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Apostila Python 3.8.2 Django

  • visual code
  • instalar plugins
    • phyton para vc code
    • kite phyton
    • linting, debbugi phyton
  • baixar e instalar o phyton
  • instalar sem colocar email
  • marcar automaticamente
curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py
python get-pip.py
python -m pip install Django

NO LINUX:

sudo apt-get install python3.7
sudo apt-get install python3-pip

python3 -V
pip3 -V

pip3 install Django
django-admin --version

ATUALIZANDO A VERSAO DO PIP3

pip3 install --upgrade pip

https://tecadmin.net/install-django-on-ubuntu/

Step 3 – Create A Django Application
cd /var/www
django-admin startproject testedom

cd django_app
python3 manage.py migrate

Step 4 – Create Super User
python3 manage.py createsuperuser

Step 5 – Run Django Application
vi django_app/settings.py
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['192.168.1.239']
python3 manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000
http://192.168.1.239:8000

sh pycharm.sh

NO PYCHARM:

CRIANDO PROJETO
https://www.treinaweb.com.br/blog/criando-o-primeiro-projeto-django/

COMANDO PARA RODAR O DJANGO
python manage.py runserver

RODA NESSA PORTA
http://127.0.0.1:8000/

https://tutorial.djangogirls.org/pt/django_models/
python manage.py startapp blog
criar classe modelo
python manage.py makemigrations blog - criando banco
python manage.py migrate blog - criar as tabelas
alterar admin.py
python manage.py runserver

NO DIRETORIO DO PYCHARM 26-04-2020

CRIAR PROJETO DJANGO

Rodar no terminal:
django-admin startproject testedom

abrir o Pycharm nesse diretorio

COMANDO PARA RODAR O DJANGO
python manage.py runserver

NO WINDOWS

https://medium.com/horadecodar/instalando-django-2-1-e-criando-um-projeto-windows-e-linux-67cbff58496c

CRIAR A ENV

python -m venv myvenv
myvenv\Scripts\activate

python -m pip install –upgrade pip
criar requirements.txt
escrever nele Django~=3.0.5
pip install -r requirements.txt
myvenv\Scripts\activate

django-admin.exe startproject mysite .
python manage.py migrate

python manage.py startapp blog
classe models
python manage.py makemigrations blog
manage.py migrate blog

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/intro/tutorial01/
django-admin startproject mysite
python manage.py startapp polls

OUTRA FORMA NO WINDOWS:

https://docs.python.org/pt-br/3/tutorial/venv.html

Criar um diretorio, entrar nele e dar os comandos pelo PowerShell administrador

python3 -m venv tutorial-env
tutorial-env\Scripts\activate.bat

Digitar no terminal:

python

Dando o mesmo comando pelo terminal do Visual Code

Abrir um outro terminal e instalar as bibliotecas:
:point_right: (Digitar tudo numa linha só)

pip install django djangorestframework markdown 
django-filter django-cors-headers

Para listar as biblotecas instaladas:

pip freeze

Estrutura do diretorio:



Com o Django instalado vamos iniciar o projeto.

django-admin startproject projeto_belem

Entrar no diretorio

cd projeto_belem

Criar o projeto alunos

django-admin startapp alunos

Comando Migrate para o django criar as nossas tabelas do DB

python manage.py migrate

Criar um usuário para acessar o Django

python manage.py createsuperuser

Exemplo:
Usuario: Belem
Senha: 1234

Iniciar o servidor

python manage.py runserver

Visualizando no browser

Logando como administrador:
http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin

Logando com usuario: Belem e senha: 1234

Logado

Em projeto_belem/projeto_belem/settings.py vamos configurar os INSTALLED_APPS.











INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'alunos',
    'rest_framework'
]

Em alunos/models.py








from django.db import models

class Aluno(models.Model):
    nome = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    curso = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    data_nasc = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField()
    matricula = models.BooleanField(default=True)

Realizamos as migrations

python manage.py makemigrations

0001_initial.py

Gerado automaticamente


























# Generated by Django 3.0.5 on 2020-05-04 14:29

from django.db import migrations, models

class Migration(migrations.Migration):

    initial = True

    dependencies = [
    ]

    operations = [
        migrations.CreateModel(
            name='Aluno',
            fields=[
                ('id', models.AutoField(auto_created=True, 
                primary_key=True, serialize=False, verbose_name='ID')),
                ('nome', models.CharField(max_length=200)),
                ('curso', models.CharField(max_length=200)),
                ('data_nasc', models.PositiveSmallIntegerField()),
                ('matricula', models.BooleanField(default=True)),
            ],
        ),
    ]

