%% today > EOF ``` ```GMT=5 $ gmt end show ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/bMG5WrQ.png) # Tutorial : [SESSION 3](https://docs.generic-mapping-tools.org/6.1/tutorial/session-3.html) # 3.1 Contouring gridded data sets :star: ![](https://i.imgur.com/ILJUIUZ.png) globe topographic data [data.nc](https://tronclass.ntou.edu.tw/course/77624/learning-activity/full-screen#/245753) ```GMT= $ ls data.nc ``` ``` data.nc ``` ```GMT=2 $ grdinfo data.nc ``` ``` data.nc: Title: topography data.nc: Command: data.nc: Remark: ETOPO5 5x5 minute Navy bathymetry data.nc: Gridline node registration used [Cartesian grid] data.nc: Grid file format: nf = GMT netCDF format (32-bit float), CF-1.7 data.nc: x_min: 0 x_max: 359.916656494 x_inc: 0.083333330978 name: n_columns: 4 320 data.nc: y_min: -90 y_max: 90 y_inc: 0.0833333333333 name: n_rows: 2161 data.nc: z_min: 0 z_max: 0 name: topography [m] data.nc: scale_factor: 1 add_offset: 0 data.nc: format: classic ``` ```GMT=7 grd2xyz data.nc -R106/123/5/23 > scs.txt ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/UJS15xb.png) ```GMT=8 minmax scs.txt ``` ``` unknown [COMPATIBILITY]: Module minmax is deprecated; use gmtinfo. scs.txt: N = 44485 <106/123> <5/23> <-5492/2591> ``` :star: ```GMT= grd2xyz data.nc -R294/300/30/35 > bermuda.txt ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/FKPm6Kq.png) ```GMT=2 minmax bermuda.txt ``` ``` unknown [COMPATIBILITY]: Module minmax is deprecated; use gmtinfo. bermuda.txt: N = 4453 <294/299.999991521> <30/35> <-5475/-89> ``` ```GMT=3 xyz2grd bermuda.txt -R294/300/30/35 -I5m -Gbermuda.nc ``` 製造一個grid檔案 bermuda.nc ==grdcontour== : Make contour map using a grid `5m : 5 minute` ```GMT=4 grdcontour bermuda.nc -R294/300/30/35 -JM15c -C500 -A1000+f12 -P -K -B5 > bermuda.ps ``` -C500 : contour 間隔 -A1000f12 : 間隔1000才標數字，字體大小為12 ```GMT=5 pscoast -R -J -B -G150 -Wthinnest -O >> bermuda.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/hYRzA8f.png) ```GMT=6 xyz2grd bermuda.txt -R294/300/30/35 -I2.5m -Gbermuda.nc ``` ```GMT=7 vi bermuda.txt ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/7HkQEmg.png) ```GMT=8 grdcontour data.nc -R294/300/30/35 -JM15c -C500 -A1000+f12 -Q50 -P -K -B5 > bermuda.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/gd3SEuF.png) ```GMT=9 grdcontour data.nc -R294/300/30/35 -JM15c -C500 -A1000+f12 -S30 -Q50 -P -K -B5 > bermuda.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/KsGrAeJ.png) ```GMT=10 grdcontour data.nc -R106/123/5/23 -JM15c -C500 -A1000+f12 -P -K -B5 > W13_data.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/Mr9f0gn.png) ```GMT=11 pscoast -R -J -B -G150 -Wthinnest -O >> W13_data.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/4ieoZf2.png) ### :star:畫海底地形圖 ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ grd2xyz data.nc -R106/123/5/23 > w13_scs.txt user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ minmax w13_scs.txt unknown [COMPATIBILITY]: Module minmax is deprecated; use gmtinfo. w13_scs.txt: N = 44485 <106/123> <5/23> <-5492/2591> user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ xyz2grd w13_scs.txt -R106/123/5/23 -I5m -Gw13_scs.nc user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ grdcontour w13_scs.nc -R106/123/5/23 -JM15c -C500 -A1000+f12 -P -K -B5 > w13_scs.