# Getting started with IoT devices ###### tags: `Tools` `Labs` `basica` :::info Code referenced in this doc can be found here: [https://github.com/pmanzoni/hackmd_code](https://github.com/pmanzoni/hackmd_code) ::: The HW we use is based on a [LoPy4](https://pycom.io/product/lopy4/) with a [PySense](https://pycom.io/product/pysense/) board. ![](https://i.imgur.com/vSrQQ7f.jpg =x400) LoPys are based on [MicroPython](https://micropython.org/). MicroPython is a full Python compiler and runtime that runs on the bare-metal. You get an interactive prompt, called the REPL ("Read Evaluate Print Loop"), to execute commands immediately, along with the ability to run and import scripts from the built-in filesystem. The REPL has history, tab completion, auto-indent and paste mode. More infos about REPL can be found here: https://docs.pycom.io/pymakr/toolsfeatures/ To connect to the LoPy's REPL you will use a Python tool called **[mpy-repl-tool](https://mpy-repl-tool.readthedocs.io/en/latest/)**. You will learn how to use it in this section. ==Now, plug-in your LoPy device in a USB port and wait a few seconds until the LED starts blinking in blue. Before, you'll probably be asked whether you want to use the device in the VM== ![](https://i.imgur.com/CIKBNVH.jpg =x400) Then execute: ``` python3 -m there detect ``` This command will list the serial ports and "hopefully" :smiley: will automatically find your LoPy board. If everything is fine you should see something like: ``` /dev/ttyACM0 - Pysense - Pysense ``` To get access to the REPL prompt, write: * `python3 -m there -i` You'll get the `>>>` REPL prompt (see below). To exit from the REPL you have to type `Ctrl+]` ![](https://i.imgur.com/CEq8z05.png) ### The basic commands: These are the basic commands that you will have to use: * getting a list of the files on the LoPy: ``` $ python3 -m there ls -l /flash/* ---------- 0 0 34B 1980-01-01 01:09:16 /flash/main.py ---------- 0 0 29B 1980-01-01 01:09:18 /flash/boot.py ``` :::info The filesystem has ``/`` as the root directory and the available physical drives are accessible from here. They are: * `/flash`: the internal flash filesystem * `/sd`: the SD card (if it is inserted, obviously) ::: * coping file `_filename_` from your computer to the LoPy: ```python3 -m there push _filename_ /flash``` * wildcards can be used to copy multiple files from your computer to the LoPy. For example: ```python3 -m there push *.py /flash``` * reading the contents of file `_filename_` on the LoPy: ```python3 -m there cat /flash/_filename_``` * removing file `_filename_` on the LoPy: ```python3 -m there rm /flash/_filename_``` wildcards can be used to delete multiple files. A detailed list of commands can be found here: [mpy-repl-tool.readthedocs](http://mpy-repl-tool.readthedocs.io/en/latest/commandline.html) :::info BTW; it can be useful to create the alias: `$ alias pyt="python3 -m there"` so not to type too much :smile: ::: ### Typical Lopy device workflow A typical workflow is the following: 1. Write the micropython code in your computer 1. Copy the code file or files from your computer to the LoPy, e.g.,: ```$ python3 -m there push *.py /flash``` 1. Start a serial terminal and get access to the REPL: ```$ python3 -m there -i``` 1. Execute the code in file `_filename_.py` on the LoPy, with: * `>>> import _filename_` ### Accessing the sensors of the Pysense board The PySense offers various embedded sensors, namely: * Ambient light sensor * Barometric pressure sensor * Temperature sensor * Humidity sensor * 3 axis 12-bit accelerometer Take a look at the code in file `"reads.py"` to understand how to use them. As you can see, various python libraries are necessary, they are all in the `lib` folder. To copy the whole `lib` folder to your LoPy, you have to execute: ```python3 -m there push -r lib/* /flash/lib``` ## Appendix LoPy's documentation is here: https://docs.pycom.io/index.html ### Problem "pushing" a file to the LoPy Sometime you get an error message when "push"ing a file to the LoPy, something like this: ``` $ python3 -m there push led_blink.py /flash ERROR: action or command failed: execution failed: : Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> KeyError: _h ``` the solution is to use the **`--force`** option. That is: ``` $ python3 -m there push --force led_blink.py /flash ``` ### Resetting the LoPy They are different ways to reset your device. Pycom devices support both soft and hard resets. A **soft reset** clears the state of the MicroPython virtual machine but leaves hardware peripherals unaffected. To do a soft reset, press `Ctrl+D` while in the REPL. A **hard reset** is the same as performing a power cycle to the device. In order to hard reset the device, press the reset switch or run: ```python >>> import machine >>> machine.reset() ```
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