Migrar o model

python manage.py migrate

projeto_belem/alunos/admin.py





from django.contrib import admin
from .models import Aluno

admin.site.register(Aluno)

Iniciar o servidor

python manage.py runserver

Visualizando no browser. Mostra alunos
http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/

models.py

Adicionando toString na classe















from django.db import models


class Aluno(models.Model):
    nome = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    curso = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    data_nasc = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField()
    matricula = models.BooleanField(default=True)

    def __str__ (self):
        return self.nome
        return self.curso
        return self.data_nasc
        return self.matricula

Confirmar alterações na classe

python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate
python manage.py runserver

projeto_belem/projeto_belem/urls.py








from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import include, path

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls'))
]

projeto_belem/projeto_belem/settings.py

Adicionar ao final da classe






REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': [
        'rest_framework.permissions.DjangoModelPermissionsOrAnonReadOnly'
    ]
}

Criar o diretorio api e os arquivos:

  • serializers.py
  • views.py
  • urls.py
  • __init__.py

projeto_belem/alunos/api/serializers.py









from rest_framework import serializers
from alunos.models import Aluno

class AlunoSerlialiser(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    class Meta:
        model = Aluno
        fields = ('__all__')

projeto_belem/alunos/api/views.py








from  rest_framework import viewsets
from alunos.models import Aluno
from alunos.api.serializers import AlunoSerlialiser

class AlunoViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Aluno.objects.all().filter(matricula=True)
    serializer_class = AlunoSerlialiser

projeto_belem/alunos/api/urls.py











from django.urls import path, include
from rest_framework import routers
from .views import AlunoViewSet

router = routers.DefaultRouter()
router.register('alunos', AlunoViewSet)

urlpatterns = [
    path('', include((router.urls)))
]

projeto_belem/alunos/api/__init__.py

projeto_belem/projeto_belem/urls.py

























"""projeto_belem URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import include, path

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls')),
    path('api/', include('alunos.api.urls'))
]

Projeto finalizado

http://127.0.0.1:8000/

http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/

http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/

http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/alunos/

:fire: Criando projeto many to many

Criar um diretorio para armazenar os projetos

mkdir projetosMany

Criar a env e ativar

python3 -m venv proj_many_env
proj_many_env\Scripts\activate.bat

Fazer as instalações das bibliotecas:







pip install django
pip install psycopg2
pip install django djangorestframework markdown django-filter
pip install requests
pip install django-cors-headers
pip install httpie

.

pip install django


pip install psycopg2


pip install django djangorestframework markdown django-filter


pip install requests


pip install django-cors-headers


pip install httpie

Criar o projeto django chamado sistema

django-admin startproject sistema

Entrar no diretorio criado:

cd sistema

Criar o app.

python manage.py startapp restEstoque

Projeto criado

Alterar models.py








































from django.db import models

class Peca(models.Model):
    idPeca = models.AutoField(primary_key= True,)
    valor = models.FloatField()
    descricao = models.CharField(max_length=255)

    def __str__(self):
        return '%d, %f, %s' % (self.idPeca, self.valor, self.descricao)
    def __repr__(self):
        return '%d, %f, %s' % (self.idPeca, self.valor, self.descricao)
    pass

class Usuario(models.Model):
    idUsuario  = models.AutoField(primary_key=True, )
    nome = models.CharField(max_length= 100)

    def __repr__(self):
        return '%d, %s' % (self.idUsuario, self.nome)
    def __str__(self):
        return '%d, %s' % (self.idUsuario, self.nome)
    pass

class Demanda(models.Model):
    idDemanda = models.AutoField(primary_key = True, )
    rua = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    bairro = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    numero = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    cep = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    cidade = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    status = models.IntegerField()
    usuario = models.ForeignKey(Usuario, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    pecas  = models.ManyToManyField(Peca)

    def __str__(self):
        return '%d, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s' % (self.idDemanda, self.rua, self.bairro, self.numero, self.cep, self.cidade, self.status)
    def __repr__(self):
        return '%d, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s' % (self.idDemanda, self.rua, self.bairro, self.numero, self.cep, self.cidade, self.status)
    pass

Alterar settings.py, inserindo os apps e o banco de dados

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'rest_framework',
    'rest_framework.authtoken',
    'restEstoque'
]

...

