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    # 第3堂課:Soft Skill & Problem Solving ###### tags: class_03 Date:2022.03.12(六) 14:00-17:00 Place:一活第一會議室 lecturer:蔡孟哲 ( Leon )、王薏慈(Angela) --- 會好奇工程師們在瞬息萬變的工作環境,如何沉著應對各式各樣的問題嗎?在職場中,擁有硬實力是基本,但軟實力更是關乎個人職涯發展的關鍵!在軟業界當然也不例外:grinning: 如果想更深入了解在科技軟體公司需要具備什麼樣的soft skill,那就設鬧鐘提醒:alarm_clock: 搶課搶起來:dash: --- ## 課前準備: - [ ] 熟悉 HackMD 基本操作 - [ ] **請同學們照上次的 pair 分組去做討論,每組準備一個日常生活的問題(現實與期望不一樣的事情)來到現場,問題不用太宏大,但期望和現況要能明確描述** - [ ] 上課前到 [發問專區](##發問專區) 提出你的任何好奇! ## 注意事項: 1. 請同學於課程開始前 10 分鐘進行報到,並採梅花座就座。 2. 出席學員當天需於簽到表進行簽到與簽退 3. 請配戴口罩,若身體不適,請勿參與活動。 4. 學校將視中央流行疫情指揮中心的公告進行評估,若疫情趨於嚴峻,將會延後本次課程,並保留已選上同學課程名額,另行通知後續課程安排。 ## 發問專區 * --- ## 課程筆記 ### Agenda * 焦點討論法 * 設定問題QBQ * 產生對策 * -BRAIN STORMING * -Pros/cons * -Impact effort 矩陣 * 後續行動 * -問題描述&SNT * -WIG.領先略後指標 ### 焦點討論法ORID * Objective客觀事實:大家都無法反駁的,團隊可先由這邊對齊資訊 * Reflective當下反射:感受、反應,有什麼地方讓你感動、驚訝、難過、開心、印象深刻的部分 * Interpretive延伸思考:意義、價值、經驗 * Decisional最後決定:決定、行動 ### 設定問題QBQ * 上課操作:想一個日常生活中問題(期待跟現實的落差) * QBQ中的爛問題 * 為什麼上班路上紅燈這麼多?! * 改寫成:如何改善上班的路徑 * 或是:我該怎麼做才可以上班時不會遲到 * 重新設定問題:如何不讓休閒反而影響應該有的休息時間 * 如何不看Netflix到超過我的固定睡覺時間 * 如何讓自己在固定時間睡覺(或是該睡覺的時間) * 無法改變別人 ### 產生對策 * Brain Storming 發散20張便利貼 * 再從中收斂3張 * 解決方案都會比問題還多 * 列出問題的好處跟壞處 * 輔助決策 * Impact-effort矩陣 * 四個象限:投入與影響 * 投入少影響大->投入大影響大->投入少影響少 * 此步驟可用於排序item的優先順序 * 但是需要兩相比較,較花時間 ### 後續行動 * QBQ問題描述 * 願景:Specific & Number & Time * 現況:描述 * 行動:產生對策並決定 * WIG wildly important Goal * 超級重要的目標 * 非勝不可的戰爭 * 可能有大大小小有勝有敗,但有一個最重要要贏的戰爭 * 領先指標 落後指標 * Lead Measure關鍵數字影響未來 * 例如對於想拿書卷的同學而言,出缺勤數 * 對於想減重的人而言每日攝取熱量 * Lag Measure最終結果無力回天 * 例如對於防疫小組而言每天的確診數 * 對於炒房投資客而言,房價 ### 系統思考 * 系統:一組元件透過彼此互動關係,在變動環境中持續展現某個功能達成某種目的。 * 貢獻:收斂複雜的問題,核心貢獻:覺察 * 觀察:用系統的觀點,定義問題、搜集資料 * 詮釋:系統圖,系統思考針對問題進行分析探討 * 介入:系統圖,運用系統思考將策略與行動呈現在系統圖上,進行評估 * 元件:概念上可以被量化的因子 * 存量、密度、流量、比例、落差(程度像是過重的程度) * 如何決定要不要放到系統 * 不是因為被量化、不是因為好測量、不是因為符合規格 * 而是因為覺得他是重要的(並不是他可以量化就要放) * 互動關係 * 正向影響:A增加則B增加 * 負向影響:D增加則C減少 * 系統是依據覺察整理出來的,沒有絕對的對與錯 * 環路: * 增強環路reinforcing feedback loop:使系統成長(只要負是0 or 雙數) * 平衡環路balancing feedback loop:系統平衡(負是單數) --- ## 下課囉!除了簽退,你還可以... - [ ] 完成 [課後回饋](###課後回饋) - [ ] 完成課後花絮 **「輸入」知識的同時,也要練習「輸出」喔!** ### 課後回饋 麻煩上完課後來這邊寫下你的回饋、問題、建議等等,方便寫花絮的同學整理編輯喔! 本週課程花絮負責人:```名涵``` * 姵涵 在寒假討論專案時,Leon就帶著我們用焦點討論法(ORID),團隊可以先藉由客觀事實(objective)來對齊每個人看的資訊,再來分享對於這樣事實的會有怎麼樣的反應(reflective),然後進行延伸思考(interpretive)後再做最後的決定(decisional)。在課堂上又以pair 的方式讓我們再用一次這樣的方法討論俄羅斯轟炸烏克蘭的影片。 看完QBQ這本書後,我也體認到怎麼問問題的重要,也嘗試改變自己以往問問題的方式。課堂中大家也一起實作問出QBQ的問題,也就像書中所提及的,答案就在問題的背後, 讓我們再進一步擬訂對策的時候更有了方向。 課堂下半場Angela 讓我們了解什麼是系統思考,可以算整天下來學到最新鮮的知識。課堂中間也有了幾個系統中的元件,讓我們去思考、判斷元件之間的關係,辨認增強環路與平衡環路。系統圖讓我們可以一目了然元件如何互相影響。再學習後自己親自畫出系統圖覺得很有成就感~

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