Raspberry Pi 紀錄

# Raspberry Pi 紀錄 ###### tags: `software` `electrical_system` `NTURT` [NTU ME 20190227 - HackMD](https://hackmd.io/2vZnbo9rSRGnNQhpTUtQAA?view) [VS Code 使用紀錄](https://factual-chameleon-835.notion.site/VS-Code-e0f77315cda443ecb0467595c268c19a) [Linux使用紀錄](https://www.notion.so/Linux-361153cd39084995ab5440debb3b12a1) [Shell Script](https://www.notion.so/Shell-Script-744f97e8a5594d90bbfe874983acec38) [Raspberry PI - increase swap size](https://wpitchoune.net/tricks/raspberry_pi3_increase_swap_size.html) --- # 系統安裝 ## **安裝 Raspbian 系統** > [[樹莓派][Raspberry Pi] 樹莓派無頭式安裝教學（一）- wifi + ssh](http://khanwhlee.blogspot.com/2017/05/wifi-ssh.html) ## How to install Ubuntu on Raspberry Pi 4 > [How to install Ubuntu Desktop on Raspberry Pi 4 | Ubuntu](https://ubuntu.com/tutorials/how-to-install-ubuntu-desktop-on-raspberry-pi-4#1-overview) 適用任何映像檔 # 系統設定 ## **檢查硬碟使用量 df 指令教學與指令稿範例** > [Linux 檢查硬碟使用量 df 指令教學與指令稿範例 - G. T. Wang](https://blog.gtwang.org/linux/linux-df-command-check-disk-space-usage-tutorial-script-example/) ## **把 Raspberry Pi 變成中文介面、安裝中文輸入法** > [【樹莓派教學#3】把你的 Raspberry Pi 變成中文介面、安裝中文輸入法 - TechApple.com](https://www.techapple.com/archives/17272) ## **Raspberry Pi 在命令列設定 WiFi 無線網路** > [樹莓派 Raspberry Pi 在命令列設定 WiFi 無線網路的指令教學 - G. T. Wang](https://blog.gtwang.org/iot/raspberry-pi/raspberry-pi-wireless-configuration-command-tutorial/) > [[基礎] 命令列設置無線網路 - Raspberry Pi台灣樹莓派](https://www.raspberrypi.com.tw/2152/setting-up-wifi-with-the-command-line/) ![](https://i.imgur.com/WUxCK6L.jpg) ## 設定開機自動執行 Python 程式 >[在樹莓派 (Raspberry Pi)上設定開機自動執行 Python 程式](https://medium.com/@chungyi410/在樹莓派-raspberry-pi-上設定開機自動執行-python-程式-56ccf89cffc5) 備註： `/home/pi/inv/mqtt-ledv4-test.py` Python 程式的第一行需為 `#!/usr/bin/python3` ，並且需將 `mqtt-ledv4-test.py` 檔案設定為可以執行。 ``` chmod +x /home/pi/inv/mqtt-ledv4-test.py ``` 設定完成後，可以用指令 `sudo service mypython start` 測試設定是否正常。正常的話，就可以重新開機後，再用指令 `ps -ax|grep python` 檢查程式是否有自動執行。 >[將成品帶到學校Demo----開機自動執行](https://blog.xuite.net/quickroc/blog/383991319) ```bash sudo crontab -e ``` 尾端加入 ```bash @reboot python /home/pi/inv/mqtt-ledv4-test.py & ``` 要怎麼讓它停止呢在文字模式下鍵入以下指令： ```bash ps aux | grep python3 ``` 例如:找到前方的執行緒編號381 sudo kill 381 ## 安裝 Python3 ```bash= $ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get install python3 $ sudo apt-get install python3-pip $ sudo pip3 install pyserial $ pip3 install --user --upgrade pip $ pip3 install numpy ``` ### 移除 Python3 ```bash= $ dpkg —list $ sudo apt-get --purge remove python3 ``` # 跟 RPi 連線 ## 使用網路線讓電腦與樹莓派進行連線（For Mac OS） [**使用網路線讓電腦與樹莓派進行連線（For Mac OS）**](https://www.notion.so/For-Mac-OS-091f554e14604bebbf51ac30e44ae391) ## **SSH失效解決方法** > [SSH連線出現錯誤 WARNING REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED - iT 邦幫忙::一起幫忙解決難題，拯救 IT 人的一天](https://ithelp.ithome.com.tw/articles/10083004) > [SSH連現時出現「WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED!」