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
        'NAME': 'aulateste',
        'USER': 'postgres',
        'HOST': 'localhost',
        'PASSWORD': 'coti',
        'PORT': '5432',
    }
}

Alterar Urls.py do projeto (sistema). Deixar comentado para rodar o makemigrations













from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include
from django.conf.urls import url
from rest_framework.authtoken.views import obtain_auth_token

# from restEstoque.urls import router

urlpatterns = [
    path('api/token/', obtain_auth_token, name='api-token'),
    # url(r'^api/', include(router.urls))

]

Fazer a migration

python manage.py makemigrations restEstoque


python manage.py migrate

Classe gerada 0001_initial.py














































# Generated by Django 3.0.5 on 2020-05-13 19:15

from django.db import migrations, models
import django.db.models.deletion


class Migration(migrations.Migration):

    initial = True

    dependencies = [
    ]

    operations = [
        migrations.CreateModel(
            name='Peca',
            fields=[
                ('idPeca', models.AutoField(primary_key=True, serialize=False)),
                ('valor', models.FloatField()),
                ('descricao', models.CharField(max_length=255)),
            ],
        ),
        migrations.CreateModel(
            name='Usuario',
            fields=[
                ('idUsuario', models.AutoField(primary_key=True, serialize=False)),
                ('nome', models.CharField(max_length=100)),
            ],
        ),
        migrations.CreateModel(
            name='Demanda',
            fields=[
                ('idDemanda', models.AutoField(primary_key=True, serialize=False)),
                ('rua', models.CharField(max_length=100)),
                ('bairro', models.CharField(max_length=100)),
                ('numero', models.CharField(max_length=100)),
                ('cep', models.CharField(max_length=100)),
                ('cidade', models.CharField(max_length=100)),
                ('status', models.IntegerField()),
                ('pecas', models.ManyToManyField(to='restEstoque.Peca')),
                ('usuario', models.ForeignKey(on_delete=django.db.models.deletion.CASCADE, to='restEstoque.Usuario')),
            ],
        ),
    ]

Criar o admin do projeto. Usuario: belem, senha: 123

python manage.py createsuperuser

Dentro de sistema criar o diretorio api

Dentro de restEstoque criar o arquivo serializers.py





















from rest_framework import serializers
from .models import *

class PecaSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Peca
        fields = ('idPeca', 'valor', 'descricao')
    pass

class UsuarioSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Usuario
        fields = ('idUsuario', 'nome')
    pass

class DemandaSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Demanda
        fields = ('idDemanda', 'rua', 'bairro', 'numero', 'cidade', 'cep', 'status', 'usuario', 'pecas')
    pass

Alterar a views.py do rest_projeto























































from django.shortcuts import render

from .models import *
from .serializers import *
from rest_framework import viewsets, authentication, permissions, serializers,reverse

class DemandaViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Demanda.objects.order_by('idDemanda')
    serializer_class = DemandaSerializer
    links = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    # PUT, DELETE, POST, GET
    def get_links(self, obj):
        request = self.context['request']
        return {
            'self': reverse('demanda-detail', kwargs={'pk': obj.pk}, request=request)
        }
        pass
    pass

class PecaViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Peca.objects.order_by('valor')
    serializer_class = PecaSerializer
    links = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    # PUT, DELETE, POST, GET
    def get_links(self, obj):
        request = self.context['request']
        return {
            'self': reverse('peca-detail', kwargs={'pk': obj.pk}, request=request)
        }
        pass
    pass

class UsuarioViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Usuario.objects.order_by('nome')
    serializer_class = UsuarioSerializer
    links = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    # PUT, DELETE, POST, GET
    def get_links(self, obj):
        request = self.context['request']
        return {
            'self': reverse('usuario-detail', kwargs={'pk': obj.pk}, request=request)
        }
        pass
    pass

class DefaultsMixin(object):
    authentication_classes = (
        authentication.BasicAuthentication,
        authentication.TokenAuthentication
    )
    permission_classes = (
        permissions.IsAuthenticated,
    )
    pass

Alterar urls.py dentro do restEstoque








from rest_framework.routers import SimpleRouter, DefaultRouter
from .import views

router = DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'demandas', views.DemandaViewSet)
router.register(r'pecas', views.PecaViewSet)
router.register(r'usuarios', views.UsuarioViewSet)

Alterar urls.py de sistema. Descomentar












from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include
from django.conf.urls import url
from rest_framework.authtoken.views import obtain_auth_token

from restEstoque.urls import router

urlpatterns = [
    path('api/token/', obtain_auth_token, name='api-token'),
    url(r'^api/', include(router.urls))
]

Para rodar:

python manage.py runserver

:eye: Visualizando no banco

tags: python apostila
Last changed by 
 
Luciana Medeiros
Angular developer
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