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R -J -B -GChocolate -Wthinnest -O >> w13_scs.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/uQmt9FR.png) ## W14 [:star:3.2 Gridding of arbitrarily spaced data](https://docs.generic-mapping-tools.org/6.1/tutorial/session-3.html#gridding-of-arbitrarily-spaced-data) 下載 ship_5m.xyz ![](https://i.imgur.com/yiGq9cI.png) [:star:3.2.1Nearest neighbor gridding](https://docs.generic-mapping-tools.org/6.1/tutorial/session-3.html#nearest-neighbor-gridding) ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ minmax ship_5m.xyz ``` ``` unknown [COMPATIBILITY]: Module minmax is deprecated; use gmtinfo. ship_5m.xyz: N = 5850 <245.00309/254.681025> <20.00149/29.97895> <-7392/-19> ``` ```GMT=3 user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ nearneighbor ``` `輸出nearneighbor的menu` ``` gmt nearneighbor [core] 6.0.0 [64-bit] [MP] - Grid table data using a "Nearest neighbor" algorithm ``` ### :star:將ship_5m.xyz切出經緯度範圍後，以nearneighbor指令儲存為ship.nc檔，再以grdcontour畫出海底地形圖 W14_ship.ps ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ nearneighbor ship_5m.xyz -R245/255/20/30 -I5m -S40k -Gship.nc user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ grdcontour ship.nc -JM6i -P -B2 -C250 -A1000+f12 > W14_ship.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/ztFN9V6.png) ### :star:-S100k (W14_ship.ps) ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ nearneighbor ship_5m.xyz -R245/255/20/30 -I5m -S100k -Gship.nc user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ grdcontour ship.nc -JM6i -P -B2 -C250 -A1000+f12 > W14_ship.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/0scP9GI.png) ### :star:-Q50 ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ nearneighbor ship_5m.xyz -R245/255/20/30 -I5m -S100k -Gship.nc user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ grdcontour ship.nc -JM6i -R -P -B2 -C250 -A1000+f12 -Q50 > W14_ship.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/iwrwMg5.png) ### :star:-I10m -S40k ```GMT=1 nearneighbor ship_5m.xyz -R245/255/20/30 -I10m -S40k -Gship.nc ``` ```GMT=2 grdcontour ship.nc -JM6i -R -P -B2 -C250 -A1000+f12 -Q50 > W14_ship.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/9wnwNEW.png) ### :star:-S100k ```GMT=1 nearneighbor ship_5m.xyz -R245/255/20/30 -I10m -S100k -Gship.nc ``` ```GMT=2 grdcontour ship.nc -JM6i -R -P -B2 -C250 -A1000+f12 -Q50 > W14_ship.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/kuMA54N.png) ### :star:-I5m -N5/5 -S40k ```GMT= nearneighbor ship_5m.xyz -R245/255/20/30 -I5m -N5/5 -S40k -Gship.nc ``` ```GMT=2 grdcontour ship.nc -JM6i -P -B2 -C250 -A1000+f12 > W14_ship.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/dZEpXt0.png) ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ nearneighbor ship_5m.xyz -R245/255/20/30 -I5m -E-500 -S40k -Gship.nc user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ grdcontour ship.nc -JM6i -P -B2 -C250 -A1000+f12 > W14_ship.