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# 技術分享 | MS-SQL使用 json 取代 正規化欄位紀錄資料交易,及如何比對差異資料 ### 會議日期: 2022-04-22 * [SQL Server JSON Diff. Checking for differences between JSON documents.](https://www.red-gate.com/simple-talk/blogs/sql-server-json-diff-checking-for-differences-between-json-documents/) * 處理流程概述 * 要紀錄的物件先序列化成 JSON (建立到2層就好, 多層可能不適合.) * 資料庫開 nvarchar(max) ~~或~~ ~~ntext~~ 把 JSON 塞進去 (感恩 CHAN CHAN 提供資訊) * 資料庫建立資料表值函式,參考 [Compare_JsonObject 函數.sql](https://www.red-gate.com/simple-talk/blogs/sql-server-json-diff-checking-for-differences-between-json-documents/) * 利用For JSON語法,比對 json 差異(SQL 2016 後支援) ```text declare @SourceJSON nvarchar(max) declare @TargetJSON nvarchar(max) SET @SourceJSON = (SELECT LogBody FROM CommonLog WHERE LogID='83F2A2AB-FE1B-4F2B-ADDF-8E7070BF2B08') --來源(原來) SET @TargetJSON = (SELECT LogBody FROM CommonLog WHERE LogID='D1DB7497-5B12-4D38-918D-26F487710D20') --比對(現在) SELECT SideIndicator, ThePath, TheKey, TheSourceValue, TheTargetValue FROM dbo.Compare_JsonObject(@SourceJSON, @TargetJSON) AS Diff; ``` * 注意事項 * 如果紀錄量體大,考慮將紀錄用 DB 與商業邏輯 DB 分開存放,未來在處理備援或備份的時候,可以針對主體資料,跟流水帳的紀錄資料做不同的處理策略與頻率。 * 如果要節省資料庫空間,除了 nvarchar , ntext 型態,也可以考慮把物件序列化成 BSON 型態,資料庫開 Binary 型態去貯存,不過這樣的方式後續要讀取資料時,透過 TSQL 可能就不太方便了,所有的事情都需要透過程式讀取跟處理。 * 補充資料 * SQL 2016 後雖然有支援 JSON ,但本質還是文字欄位。有時看看窗戶外面的世界 Postgresql 早在 9.2 版就支援 JSON 跟 JSOB 的欄位型態,有興趣的人去查一下,那邊在 DB 層級對 JSON 的操作更完善,甚至支援某些程度的 Index 建置。 * 未啥不要在用ntext。因為微軟未來不支援囉。 [ntext、text 和 image (Transact-SQL)](https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-tw/sql/t-sql/data-types/ntext-text-and-image-transact-sql?view=sql-server-ver15) * [jsondiffpatch](https://github.com/benjamine/jsondiffpatch)

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