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    # 技術工作者的商業思維,從解決問題到探索問題 - 游舒帆 {%hackmd rG6pzIawQKe5cHU4rycgYg %} :::success [TOC] ::: ## 什麼是商業思維? 商業思維就是做生意的思維,也是商業運作的根本道理 RD為什麼在公司地位低? ## 今天要聊兩件事 1. 技術債 2. deploy on Friday ## 技術債(technical debt) 一定得還嗎? 債要怎麼還才是聰明的 當你手邊有錢,你會一次還清嗎? => 不會,慢慢還不會死 你有熬夜習慣嗎?(睡眠債、健康債)=>還了嗎?沒還嘛XD ~~還的時候都是快死的時候!~~ ![](https://i.imgur.com/0ZvY5r1.jpg =500x) ![](https://i.imgur.com/UiREpxt.jpg =500x) 有什麼技術債不用還?不還的機會成本很低的技術債 1. 維護困難,而且熟ASP的人難找 2. 為了不改ASP code,而改用其他 workaround 來處理異常問題 3. 4. 當主管想要全面翻修asp code,老闆卻說先用其他重要案子。 老闆不還債,背後真正的問題是什麼? > 技術債是屬於活下來的公司,我們有技術債應該以此為榮(? ![](https://i.imgur.com/fXf8f34.jpg) 鄙視鏈:公司有些東西重要、有些不太重要 * 業務部門在談的事 | 公關問題 | 客戶問題 | 營收問題 * 技術部門在談的事 | 成本問題 | 部門問題(二十幾個人都不爽) v 個人問題(RD爽不爽) ### 換個說法:從公關、客戶、成本來講 :::spoiler 圖片 ![](https://i.imgur.com/daH5CcT.jpg) ::: * 退費金額5000萬 * 人事成本2940萬 * 光是近三個月,退費金額就超過2400萬,問題越來越惡化 * 網路負評造成的影響 ### 溝通的原則是 第一,**掌握數據** > 實際衝擊的數據,點出確切的問題所在 > 第二,**圍繞著利益** > 用一些大家能理解的語言溝通,像是賠了多少錢? > 而不是一堆技術專有術語,像是xxx技術老舊,用ooo比較好 > 第三,**說明趨勢正在惡化** > 現在是解決的時機,不然只會越來越糟糕,預警可能的後果 > 如果不會變壞,那表示已經控制住了八? > 現在再繼續下去會有問題,讓老闆感受到**急迫感** ### 怎樣的說法才能說服你償還睡眠債? > 從這個角度出發,技能比較容易找到答案 ## Deploy on friday 2015年的那時... Deploy any time, **crash everyday**. 流程落後、缺乏制度、技術老舊、**一團亂** > 無法自動化、各個工程師都可以access 永無止盡的**插單** 不分晝夜的**救火** 不斷更動的需求 每件事情都很急 報告:「我們剛剛攻陷的碉堡被友軍誤炸了。」 > 隨時被友軍的code覆蓋(請善用merge) 放心,在 stage 上出問題,上 production 就沒問題了! > Testing in produciton, crash every time > 這麼痛苦的事情,一定是報告的方法有問題 2015.7 接手維運負責人之後,只准二、四發布 > 可以確認是哪個版本出狀況 初期時,上線時人要在線上 RD主管:會被業務主管打得滿頭包(回應:會**親自溝通**) - 第一個問題: 唯一提出疑義的業務主管: Marketing 的 landing page 常常改常常上,很難只在週二、四上版<-因為不影響主要資料庫,所以可以不照此新規則 **定義例外,但不隨意放寬標準** - 第二個問題:如果要星期三上線怎麼辦? * 如果對外發布且具有戰略意義,就特殊處理 * 對內的話,建議提前一天發布,不會有人介意系統提前一天上線的 >讓對方知道你是在替他著想,而不是故意訂個規則去卡他 - 第三個問題: * 如果有例外時間,請那幾位主管同意並說明原因 **保留緊急通道,但確保足夠謹慎** * 上線的必要性是什麼? > **最後 95% 的 case 都 follow 了這個 policy** ### 緊接著...我們又做了幾件事... 1. 盤點近期重要的專案 > 協助各部門解決上線風險,確保這調整不會成為推卸責任的箭靶 2. 各研發團隊的版控跟佈屬自動化 > 將整個團隊的建構管理能力全面性提升 3. 打破大家對業務團隊的錯誤假設 > 用對方法溝通,很多事情都可以被解決 > 其他人的錯誤想像:業務部門"不能談"? **溝通>推進>重建** > 原以為沒辦法溝通,但其實是溝通方法不對 ## 過去常犯的五個錯誤 - 做事沒彈性 - 遇事不堅持 - 提案沒說服力 - 逆著商業思考 - 忽略人性 ### 阻礙你的,往往是超出職務邊界的那些事 你能探索問題背後的問題嗎? ### 全職維運團隊退場 => 開發的人要為自己寫的 code 負責,而不是丟給其他人 Eating your own dog food. * 商業發展不該受系統能力限制 * 隨時可部署是基本,週五不部署是一種選擇 * 每個系統可以有自己的部署計畫 * 唯一指標是SLA(Service Level Agreement) 去想想怎麼去優化自己的SLA ### 多層配套 1. Monitoring system > 監控、修復、預警、自動還原 2. 技術客服介入 > 初步判斷並嘗試排除錯誤 3. 維運團隊接手 > 排除問題所花費的時間逐步降低 ### Deploy on Firdays. 1. 從商業層面上是難以完全避免的 > 你可以減少在週五部署,但你得有能力隨時發佈程式 2. 對技術對來說,是正面價值 > 技術能力的提升,很多時候來自於挑戰自己的邊界 > 可以看看 Netflix 的 chaos monkey ### 你的腦袋裡可能存在著很多為什麼 為什麼不還技術債?為什麼業績導向?為什麼專案這麼趕不提早講?為什麼做這麼累,薪水只有這樣?為什麼找這麼爛的PM來管? ### 每個「為何」都值得深入探索 很多時候探索完,問題的答案就找到了 而解決問題的方法,... ### 每次跨出「邊界」都是成長的開始 如果你估做了幾年,發現抱怨的事情都一樣,你應該試著跨出邊界 ### 技術可能是表面問題 ###### tags: `MOPCON 2020`

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