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    # 讓繁體中文 NLP 自然語言處理落地的困難與機遇 - Eric Lam {%hackmd rG6pzIawQKe5cHU4rycgYg %} # Link [投影片連結](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1Y-Az5lJOE-iMuvH-C-vQL67GigbqlCEw83SR9Zfht1s/edit?usp=sharing) [資料下載/預處理](https://github.com/voidful/NLPrep) [資料下載/預處理 Viewer](https://github.com/voidful/NLPrep) [模型訓練,測試](https://github.com/voidful/TFkit) [模型做成API跟網站](https://github.com/voidful/nlp2go) [模型做成API跟網站的Dockerfile](https://github.com/voidful/nlp2go/tree/master/demo_site) [nlp2go Demo](demo.voidful.tech) ## Speaker 中興大學 UDIC Lab 研究領域:文本生成/機器閱讀理解 [講者 Github](https://github.com/voidful) [講者 Blog](https://voidful.tech) ## AlphaGO 熱潮 AI 熱潮興起,但 NLP 並沒有跟到這一波熱潮 那 NLP 會如何發展呢? ## 介紹 NLP 將文本變成電腦可以理解的內容 ### 傳統做法 - 情緒分析 input 沒有人會喜歡你 -> output 正面/負面 斷詞後轉換成為向量(分為正向及負向) ### 難處:斷詞 英文不需要斷詞,繁體中文很需要 英文例子:More - 多一些 #### 1. 斷詞的問題 - 分歧 放心 沒有 人 會 喜歡 你 <-負面 放心 沒有人 會 喜歡 你 <-正面 #### 2. 斷詞的問題 - 一詞多義 蘋果 日報 蘋果 西打 #### 3. 斷詞斷詞斷詞,很重要所以要說三次 ### 解決:斷詞+斷字 看上下文 ### 傳統 NLP 模型架構 > 簡單的文本轉換數字 => 複雜的閱讀理解 => 機器翻譯 + NER ### 新的 NLP 模型 >強大的文本轉換數字 => 強大的模型 + 上下文理解 ※直接得到句子的向量,學習句子怎麼講 沒有 [Mask] 會喜歡你 沒有 人 會喜歡你 ### 新 NLP 模型架構 - BERT 1. 句子分類更測 2. 多語言 BERT,在英文上訓練,直接中文測試 3. 我變禿了,也變強了 BERT inside - 句子分類 - 字元分類 - 每個字都給他一個標籤,標出想要的名詞開頭結尾 - 閱讀理解 - [機器閱讀理解demo](https://demo.voidful.tech/#%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E9%96%B1%E8%AE%80%E7%90%86%E8%A7%A3) - 找到文章開始跟結尾的位置 - 總長為文章字數 + 開頭 - 機遇 - 新任務 - 文本生成 - 給定開頭,生成通順的下文 ## 繁體中文NLP的機遇 1. 解決斷詞問題 2. 新的訓練方式 3. 更加通用的模型,可以用在不同的xx 4. 新的任務,更多的可能性 ## 挑戰 1. 商業應用難 - NLP 比較抽象/不夠fancy - 垃圾郵件偵測器 - 聊天機器人 - 機器翻譯 - 電影評分解析機器人 - 人名辨識器 - 文本摘要機器 2. 商業應用難 - 包山包海 - 通訊軟體、社群軟體、資料分析、App串接、...等 <!-- TODO picture link --> 3. 商業應用難 - 成本高 - 文本生成模型 - 一筆資料兩秒 - 一個 user 一週 100 題,一個就需要 800 秒 v100 - 成本 82 塊一小時 - **這是單純模型運算成本** 4. 商業應用難 - 初期使用者 >缺乏標記資料使得初期效果不好 >難以找到初期嚐鮮的使用者 >沒有使用者,沒有資料更新模型 >loop 5. 商業應用難 - 穩定持續改善的服務 * 準備訓練資料 * 什麼時候要改善 * 訓練成本高,不能一直更新 * 如何更新 * 提高效率 * 持續提高效率降低成本 **無法保證模型準確度的時程** ## Data Labeling(資料標記) - 讓模型介入檢查 - 減少標記人力 > 學術的資料集都有錯誤發生 公司的資料集更可能出錯 [name=講者] >引入模型來檢查標記是否正確 >[name=講者] >模型之間分岐大,標記內容也不盡相同 >如果不小心真的獲得幾百萬的資料,該如何確認沒有重複標記? - 改善模型 - 新的訓練改變就輸出,資料不是越多越好 - 模型訓練/驗證/版本/參數/模型架構/程式碼/所有預測結果... - 訓練模型時,請丟代表性資料,不需要全部舊資料都丟 - 強烈建議所有模型建立者把所有 log 記下來,以便為來出錯時能拿來比對 - 要寫 Test Case - Optimization - 重新訓練模型的成本很高 - 模型會很容易被用爆server - Backend: load balance, caching - inference: ONNX - Model: pruning/konwledge distillation/ fatorization/ weight sharing - 重新訓練模型:不要頻繁訓練新模型,記錄每次訓練的版本 [try it!! -> Demo](https://demo.voidful.tech) ###### tags: `MOPCON 2020`

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