解決辦法 @ 一段輝煌的回憶，一個冬日的故事 :: 痞客邦 ::](https://cometlc.pixnet.net/blog/post/5453854) ```bash ssh-keygen -R 遠端伺服器的IP或網址 ``` ## 使用USBtoTTL讓電腦與樹莓派進行連線（For Mac OS） [使用USBtoTTL讓電腦與樹莓派進行連線（For Mac OS）](https://www.notion.so/USBtoTTL-For-Mac-OS-24179104690d492398efb9ba295926eb) # 檔案傳輸 ## 使用FileZilla與樹莓派互傳檔案 [使用FileZilla與樹莓派互傳檔案](https://www.notion.so/FileZilla-887bea713c7742be8af0674c38ea4319) ## **將檔案複製到電腦桌面** 輸入 ```bash $ scp run_this_0731.py AlexKao@192.168.2.101:/Users/AlexKao/Desktop ``` 即可將 `run_this_0731.py` 檔案複製到電腦桌面 # **備份SD card** [**備份SD card**](https://www.notion.so/SD-card-e871a70aac82447d85f647befcb88d3e) # **查看USB埠狀態** > [树莓派usb端口固定并绑定](https://www.mscto.com/op/372394.html) > [【动手实践】树莓派USB端口绑定方法 by xinlong](https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/110289208) > [[基礎] 命令列設置無線網路 - Raspberry Pi台灣樹莓派](https://www.raspberrypi.com.tw/2152/setting-up-wifi-with-the-command-line/) ```bash $ ls /dev/tty* ``` ```bash $ lsusb ``` # **GPS資料格式** > [【電腦】NMEA標準格式 @ 銀質空間 :: 痞客邦 ::](https://annheilong.pixnet.net/blog/post/24919514) # RS485CAN-HAT-user-manual [RS485CAN-HAT-user-manual](https://www.notion.so/RS485CAN-HAT-user-manual-baac5dfb3e7c4ce6a51c01ff3b148d2e) ## 疑難排解 [疑難排解](https://www.notion.so/91d1906b38f54e8687b4004cfeda53a1) # **樹莓派 RPI.GPIO 使用** > [3、樹莓派 RPI.GPIO 使用手冊](https://www.itread01.com/content/1543537390.html) ## **Raspberry Pi 的GPIO腳位功能** > [Raspberry Pi GPIO Programming in C | Big Mess o' Wires](https://www.bigmessowires.com/2018/05/26/raspberry-pi-gpio-programming-in-c/) ![](https://i.imgur.com/zmYlJ9S.png) ![](https://i.imgur.com/6eyCPlQ.png) ## `GPIO.BOARD` 與 `GPIO.BCM` 設定有何不同 `GPIO.BOAR` 選項是指定在電路版上接脚的號碼 `GPIO.BCM` 選項是指定GPIO後面的號碼 ## 為輸出通道指定一個初始值 ```python GPIO.setup(channel, GPIO.OUT, initial=GPIO.HIGH) ``` ## 設定多個GPIO腳 ```python chan_list = [ 11 ，12 ] ＃加你想盡可能多的渠道！＃你可以用元組代替，即：chan_list =（11,12） GPIO.setup(chan_list, GPIO.OUT) ``` ## **上拉/下拉電阻** ```python GPIO.setup(channel, GPIO.IN, pull_up_down=GPIO.PUD_UP) # or GPIO.setup(channel, GPIO.IN, pull_up_down=GPIO.PUD_DOWN) ``` ## **Raspberry Pi 按鈕實作** > [Raspberry Pi 3 Model B 與瞬時按鈕 - 妖恫程式部落](https://blog.everlearn.tw/當-python-遇上-raspberry-pi/raspberry-pi-3-model-b-與瞬時按鈕) ## RFID on RPi 使用經驗 [RFID on RPi 使用經驗](https://www.notion.so/RFID-on-RPi-8b821f820fea43ef8c4ec3f781ef1665) ## RPi Ubuntu 20.04 usage note [Rpi 3B Ubuntu Server 20.04](https://hackmd.io/Iehbi9OfTKG1IZ7fWGrYbA) ## RPi ROS1 Docker Container [Docker Dev Workspace](https://hackmd.io/y3WZKds5TY6IXS10zPGupg) # 郭哲明的RPi notes ## 2021/11/05 initiallization ```bash= # make download folder cd && mkdir Downloads # update and upgrade apt sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade # install commonly used packages sudo apt install vim tmux zsh git python3-pip # change shell to zsh chsh -s $(which zsh) ``` ```bash=+ # install package manager (vundle) for vim git clone https://github.com/VundleVim/Vundle.vim.git ~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim # install package manager (tpm) for tmux git clone https://github.com/tmux-plugins/tpm ~/.tmux/plugins/tpm # install package manager (Oh-my-zsh) for zsh sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh)" # install zsh-autosuggestion for zsh git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-~/.oh-my-zsh/custom}/plugins/zsh-autosuggestions # install powerlevel10k for zsh git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/romkatv/powerlevel10k.git ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-$HOME/.oh-my-zsh/custom}/themes/powerlevel10k # get my configuration files cd ~/Downloads && git clone https://github.com/chemmy-jack/dotfiles.git # setup my tmux and vim setting cd ~/Downloads/dotfiles cp .tmux.conf ~/ cp .vimrc ~/ # open vim and type :PluginInstall # open tmux and type prefix+I cd ~ && vim .zshrc # change ZSH_THEME="powerlevel10k/powerlevel10k" # add git and zsh-autosuggestions to ZSH_PLUGINS # generate ssh key pair ssh-keygen -t rsa # set up ssh for github (should add pubkey to github account first) eval "$(ssh-agent -s)" ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa ``` [如果想在tmux看到溫度點我](https://github.com/kolach/tmux-temp) ## usefull commands and shortcuts ```bash= # check temperture vcgencmd measure_temp # monitor htop # change console font sudo dpkg-reconfigure console-setup # kernel message buffer dmesg # (at a terminal local, not in Rpi server) send ssh key # (for me public key is ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub) ssh-copy-id -i [public key] pi@[ip of rpi] # copy via ssh scp # better way of cp rsync ``` * netstat -tulpn, ip show (ifconfig for older version), systerctl (service for older version), uname -a, du(disk usage), df(disk freespace) * lsblk, blkid, swapon, swapoff * [some command] | grep [something u want] * for rapi only * vcgencmd * get_throttled (check undervoltage) ([explained](https://forum.libreelec.tv/thread/17860-how-to-interpret-rpi-vcgencmd-get-throttled/)) * measure_temp (cpu temperature) * raspi-config Some usefull shorcuts * ctrl + w, u, k, e, a * ctrl + C, V * ctrl + n, p * ctrl + y ## gps (topgnss) * [official website](www.topgnss.com) * [page for GN200](https://www.topgnss.com/product1/showproduct.php?id=39) * [USB_with_LINUX(GPS.G4-CS-07059).pdf](https://www.topgnss.com/upload/file/202107/USB_with_LINUX(GPS.G4-CS-07059).pdf) * [u-blox 5 - Receiver Description](http://courses.cs.tau.ac.il/embedded/projects/fall2011/gps_tracker/files/u-blox5_Protocol_Specifications(GPS.G5-X-07036).pdf) * 我搞了很久直到我仔細看了[這篇](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-ultimate-gps-hat-for-raspberry-pi/use-gpsd)才成功抓到資料 * ==seems to be usefull== * edit /lib/systemd/system/gpsd.socket * 改為ListenStream=0.0.0.0:2947 首先要讓gpsd讀到gps sonsor的資料: ```bash= # the manual way # check gps connected on ls -l /dev/serial* # install gpsd sudo apt install gpsd gpsd-clients # close default service bcause it will interfere with following manual setup sudo systemctl stop gpsd.socket sudo systemctl disable gpsd.socket # run gpsd sudo gpsd /dev/ttyACM0 -F /var/run/gpsd.sock # if "NO_FIX", try this sudo killall gpsd sudo gpsd /dev/ttyACM0 -F /var/run/gpsd.sock ``` ```bash= # use default way sudo systemctl enable gpsd.socket sudo systemctl start gpsd.socket sudo systemctl status gpsd.sockt # can check status # reset gpsd sudo dpkg-reconfigure gpsd ``` ```bash= # show gps data gpsmon cgps # simplified of gpsmon ``` :::danger 要確認gps收訊好不好，本人本來好幾天嘗試多次只成功一次，gps從原本窗內移到窗外就順了，這中間距離只差了不到1公尺。 ::: :::warning gps時好時壞，有時要開開關關幾次才行 ::: python要讀得到要裝這個套件 ```bash=+ pip3 install gpsd-py3 ```

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