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/vjesb8D.png) ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ nearneighbor ship_5m.xyz -R245/255/20/30 -I5m -S40k -Gship.nc user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ grdcontour ship.nc -JM6i -P -B2 -C500 -A1000+f12 > W14_ship.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/fHSpmy1.png) ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ nearneighbor ship_5m.xyz -R245/255/20/30 -I5m -S40k -Gship.nc user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ grdcontour ship.nc -JM6i -P -B2 -C500 -A1000+f12 -K > W14_ship.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R -J -B -G140 -Wthinnest -O >> W14_ship.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/0waUOD8.png) ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ nearneighbor ship_5m.xyz -R245/255/20/30 -I5m -S40k -Gship.nc user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ grdcontour ship.nc -JM6i -P -B2 -C500 -A1000+f12 -Tl+d0.1c -Q10 -K > W14_ship.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R -J -B -G140 -Wthinnest -O >> W14_ship.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/ouNf7i1.png) ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ nearneighbor ship_5m.xyz -R245/255/20/30 -I5m -S40k -Gship.nc user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ grdcontour ship.nc -JM6i -P -B2 -C500 -A1000+f12 -Th+d0.1c -Q10 -K > W14_ship.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R -J -B -G140 -Wthinnest -O >> W14_ship.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/qy3NvbU.png) ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ nearneighbor ship_5m.xyz -R245/255/20/30 -I5m -S40k -Gship.nc user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ grdcontour ship.nc -JM6i -P -B2 -C500 -A1000+f12 -Th+d0.1c -Q10 -S10 -K > W14_ship.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R -J -B -G140 -Wthinnest -O >> W14_ship.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/OrA6h3c.png) ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ xyz2grd ship_5m.xyz -R245/255/20/30 -I5m -Gship.nc user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ grdcontour ship.nc -JM6i -P -B2 -C500 -A1000+f12 -Th+d0.1c -Q10 -S10 > W14_ship.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/4LMutMY.png) ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ xyz2grd ship_5m.xyz -R245/255/20/30 -I10m -Gship.nc user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ grdcontour ship.nc -JM6i -P -B2 -C500 -A1000+f12 -Th+d0.1c -Q10 -S10 > W14_ship.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/kha64KK.png) ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ xyz2grd ship_5m.xyz -R245/255/20/30 -I20m -Gship.nc user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ grdcontour ship.nc -JM6i -R -P -B2 -C500 -A1000+f12 -Th+d0.1c -Q10 -S10 > W14_ship.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/yCkK4wA.png) #### [:star:3.2.3 Preprocessing](https://docs.generic-mapping-tools.org/6.1/tutorial/session-3.html#preprocessing) xyz2grd, nearneighbor 和 surface 是畫格點的三大天王，畫contour要經過這三個指令。 ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ blockmean ship_5m.xyz -R245/255/20/30 -I5m -V > W14_ship_5m.b user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ surface W14_ship_5m.b -R245/255/20/30 -I5m -Gship.nc user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ grdcontour ship.nc -JM6i -R -P -B2 -C500 -A1000+f12 -Th+d0.1c -Q10 -S10 > W14_ship.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/xF4NTTf.png) ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ blockmean ship_5m.xyz -R245/255/20/30 -I5m -V > W14_ship_5m.b user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ surface W14_ship_5m.b -R245/255/20/30 -I2.5m -Gship.nc user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ grdcontour ship.nc -JM6i -R -P -B2 -C500 -A1000+f12 -Th+d0.1c -Q10 -S10 -K > W14_ship.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R -J -B -Gcyan -Wthinnest -O >> W14_ship.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/VulgLiH.png) ## W15 ### :star:[資料前處理選項](https://docs.generic-mapping-tools.org/6.1/tutorial/session-3.html#preprocessing) | Preprocessors | function | A rule of thumb | | -------- | -------- | -------- | | blockmean | averages values inside the grid-spacing boxes | use means for most smooth data (such as potential fields) | | blockmedian |returns median values|use medians (or modes) for rough, non-Gaussian data (such as topography)| | blockmode| returns modal values| use modes(or medians) for rough, non-Gaussian data (such as topography) | ```GMT= minmax ship_5m.xyz ``` unknown [COMPATIBILITY]: Module minmax is deprecated; use gmtinfo. ship_5m.xyz: N = 5850 <245.00309/254.681025> <20.00149/29.97895> <-7392/-19> ```GMT=2 blockmean ship_5m.xyz -R245/255/20/30 -I5m > W15_ship_5m.txt ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/I0ZR2wN.png) ```GMT=3 surface W15_ship_5m.txt -R245/255/20/30 -I5m -Gship.nc ``` 存為檔案 : ship.nc ```GMT=4 grdcontour ship.nc -R245/255/20/30 -JM6i -B2 -C250 -A1000 > W15_map.ps ``` $245^o$等同於$360^o-245^o=115^o$ $255^o$等同於$360^o-245^o=105^o$ ![](https://i.imgur.com/tdLQWHN.png) ### [psmask](https://docs.generic-mapping-tools.org/6.1/psmask.html?highlight=psmask) : Clip or mask map areas with no data table coverage ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psmask W15_ship_5m.txt -R245/255/20/30 -JM6i -I5m -B2 -P -K > W15_map.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ grdcontour ship.nc -J -R -C250 -A1000 -Q30 -K -O >> W15_map.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psmask -R -J -C -O >> W15_map.ps ``` `-C : 取消遮罩` ![](https://i.imgur.com/fXyJG0B.png) ### psmask ( -Ggray ) 可看出遮罩範圍 ```GMT=1 psmask W15_ship_5m.txt -R245/255/20/30 -JM6i -I5m -B2 -P -Ggray -K > W15_map.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/x5X4cdH.png) ```GMT=2 grdcontour ship.nc -J -R -C250 -A1000 -Q30 -K -O >> W15_map.ps ```` ![](https://i.imgur.com/YJMywQG.png) ```GMT=3 psmask -R -J -C -O >> W15_map.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/mCobLqt.png) ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psmask W15_ship_5m.txt -R245/255/20/30 -JM6i -I5m -B2 -P -K > W15_map.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ grdcontour ship.nc -J -R -C250 -A1000 -Q30 -K -O >> W15_map.