英文寫作的連接詞片語

好像…

As if/though

Tina seems as if she had finished the homework, but we know she didn't bring it home.

在因果關係中點出某個事實並做出推斷/後果

Since
As
Now that
Seeing that
Because of the fact that
Due to the fact that
For the reason that
Owing to the fact
Inasmuch as

例句

Now that I have cleaned the dishes, I can play video games.
Seeing that the customer won't be back, we should call the police.

在因果關係中表達出目的

For the purposes of + Ving
With this fact in mind that + S + V
In the hope that + S + V
In order that + S + V / to + V.
So as to + V.
So that + S + V

例句

I am willing to clean dishes so that I can play video games
I am willing to clean dishes so as to play video games.
I am willing to clean dishes for the purpose of playing video games.
I am willing to clean dishes with the fact in mind that I can play video games.
I am willing to clean dishes in the hope of playing video games.
I am willing to clean dishes in order to play video games.

在因果關係中防範一件事的發生解釋原因

in case + S + V
lest + S + (should) + V
for fear + (that) + S + V
for fear of + Ving
if + S + V
in the event that
should (萬一)

例句

I must keep some cash in my wallet in case the store only accepts cash.
I must keep some cash in my wallet if the store only accepts cash.
I must keep some cash in my wallet in the event that the store only accepts cash.
I must keep some cash in my wallet should the store only accept cash.
I must keep some cash in my wallet for fear that the store only accepts cash.
I must keep some cash in my wallet lest the store only accepts cash.
I must keep some cash in my wallet for fear of the store only accepting cash.

表示轉折

詳細差異不明

But
Still
Conversely
and yet
when in fact
By way of contrast

Although/Even though

後面接句子
- although
- though
- even though
- while
- whereas
- Nonetheless
後面接名詞
- Despite
- In spite of

用來帶出一個事實接下來是一個超出預期的結果 (在那個事實之下不應該發生)

"Although it was raining, we still enjoyed our picnic."

However/Nevertheless

however
nevertheless
Regardless of
Notwithstanding
Even so

帶出一個超乎預期的資訊這個資訊是在某個事實之下不應該發生的

Although: “Although I was extremely tired, I kept on working.”
However: “I was extremely tired. However, I kept on working.”
Nevertheless: “I was extremely tired. Nevertheless, I kept on working.”

Although: “Although my brother is talented, he is lazy and does not make use of his talents.”
However: “My brother is talented. However, he is lazy and does not make use of his talents.”
Nevertheless: “My brother is talented. Nevertheless, he is lazy and does not make use of his talents.”

However並不一定要遵守Nevertheless的邏輯規則

But: She likes coffee for breakfast, but her husband prefers tea.
However: She likes coffee for breakfast. Her husband, however, prefers tea.

But: I waited for her for half an hour, but she did not show up.
However: I waited for her for half an hour. However, she did not show up.

Admittedly/Be that as it may

承認一個對方的觀點接著引出自己的觀點

Admittedly, smoking can be relaxing, but it poses serious health risks.
Admittedly, the new policy has its benefits, but it also has drawbacks.
Building a new children's home will cost a lot of money but, be that as it may, there is an urgent need for the facility.

On the contrary

用於表達相反的觀點或事實，通常是作為對先前所述的觀點的反駁。這個片語後面的句子被認為是比較正確或更可靠的觀點。

"Many people believe that exercise is the key to weight loss. On the contrary, some studies suggest that diet plays a more significant role."

(By/In) contrast (to/with)

對照用於表達兩者之間的對比或差異，通常用於展示相對應或相反的情況。

"The control group showed no significant change in blood pressure over the course of the study. In contrast, the experimental group experienced a marked decrease in blood pressure."

"On the other hand"

用於引出另一方面的觀點或情況，通常用於對前文所述的觀點進行補充或對比。適用於提出不同觀點或方法來解釋同一現象的情況。

"Exercise is essential for maintaining physical health. On the other hand, it's important to remember that rest and recovery are equally crucial for overall well-being."

