# FAQ / [How-to] Bare minimum tune Betaflight

### Testing hovering tunes
- Recommend test hovering tunes in short increments while checking motor heat. (10 second, 25s, 50s increments.)

### Try presets
- Try them

## PID tuning

##### Recommended videos for tuning: (Brian White/PTB)
- https://youtu.be/cUzNuMVxkBM
- https://youtu.be/XxPBlMckeEg
- https://youtu.be/NPS3aJqoFko

##### The idea is:
- start with defaults
- use sliders
- turn off FeedForward (Stick response slider)
- turn off D Min/Max (Dynamic Damping slider)
- reduce i-term to 0.3 to 0.5 (Drift-Wobble slider)
- find a good P/D balance (Dampening Slider) (PIDToolbox aka PTB)
- ~~increase master multiplier as needed, but not excessive.~~ (this is potentially mis-information, but still works. see next item)
- raise both P and D sliders in sync, and as as needed, for a more responsive overall system. (preferred rather than Master Multiplier as per @ctsnooze, a Betaflight developer)
- return i-term but not excessive (sometimes 0.7 or 0.8 is fine; i don't see a need for more than 1.0 , but that's opinion)
- revisit filter/PIDs as needed, but do not chase your tail, at some point there is diminishing returns.
- enable FF as desired
- maybe enable D/Min/Max again (i don't know enough about this, i know people use it, especially racers to keep motors cool, but my experience i prefer without because i tend to get weird jitters with it.)

### Or find presets that match your rig.

### Workflow
1. Always tune a quad with the same components you expect to fly. (HD Cam, prop-size, etc)
2. hardware first -- make sure everything firm and secure. no floppy wires, no floppy antennas, etc. no soft-mounting except the FC's gummies.
3. then tune filters, as per blackbox.
- `set debug_mode = gyro_scaled`, `save` for anything useful.
- how to perform blackbox: https://oscarliang.com/blackbox/
4. then pids (without feedforward, without dmin/max for step-response analysis)
5. Repeat Filters and PIDs until no reasonable gains.

### Generally
- Defaults are for 5 inch quads.
- Smaller quads will need higher cutoffs (Hz)
- larger quads will need lower cutoffs (Hz)
- larger quads will need less i-term due to inherit authority of larger wingspan/propellers.