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ psmask -R -J -C -O -K >> W15_map.ps user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ pscoast -R -J -B -Gcyan -Wthinnest -O >> W15_map.ps ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/56BQUVU.png) ### 巨集指令 : 存成bat檔(W15_map.bat) ![](https://i.imgur.com/DkWNDoN.png) ![](https://i.imgur.com/aIQ7euG.png) ``` @echo off psmask W15_ship_5m.txt -R245/255/20/30 -JM6i -I5m -B2 -P -K > W15_map.ps grdcontour ship.nc -J -R -C250 -A1000 -Q30 -K -O >> W15_map.ps psmask -R -J -C -O -K >> W15_map.ps pscoast -R -J -B -Gcyan -Wthinnest -O >> W15_map.ps ``` ```GMT=12 user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ ./W15_map.bat ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/C0ZWABD.png) ### 巨集指令 : 存成bat檔 (W15_map_ship.bat) ![](https://i.imgur.com/rpFHh0D.png) ``` @echo off psmask W15_ship_5m.txt -R245/255/20/30 -JM6i -I5m -B2 -P -Ggray -K > W15_map_ship.ps grdcontour ship.nc -J -R -C250 -A1000 -Q30 -K -O >> W15_map_ship.ps psmask -R -J -C -O -K >> W15_map_ship.ps pscoast -R -J -B -Gcyan -Wthinnest -O >> W15_map_ship.ps ``` ```GMT= $ ./W15_map_ship.bat ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/vOkXJ0J.png) ### :star:W15_map_ship_all.bat ![](https://i.imgur.com/7ejyjbX.png) ``` @echo off blockmean ship_5m.xyz -R245/255/20/30 -I5m > W15_ship_5m.txt surface W15_ship_5m.txt -R245/255/20/30 -I5m -Gship.nc psmask W15_ship_5m.txt -R245/255/20/30 -JM6i -I5m -B2 -P -Ggray -K > W15_map_ship_all.ps grdcontour ship.nc -J -R -C250 -A1000 -Q30 -K -O >> W15_map_ship_all.ps psmask -R -J -C -O -K >> W15_map_ship_all.ps pscoast -R -J -B -Gcyan -Wthinnest -O >> W15_map_ship_all.ps ``` ```GMT= $ ./W15_map_ship_all.bat ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/VHtMfQ4.png) ### :star:色階指令(makecpt) https://docs.generic-mapping-tools.org/6.1/tutorial/session-4.html#session-four ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ makecpt -Crainbow -T-20/60/10 > W15_disc.cpt ``` `預設 : 分段色階(discrete)` ![](https://i.imgur.com/LnW55Gj.png) ### 色階指令(makecpt)，加上-Z ```GMT=3 user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ makecpt -Crainbow -T-20/60/10 -Z > W15_cont.cpt ``` `-Z : 連續色階(continuous)` ![](https://i.imgur.com/9XMaYKD.png) ### ![](https://i.imgur.com/aQRP9E4.png) ``` @echo off psbasemap -R0/8.5/0/11 -Jx1i -P -B0 -K > W15_bar.ps psscale -D3i/3i/4i/0.5ih -CW15_disc.cpt -K -O >> W15_bar.ps psscale -D3i/5i/4i/0.5ih -CW15_cont.cpt -K -O >> W15_bar.ps psscale -D3i/7i/4i/0.5ih -CW15_disc.cpt -I0.5 -K -O >> W15_bar.ps psscale -D3i/9i/4i/0.5ih -CW15_cont.cpt -I0.5 -O >> W15_bar.ps ``` ```GMT=5 user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ ./W15_bar.bat ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/XAVBpaX.png) ### :star:將等深線加上色階 ![](https://i.imgur.com/RKWRzAM.png) ``` @echo off minmax ship_5m.xyz blockmean ship_5m.xyz -R245/255/20/30 -I5m > ship.b surface ship.b -R245/255/20/30 -I5m -Gship.nc makecpt -Crainbow -T-7000/0/500 -Z > W15_topo.cpt grdimage ship.nc -R245/255/20/30 -B2 -JM6i -CW15_topo.cpt -K -P > W15_map_bar.ps grdcontour ship.nc -R -J -C250 -A1000 -Q30 -K -O >> W15_map_bar.ps pscoast -R -J -B -Ggray -Dh -W1 -K -O >> W15_map_bar.ps psscale -D5.15i/5i/2i/0.25i -CW15_topo.cpt -B1000 -I0.5 -K -O >> W15_map_bar.ps ``` ```GMT= user@meicc-006 /cygdrive/e/GMT_1091_JT $ ./W15_bar_map.bat ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/q19Tq1V.png) ## W16 ### :star: gmtset MEASURE_UNIT inch ![](https://i.imgur.com/E3qqMBd.png) ``` @echo off gmtset MEASURE_UNIT inch makecpt -Ccopper -T-20/60/10 >W16_disc.cpt makecpt -Crainbow -T-20/60/10 -Z >W16_cont.cpt psbasemap -R0/8.5/0/11 -JX7 -P -B0 -K > W16_bar.ps psscale -D3/1/4/0.5h -CW16_disc.cpt -B+t"discrete" -K -O >> W16_bar.ps psscale -D3/3/4/0.5h -CW16_cont.cpt -B+tcontinous -K -O >> W16_bar.ps psscale -D3/5/4/0.5h -CW16_cont.cpt -B+tcontinous -I0.9 -K -O >> W16_bar.ps ``` ```GMT= $ ./W16_color.bat ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/y1UBwnN.png) ### :star: gmtset PROJ_LENGTH_UNIT inch ![](https://i.imgur.com/FjasqcR.png) ``` @echo off gmtset PROJ_LENGTH_UNIT inch makecpt -Ccopper -T-20/60/10 >W16_disc.cpt makecpt -Crainbow -T-20/60/10 -Z >W16_cont.cpt psbasemap -R0/8.5/0/11 -JX7 -P -B0 -K > W16_bar.ps psscale -D3/1/4/0.5h -CW16_disc.cpt -B+t"discrete" -K -O >> W16_bar.ps psscale -D3/3/4/0.5h -CW16_cont.cpt -B+tcontinous -K -O >> W16_bar.ps psscale -D3/5/4/0.5h -CW16_cont.cpt -B+tcontinous -I0.9 -K -O >> W16_bar.ps ``` ```GMT= $ ./W16_color.bat ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/cRlKCT7.png) ### :star: 加州海底地形 ```GMT= $ minmax ship_5m.xyz ```` unknown [COMPATIBILITY]: Module minmax is deprecated; use gmtinfo. ship_5m.xyz: N = 5850 <245.00309/254.681025> <20.00149/29.97895> <-7392/- 19> ```GMT=2 $ blockmean ship ``` ship.b ship.nc ship_5m.b ship_5m.xyz ```GMT=3 $ blockmean ship_5m.xyz -R245/255/20/30 -I5m > W16_ship_5m.b $ surface W16_ship_5m.b -R245/255/20/30 -I5m -Gship.nc -T0.75 $ makecpt -Crainbow -T-7000/0 -Z > W16_ship.cpt $ grdimage ship.nc -R245/255/20/30 -JM15c -B2WSne -CW16_ship.cpt -P -K > W16_ship.ps $ pscoast -J -R -Dh -Wthinnest -G155 -B -O >> W16_ship.ps ``` * blockmean : Block average (x,y,z) data tables by mean estimation * surface : Grid table data using adjustable tension continuous curvature splines * makecpt : Make GMT color palette tables * grdimage : Project and plot grids or images * pscoast : Plot continents, countries, shorelines, rivers, and borders `-I5m : 解析度設定為 5 minute` ![](https://i.imgur.com/Y7bSJ0o.png) ### :star: 加州海底地形，陸地上加上文字 ![](https://i.imgur.com/nRQZCgC.png) ``` @echo off minmax ship_5m.xyz blockmean ship_5m.xyz -R245/255/20/30 -I5m > W16_ship_5m.b surface W16_ship_5m.b -R245/255/20/30 -I5m -Gship.nc -T0.75 makecpt -Crainbow -T-7000/0 -Z > W16_ship.cpt grdimage ship.nc -R245/255/20/30 -JM15c -B2WSne -CW16_ship.cpt -P -K > W16_ship.ps pscoast -J -R -Dh -Wthinnest -G155 -B -O -K >> W16_ship.ps pstext W16_tt.txt -J -R -C0.01/0.01 -W255/255/255 -O >> W16_ship.ps ``` ```GMT= $ ./W16_text_on_map.bat ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/VBSm0Ot.png) ### :star:s0w.txt ```GMT= $ minmax s0w.txt ``` unknown [COMPATIBILITY]: Module minmax is deprecated; use gmtinfo. s0w.txt: N = 11881 <1/109> <1/109> <-0.00214761007/0.0347473696> ```GMT=2 $ gawk '{if($3>0) print ($1-1)/6+116 " " ($2-1)/6+23 " " $3*1000}' s0w.txt > W16_s0w_1.txt ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/55YeUnk.png) ``` @echo off minmax s0w.txt gawk '{if($3>0) print ($1-1)/6+116 " " ($2-1)/6+23 " " $3*1000}' s0w.txt > W16_s0w_1.txt minmax W16_s0w_1.txt blockmean W16_s0w_1.txt -R115/134/22/45 -I5m> W16_s0w_1.b surface W16_s0w_1.b -R115/134/22/45 -I5m -GW16_s0w_1.nc -T0.75 makecpt -Crainbow -T0/35/5 -Z > W16_s0w_1.cpt grdimage W16_s0w_1.nc -R115/134/22/45 -JM15c -B2WSne -CW16_s0w_1.cpt -P -K > W16_s0w_1.ps pscoast -J -R -Dh -Wthinnest -G155 -B -O -K >> W16_s0w_1.ps psscale -D5.15i/7.5i/2i/0.25i -CW16_s0w_1.cpt -B5 -I0.5 -O -K >> W16_s0w_1.ps ``` ```GMT=3 $ ./W16_s0w.bat ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/jiz3KeP.png) ## W17 grdgradient :star: ![](https://i.imgur.com/9umc369.png) ``` minmax ship_5m.xyz blockmean ship_5m.xyz -R245/255/20/30 -I5m > W17_ship_5m.b surface W17_ship_5m.b -R245/255/20/30 -I2.5m -Gship.nc -T0.75 makecpt -Crainbow -T-7000/0/250 -Z > W17_ship.cpt grdgradient ship.nc -Ne0.8 -A100 -M -GW17_ship_i.nc grdimage ship.nc -IW17_ship_i.nc -R -JM15c -B2WSNE -CW17_ship.cpt -P -K > W17_ship.ps pscoast -J -R -Dh -Wthinnest -G155 -B -O -K >> W17_ship.ps psscale -Dx0.05i/7.5i+w6i/0.2i+h -CW17_ship.cpt -I0.4 -Bx1000+lm -O -K >> W17_ship.ps pstext W17_tt.txt -J -R -C0.01/0.01 -W255/255/255 -O >> W17_ship.ps ``` 使用[grdgradient](https://docs.generic-mapping-tools.org/6.1/grdgradient.html?highlight=grdgradient) 使地形立體化 grdgradient:Compute directional gradients from a grid ```GMT= $ ./W17_topo_map.bat ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/hzhs0kO.png) :star: 下載【東海水深資料】資料 : [ecs.txt](https://tronclass.ntou.edu.tw/course/77624/learning-activity#/251053) ![](https://i.imgur.com/fa89xIa.png) :arrow_down::arrow_down::arrow_down::arrow_down::arrow_down: ``` @echo off minmax ecs.txt blockmean ecs.txt -R116/134/23/41 -I5m > W17_ecs.b surface W17_ecs.b -R116/134/23/41 -I2.5m -S50k -GW17_ecs.nc -T0.95 makecpt -Crainbow -T-7100/0/100 -Z > W17_ecs.cpt grdgradient W17_ecs.nc -Ne0.8 -A100 -M -GW17_ecs_i.nc grdimage W17_ecs.nc -IW17_ecs_i.nc -R -JM3.5i -B5WSne -CW17_ecs.cpt -P -K -X7.5c -Y17.5c > W17_test.ps pscoast -J -R -Dh -Wthinnest -G155 -B -O -K >> W17_test.ps psscale -Dx10c/0c+w2.5i/0.2i+v -CW17_ecs.cpt -I0.4 -Bx1000+lm -O -K >> W17_test.ps grdcontour W17_ecs.b -R116/134/23/41 -JM3.5i -C250 -A1000+f12 -P -Q50 -B5 -Y-15c -O -K >> W17_test.ps pscoast -R -J -B -G155 -Wthinnest -O >> W17_test.ps ``` ```GMT $ ./W17_test.bat ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/TCYJrUN.png) ## W18

Syntax	Example	Reference
# Header	Header	基本排版
- Unordered List	Unordered List
1. Ordered List	Ordered List
- [ ] Todo List	Todo List
> Blockquote	Blockquote
Bold font	Bold font
Italics font	Italics font
~~Strikethrough~~	~~Strikethrough~~
19^th^	19^th
H~2~O	H₂O
++Inserted text++	Inserted text
==Marked text==	Marked text
[link text](https:// "title")	Link
![image alt](https:// "title")	Image
`Code`	`Code`	在筆記中貼入程式碼
```javascript var i = 0; ```	`var i = 0;`
:smile:		Emoji list
{%youtube youtube_id %}	Externals
$L^aT_eX$	L^aT_eX
:::info This is a alert area. :::	This is a alert area.