新增資訊

Also: "Also" 用於引出與先前提到的事情相似或相關的另一個事情，表示附加或補充的信息。它的使用與其他片語相比較通用，通常放在句子中的任何位置。例如："He enjoys swimming. He also likes hiking."
Additionally: "Additionally" 表示提供額外的信息或補充說明，用於引出另一個相關但不完全相同的觀點或事實。它通常放在句子中的任何位置。例如："She speaks Spanish fluently. Additionally, she is learning French."
Furthermore: "Furthermore" 用於引出更進一步的信息或更多的證據，強調先前提到的事情的重要性或正確性。它通常用於支持先前的觀點或主張。例如："The project was completed on time. Furthermore, it was under budget."
Moreover: "Moreover" 表示提供更多相關的信息或進一步證明，用於引出另一個相關但不完全相同的觀點或事實。它通常放在句子中的任何位置。例如："The food was delicious. Moreover, the service was excellent."
In addition to: "In addition to" 表示除了先前提到的事情之外還有其他的事情，通常用於列舉其他相關的事物。它後面通常接名詞或名詞片語。例如："In addition to English, he speaks French and German."
As well as: "As well as" 也是用於列舉其他相關的事物，強調與先前提到的事情相似或相關的其他事物。它通常放在句子中的任何位置。例如："He enjoys playing soccer, as well as basketball."
In fact: "In fact" 表示提供事實上的信息，用於強調先前提到的觀點或主張是正確的。它通常放在句子中的任何位置。例如："She thought she was late, but in fact, she arrived early."
Not only … but also: "Not only … but also" 用於強調兩個相關但不同的事物或情況，強調兩者之間的對比或相似之處。它通常用於列舉兩個相似的事物，其中 "not only" 強調第一個事物，而 "but also" 強調第二個事物。例如："Not only does he speak French fluently, but also German."
As a matter of fact: "As a matter of fact" 表示提供事實上的信息，用於強調先前提到的觀點或主張是正確的。它通常放在句子中的任何位置。例如："He thought he was wrong, but as a matter of fact, he was right."

雖然這些片語在提供附加信息或補充證據方面有些相似，但它們在用法上略有不同，並且可能用於不同的上下文或語境中。

介紹/強調

Particularly: "Particularly" 表示對某件事情或情況的特別關注，用於指出某個方面尤其重要或突出。它強調了某個特定的情況或例子。例如："She loves all kinds of music, particularly jazz."
Notably: "Notably" 表示提到一個引人注目或值得注意的事情，用於指出某個方面特別顯著或重要。它通常用於引出一個特殊的例子或情況。例如："Several notable scientists attended the conference."
Especially: "Especially" 表示對某件事情或情況的特別關注，用於指出某個方面特別重要或特別突出。它強調了某個特定的情況或例子。例如："She loves all kinds of flowers, especially roses."
For example: "For example" 用於引出一個具體的例子，以支持或解釋先前提到的觀點或主張。它通常用於列舉一些相似的事物或情況。例如："Many fruits, such as apples and oranges, are rich in vitamin C."
For instance: "For instance" 也用於引出一個具體的例子，以支持或解釋先前提到的觀點或主張。它與 "for example" 用法類似，但在一些情況下更加正式。例如："There are many ways to stay healthy, for instance, eating a balanced diet and exercising regularly."
To illustrate: "To illustrate" 表示提供一個例證或舉例來解釋或證明先前提到的觀點或主張。它通常用於引出一個具體的例子，以更好地解釋或說明。例如："Let me give you an example to illustrate what I mean."
In particular: "In particular" 用於指出某個特定的事情或情況，強調這一點尤其重要或值得關注。它通常用於強調一個特定的例子或情況。例如："Several issues need to be addressed, in particular, the lack of funding."
One example: "One example" 用於引出一個具體的例子，以支持或解釋先前提到的觀點或主張。它強調其中的一個例子或情況。例如："There are many reasons for the decline in sales, one example being the recent economic downturn."

參照

Considering this
Concerning this
Regrading this
As for this
The fact that
With regards to this
On the subject to this
Looking at this information

相似性

Similarly
Likewise
Equally
By the same token
In the same way
In a similar way

重要資訊

Specifically
Namely
That is to say
In other words
To put it another way
What this means is
This means that

衝突 / 相反

比對相異

強調

Indeed
Besides
Significantly
Primarily
Even more
Above alll
More/Most importantly

承認

弱化論點

Regardless of
Either way
In any case
In any event
Whatever happens
All the same
At any rate

替換方法

Instad of
or rather
or at least

因果

解釋條件

If … then
Unless
Granting that
Granted that
Provided that
In the event that
As long as
Only if

表示結果

Consequently
Therefore
Thus
Accordingly
Because of
As a result of
For this reason
As a consequence
So much so that

展現目的

強調前提的重要性

Otherwise
Under those circumstances
That being the case
In that case
If so
All else being equal

順序 / 架構

以順序做組織

Initially
Secondly
First/Second/Third
Thirdly
Last
First of all
To start with
In the (first/second/third) place

延續性

Subsequently
Previously
Afterwards
Eventually
Next
After this

重複資訊

Once again
Summarizing this
To repeat
As stated before
As mentioned earlier
above

回到主題

Incidentally
Concidentally
Anyway
By the way
to resume
Returning to the subject
At any rate

總結

Thus
Hence
Ultimately
Finally
Therefore
Altogether
Overall
Consequently
To conclude
As a final point
In conclustion
Given these points
In summary
To sum up

References

https://blog.wordvice.com.tw/common-transition-terms-used-in-academic-papers/