###### tags: `Editor` `VSCode` `Shortcut Key` `GNU` `makefile` `C/C++` `Code Runner` `C/C++ Makefile Project` `debug`

[ToC]

# 從零開始設定 VSCode 環境 (Win 10)

::: info
你將會學到以下技能：

1. 建立 C/C++ 的 VSCode 環境　(使用 MinGW-w64 編譯器)
2. 建立 **Makefile C/C++ 專案** (需先備 Makefile 基本常識)
3. 設定**快速鍵**來編譯並執行 **Makefile C/C++ 專案**
4. 建立 VSCode 的 Debug 環境
:::

## Step 1: Download Packages

- [Visual Studio Code]
- [MinGW-w64] - 安裝路徑設定在 C:\ 根目錄較為方便 (往後範例將以此路徑為主)
::: warning

* [Ubuntu 請使用 dpkg 安裝（snap 中文無法輸入）](https://askubuntu.com/questions/616075/how-do-i-install-visual-studio-code)
:::

[visual studio code]: https://code.visualstudio.com/download
[mingw-w64]: https://sourceforge.net/projects/mingw-w64/

## Step 2: 設定環境變數

### [:link: 參考此教學]

- #### 快速打開**系統內容**視窗：run: **++sysdm.cpl++** ➜ 進階 ➜ 環境變數 ➜ 系統變數 ➜ Path
- #### 新增以下兩筆路徑
- For g++: ==C:\MinGW\bin==
- For make: ==C:\MinGW\msys\1.0\bin==
- #### 打開 cmd 驗證是否安裝成功，驗證指令如下

> g++ --version
g++ (MinGW.org GCC Build-20200227-1) 9.2.0
Copyright (C) 2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

> make --version
GNU Make 3.81
Copyright (C) 2006  Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.
There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

[:link: 參考此教學]: https://ithelp.ithome.com.tw/articles/10190235

---

# 如何一鍵執行 makefile 專案

## Step 1: Install Extension for C/C++

### Essential

- **C/C++**
- **Code Runner**
- :ballot_box_with_check: Code-runner: **_Run In Terminal_**
- Code-runner: **_Custom Command_**
> cd "$workspaceRoot" && make && .\main.exe
> [check out more...]
- **C/C++ Makefile Project**

[check out more...]: https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=formulahendry.code-runner

### Interface Optimization (Optional)

- **indent-rainbow**
- **Material Icon Theme**
- **Material Theme**
- **Prettier - Code formatter**
- :ballot_box_with_check: format on save
- ~~**Bracket Pair Colorizer 2**~~
- **Markdown Preview Enhanced**
:::info
**Build-in Settings**
- Files: Auto Save `onFocusChange`
- Editor › Bracket Pair Colorization: Enabled

:::

## Step 2: VSCode settings & Keyboard Shortcuts

### Keyboard Shortcuts

| Command | Keybinding |
| -------------------- | :--------------- |
| Run Code | Ctrl + Shift + R |
| Run Custom Command | Ctrl + R |
| File: Save all | Ctrl + Shift + S |
| File: Save As... | Ctrl + K S |
| File: Open Recent... | (None) |

## :memo: Then... how to create a makefile-based C/C++ project?

### Start from 4:00

{%youtube whQQF4kVjPY?t=240 %}

### 簡要步驟如下

1. #### Open Command Palette: `ctrl + shift + P`
2. #### Enter `make` ➜ Select `C/C++ Make: INIT Project`
3. #### Edit 3 places in `Makefile`

CXXFLAGS = -std=c++11 -Wall # add "-g" when debugging

APPNAME = main

# Windows OS variables & settings
DEL = rm

4. #### Press ==`ctrl + R`== 便可自動編譯並執行 makefile C/C++ Project

---

# 建立偵錯環境

## :bug: How to DEBUG a makefile-based C/C++ project?

{%youtube 9VpiGwp8Vos%}

### 簡要步驟

1. Press `F5` ➜ Select `C++ (GDB/LLDB)`➜ `.vscode\launch.json` 會自動建立
2. Modify `launch.json`

"program": "${workspaceFolder}\\main.exe",

"miDebuggerPath": "C:\\MinGW\\bin\\gdb.exe",

3. Modify `Makefile`

CXXFLAGS = -std=c++11 -Wall -g

4. 設定中斷點 ➜ Press `F5` 開始 DEBUG! :bug:

<!--
### Tutorial 2 (遺棄別看)
{%youtube ABVeAXcRIJg%}

#### 簡要步驟
1. Open Command Palette: `ctrl + shift + P`
2. Enter `c++ edit` ➜ Select `C/C++: Edit Configurations (UI)`
3. Modify following settings

| Settings | Properties |
| ----------------- |:-------------------- |
| Compiler Path | C:/MinGW/bin/g++.exe |
| IntelliSense mode | gcc-x64 |

4. `.vscode\c_cpp_properties.json` 會自動建立
-->