Avionics Basic

NCKU ISP

Avionics 航電系統

航空電子 Aviation electronics

航電 Avionics

Avionics

Saturn V

Avionics including…

• Power: Providing a stable and clean power source.
• MCU: Processing data from sensors, Filtering, Navigation.
• Sensor: Collecting data (acceleration, altitude, location etc.)
• Actuator: Motor, Light, Speaker.
• Communication: Connect the vehicle to the ground station.

Avionics ISP32

Power

The power efficiency can be calculate by
\[ \eta = \frac{P_{output}}{P_{input}} \]

Failure Power Circuit #1

Failure Power Circuit #2

MCU

A microcontroller unit is a cheap and minimal size computer.

Its main purpose is to collect data from various sensors and make the decision (open parachute, communicate with ground station, etc.)

MCU Price

Very very very cheap compare to CPU

Sensor

Sensor

• Accelerometer, Gyroscope, Magnetic sensor
• Barometer
• GPS

Accelerometer

An accelerometer measures acceleration, which indicates how fast velocity is changing.

Gyroscope

For measuring or maintaining orientation and angular velocity.

Barometer

A barometer is a scientific instrument that is used to measure air pressure

Pressure-Altitude Conversion

Pressure-Altitude Conversion

\[ P = P_0e^{\frac{-gMh}{RT}} \]

\(P\): Pressure
\(P_0\): Pressure at sea level
\(h\): Altitude
\(T\): Temperature
\(R\): Gas constant
\(g\): Gravitational acceleration
\(M\): Molar mass of air

GPS

Global Positioning System

Triangulation

Actuator

Is responsible for moving and controlling a mechanism or system.

e.g. Servo Motor ,(BL)DC Motor, Light Indicator

Servo Motor - Parachute

BLDC Motor - Reaction Wheel

BLDC Motor - Reaction Wheel

Video

Communication Protocol

• Wire Transmission
• Radio Transmission

Radio Transmission

• High-speed communication like real-time video streaming are using WiFi (2.4GHz) and 5.8GHz.
• Low-speed data streaming communicate via LoRa (433MHz).

Low cost avionics board ISP555

A low-cost board base on 555 timer IC.

ISP555 Features

• 9V battery input.
• Two timers for ignition and parachute/servo.
• Take-off decetor.
• LED indicator.
• No sensors or communication functionality.

ISP555 Introduction

There are 3 potentiometers on board.

• CntDown for the ignition count-down timer.
• Chute for the parachute after launcing.
• Servo inidcate the servo motor angle.

ISP555 Introduction

• TKOFF: Take-off detection
• RBF : Remove Before Flight

If you're instrested in Programming/Electrionics

More information on Github https://github.con/NCKU-ISP

and Our Website https://nckuisp.space