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    # 模塊化程式語言 Scratch 3.0 基礎入門系列 | Ep.1 環境安裝與設定 :::info 這個系列將會帶著大家學習模塊化的程式語言「Scratch」,不須有任何程式學習基礎,也不需任何基本觀念,筆者將會帶著您從零到一開始學習! ::: ## 前言 這篇文章將會帶著各位認識Scratch的線上編輯器與離線編輯器,並讓大家選擇適合自己的編輯器進行下載、安裝。 ## 功能介紹與優劣分析 在此將介紹兩種編輯器的功能差異,以及個別的優點和缺點,協助各位進行選擇: ### 離線版 離線版是通過 `Scratch 3` 軟體的安裝,來讓您在電腦上編輯並執行Scratch檔案(\*.sb3)。 離線版編輯器中有著詳細的教學,跟著教學即可做出簡易的專案 ![](https://i.imgur.com/qZsunY8.png) 除此之外,亦有著完整的編輯器功能,擴充的硬體/軟體功能也都很完整。 若製作時不想自行繪製角色,亦有官方的素材庫可供使用。 競賽使用的通常為離線版Scratch,應是用於避免選手抓取他人的程式碼,或是連上網路進行其他違反規則的行為。 ### 線上版 線上版編輯器與其社群連接,可以直接在網頁上編輯並執行Scratch檔案(\*.sb3),亦可儲存於其雲端空間,也可以公開分享給社群的其他使用者。 和離線版相同,有著詳細的簡易專案製作教學,編輯器的一般功能與擴充功能也與離線版相同,亦有官方素材庫。 與離線版相異的是,線上版編輯器只要註冊帳號,便可以享有儲存檔案於其雲端空間的服務,更有著自動儲存功能。同時,若您想將作品分享給朋友或社群成員時,亦可直接進行公開分享,若成為精選專案更會被放置在Scratch官網! 線上版Scratch還有一個功能:「背包」,可以將曾經製作過的程式、角色放入其中,未來要使用只要拖動即可複製! 此外,線上版若在瀏覽器中使用亦可添加第三方的瀏覽器擴充套件,讓Scratch的編程更加方便! 在此進行功能相容整理: | 功能 | 離線版 | 線上版 | | -------- | ------ | ------ | | 基礎編輯 | o | o | | 官方素材 | o | o | | 擴充功能 | o | o | | 自動儲存 | x | o | | 公開分享 | x | o | | 背包儲存 | x | o | | 雲端儲存 | x | o | 選一個適合自己的編輯器吧!接下來將會對於兩個版本分別進行安裝或設定的教學,請選擇自己要使用的進行閱讀吧~ 註:此系列文章會使用的是線上編輯器,也會介紹相關的套件與詳細功能,但若使用離線版編輯器同樣可以閱讀,程式的部分功能相同! ## 線上版設置 #### Scratch - Imagine, Program, Share > 網址:https://scratch.mit.edu/ ### 註冊帳號 要使用線上版的Scratch,建議先註冊一個帳號,需要設定的資料有: * 使用者名稱 * 密碼 * 居住國家 * 生日 * 性別 * 電子郵件 註冊Scratch帳號,僅須前往上述的 [官網](https://scratch.mit.edu/) 並點擊右上角的 `加入Scratch` ![](https://i.imgur.com/18QoD0u.png) 若網頁語言不是繁體中文的話,可以將網頁滑到最下面,並在中間的下拉選單中選擇「繁體中文」 ![](https://i.imgur.com/ixn7sEy.png) 一步一步填寫資料並繼續後,最後填寫完信箱後會回到Scratch的首頁,此時可以先根據指示進行信箱驗證,若不驗證可能會影響部分少數功能。 ### 首頁介紹 前篇文章曾經提及,首頁有著許多社群中優良的作品,可以用於參考、學習,也可以查看程式碼。 ![](https://i.imgur.com/UyXFGJE.png) ### 開啟編輯器 ![](https://i.imgur.com/QlwiHQT.png) 要開啟編輯器很簡單,只要在首頁左上角點擊 `創造` 即可 ![](https://i.imgur.com/kcFto8C.png),此時會自動創建一個新的專案,並儲存於雲端空間中,若未來要尋找上次編輯的專案,可以點擊右上角的資料夾圖示 ![](https://i.imgur.com/XINXWwH.png)。 ![](https://i.imgur.com/IZbu3at.png) 雖然會自動存檔,但不一定隨時都會,因此編輯時還是建議定期確認一下上方是否跳出儲存按鈕,若出現可以點擊。 此外,若要將專案下載至電腦,可以在編輯畫面中的左上角點擊 `檔案` ![](https://i.imgur.com/RovoTXA.png),並點按 `下載到你的電腦` ![](https://i.imgur.com/L9qwfcV.png)。 線上版的帳號註冊以及編輯器開啟教學就到此結束囉!接下來將會介紹離線版的安裝。 ## 離線版安裝 首先,前往 [Scratch的網頁](https://scratch.mit.edu/download) 下載Scratch離線版安裝檔 #### Scratch - Scratch Offline Editor > 網址:https://scratch.mit.edu/download 下載相容版本的Scratch離線編輯器安裝檔,並等待下載完成,此處以Windows版本進行示範: #### Step. 1 啟動安裝檔案 開始執行安裝檔案 ![](https://i.imgur.com/UlBcyt6.png) 若彈出安全性警告,請點擊 `執行`,以繼續進行安裝流程。 #### Step. 2 選擇安裝對象 ![](https://i.imgur.com/6eqCTSY.png) 接下來,若有彈出此畫面的話按照實際情況選擇要「僅為自己安裝」,還是「為這電腦中的所有使用者帳號安裝」 #### Step. 3 等待安裝完成 ![](https://i.imgur.com/hzGG9AD.png) 接著,等待進度條跑完 ### Step. 4 安裝完成!啟動 ![](https://i.imgur.com/Dgvul9e.png) 進度條跑完就安裝完成囉!勾選 `啟動Scratch 3` 並點擊 `完成` 即可開啟,平時要啟動的話,可以通過桌面的捷徑(快點兩下即可) ![](https://i.imgur.com/1VBZGxD.png) 離線版編輯器無法登入帳號,亦無其他需要設定的東西,唯若語言需調整時可點擊編輯器左上角的地球符號下拉 ![](https://i.imgur.com/m2Cd8mD.png),並選擇繁體中文 ## 總結 這篇文章就到這結束囉!此文帶著大家認識了Scratch離線版以及線上版,並介紹了他們的差異,並在其後帶著大家分別安裝離線版或是註冊線上版,希望各位有所收穫!下篇再見囉,掰掰~ ###### tags: `Scratch`

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