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    --- type: slide --- <style> html, body, .ui-content { background-color: #333; color: #ddd; } .markdown-body h1, .markdown-body h2, .markdown-body h3, .markdown-body h4, .markdown-body h5, .markdown-body h6 { color: #ddd; } .markdown-body h1, .markdown-body h2 { border-bottom-color: #ffffff69; } .markdown-body h1 .octicon-link, .markdown-body h2 .octicon-link, .markdown-body h3 .octicon-link, .markdown-body h4 .octicon-link, .markdown-body h5 .octicon-link, .markdown-body h6 .octicon-link { color: #fff; } .markdown-body img { background-color: transparent; } .ui-toc-dropdown .nav>.active:focus>a, .ui-toc-dropdown .nav>.active:hover>a, .ui-toc-dropdown .nav>.active>a { color: white; border-left: 2px solid white; } .expand-toggle:hover, .expand-toggle:focus, .back-to-top:hover, .back-to-top:focus, .go-to-bottom:hover, .go-to-bottom:focus { color: white; } .ui-toc-dropdown { background-color: #333; } .ui-toc-label.btn { background-color: #191919; color: white; } .ui-toc-dropdown .nav>li>a:focus, .ui-toc-dropdown .nav>li>a:hover { color: white; border-left: 1px solid white; } .markdown-body blockquote { color: #bcbcbc; } .markdown-body table tr { background-color: #5f5f5f; } .markdown-body table tr:nth-child(2n) { background-color: #4f4f4f; } .markdown-body code, .markdown-body tt { color: #eee; background-color: rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.36); } a, .open-files-container li.selected a { color: #5EB7E0; } </style> <!-- slide start --> # Python Tutorial 🐍 ## Chapter 2 --- ## 📍 `GMJH` #### ⏱ `2023/07/10` ~ `2023/07/13` --- ## Today Topic - loop - while - for --- # Before we start ... ---- ## Slido - **線上匿名提問** - 問都問 🫵 - [present link](https://wall.sli.do/event/v4NmQd5VwgA4rBrStRi4fk?section=19f4a706-900d-45a0-87e1-46b0ac1176c3) - [admin link](https://admin.sli.do/event/v4NmQd5VwgA4rBrStRi4fk/polls) --- # Tools ⚙️ ---- ## Replit - Online IDE - [replit.com](https://replit.com/) ![](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/Syc6WS_F3.png) --- # Warm up 🔥 ---- # input() , print() ---- # Data types ---- # X = X + 1 ---- # 特別的運算子 <!-- ---- ## Kahoot [Warm up 🧠](https://create.kahoot.it/my-library/kahoots/9c573301-540f-4546-9b3e-c9a4d1adc942) --> ---- ## if / else --- ## Loop ---- 如何讓程式解決「重複」的工作呢? ---- 就要用到「迴圈」這個語法 ---- ## 迴圈 Loop - while loop - for loop --- ## while ---- 用英文來看: **當** ... 時 ---- ## while 語法 ```python3 while 條件: 要執行的程式 ``` 當符合 `條件` 時 <br> 就會重複跑過縮排區塊的程式 ```python3! while True: print("ouo") ``` ---- ## 如何強制停止程式 <br> 當我們不小心寫出無窮迴圈時 要用 `ctrl + c` 停止程式! ---- ## while 範例 跑 `n` 幾次 ```python3! n = 10 i = 0 while i<n: print(i) i=i+1 print("i after while" , i ) ``` ---- ## while 練習:2 的倍數 用 `while` 印出 `0` ~ `100` 所有 `2` 的倍數 ---- ## while 練習:猜數字改寫 把昨天的「猜數字」加上 `while` 讓程式跑到**猜中**為止 沒猜對的話: 就提示大於、小於 ---- ## while 練習:3n+1 循環問題 ![](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/r1zedInK3.png) - `n` 如果是 `奇數` : - `n = 3*n + 1` - `n` 如果是 `偶數` : - `n = n / 2` - 當 `n` 是 `1` 時 : - 程式停止 ---- ## while 搭配 input [zerojudge d070](https://zerojudge.tw/ShowProblem?problemid=d070) - 我們已經會判斷閏年了 - 不過這次程式需要一直讀入 `year` <br> 直到 `year` 是 `0` 為止 --- ## for ---- 一種通常將 `i` 當做變數的迴圈 ---- 通常用於明確知道要跑 `n` 次 ---- ## for 語法 ```python for i in range(10): print( i ) ``` 要注意 `for` 的 `range` 的起始值還有結尾!!! ---- ## for 語法 ```python for i in range(n): print( i ) ``` - `i` 預設都由 `0` 開始 - `i` 不會跑到 `n` - 可以看成在判斷 `i < n` ---- ## for 小練習 輸入一個變數 `n` 並讓程式輸出 `1` ~ `n` ```python n = int(input("enter a number")) # ... ``` ---- ## for 語法變化 `range(起始,結尾)` 並不包含 `結尾` !!! ```python3! for i in range(3,7): print(i) ``` ---- ## for 練習-階層 輸入 `n` 並輸出 `n` 階層 階層定義: - 由 `1` 乘到 `n` - `3!` = `6` - `4!` = `24` - `5!` = `120` ---- ## for 練習-判斷質數 要如何判斷質數呢? Hint : - 質數的定義 - 跟取餘數有關 --- ## nested loop ---- 有提過巢狀 if / else 那當然也有巢狀迴圈 ---- 也記得注意縮排!!! ---- ## Example ```python3 for i in range(10): for j in range(10): print( f"({i},{j})" ) ``` ---- ## 巢狀迴圈練習-9x9乘法表 嘗試用巢狀迴圈印出 9x9 乘法表 ---- ## 巢狀迴圈練習-列出因數 輸入 `n` 並印出 `1` ~ `n` 所有數字各自的因數

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