# Apostila Python 3.8.2 Django
* visual code
* instalar plugins
* phyton para vc code
* kite phyton
* linting, debbugi phyton
* baixar e instalar o phyton
* instalar sem colocar email
* marcar automaticamente
```
curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py
python get-pip.py
python -m pip install Django
```
**NO LINUX:**
```
sudo apt-get install python3.7
sudo apt-get install python3-pip
python3 -V
pip3 -V
pip3 install Django
django-admin --version
```
**ATUALIZANDO A VERSAO DO PIP3**
```
pip3 install --upgrade pip
```
https://tecadmin.net/install-django-on-ubuntu/
Step 3 – Create A Django Application
cd /var/www
django-admin startproject testedom
cd django_app
python3 manage.py migrate
Step 4 – Create Super User
python3 manage.py createsuperuser
Step 5 – Run Django Application
vi django_app/settings.py
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['192.168.1.239']
python3 manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000
http://192.168.1.239:8000
sh pycharm.sh
## NO PYCHARM:
CRIANDO PROJETO
https://www.treinaweb.com.br/blog/criando-o-primeiro-projeto-django/
COMANDO PARA RODAR O DJANGO
python manage.py runserver
RODA NESSA PORTA
http://127.0.0.1:8000/
---
https://tutorial.djangogirls.org/pt/django_models/
python manage.py startapp blog
criar classe modelo
python manage.py makemigrations blog - criando banco
python manage.py migrate blog - criar as tabelas
alterar admin.py
python manage.py runserver
## NO DIRETORIO DO PYCHARM 26-04-2020
CRIAR PROJETO DJANGO
Rodar no terminal:
django-admin startproject testedom
abrir o Pycharm nesse diretorio
COMANDO PARA RODAR O DJANGO
python manage.py runserver
****************
## NO WINDOWS
https://medium.com/horadecodar/instalando-django-2-1-e-criando-um-projeto-windows-e-linux-67cbff58496c
### CRIAR A ENV
python -m venv myvenv
myvenv\Scripts\activate
python -m pip install --upgrade pip
criar requirements.txt
escrever nele Django~=3.0.5
pip install -r requirements.txt
myvenv\Scripts\activate
django-admin.exe startproject mysite .
python manage.py migrate
python manage.py startapp blog
classe models
python manage.py makemigrations blog
manage.py migrate blog
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/intro/tutorial01/
django-admin startproject mysite
python manage.py startapp polls
---
### OUTRA FORMA NO WINDOWS:
https://docs.python.org/pt-br/3/tutorial/venv.html
Criar um diretorio, entrar nele e dar os comandos pelo PowerShell **administrador**
```
python3 -m venv tutorial-env
tutorial-env\Scripts\activate.bat
```
---
Digitar no terminal:
```
python
```
---
Dando o mesmo comando pelo terminal do **Visual Code**
---
Abrir um outro terminal e instalar as bibliotecas:
:point_right: **(Digitar tudo numa linha só)**
```
pip install django djangorestframework markdown
django-filter django-cors-headers
```
---
Para listar as biblotecas instaladas:
```
pip freeze
```
---
Estrutura do diretorio:
---
Com o Django instalado vamos **iniciar** o projeto.
```
django-admin startproject projeto_belem
```
---
Entrar no diretorio
```
cd projeto_belem
```
---
Criar o projeto **alunos**
```
django-admin startapp alunos
```
Comando **Migrate** para o django criar as nossas tabelas do DB
```
python manage.py migrate
```
---
Criar um usuário para acessar o Django
```
python manage.py createsuperuser
```
**Exemplo:**
Usuario: Belem
Senha: 1234
---
Iniciar o servidor
```
python manage.py runserver
```
---
Visualizando no browser
---
Logando como **administrador:**
http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin
---
Logando com usuario: **Belem** e senha: **1234**
---
Logado
---
Em **projeto_belem/projeto_belem/settings.py** vamos configurar os INSTALLED_APPS.
```python=
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'alunos',
'rest_framework'
]
```
---
### Em **alunos/models.py**
```python=
from django.db import models
class Aluno(models.Model):
nome = models.CharField(max_length=200)
curso = models.CharField(max_length=200)
data_nasc = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField()
matricula = models.BooleanField(default=True)
```
Realizamos as migrations
```
python manage.py makemigrations
```
---
---
### 0001_initial.py
Gerado automaticamente
```python=
# Generated by Django 3.0.5 on 2020-05-04 14:29
from django.db import migrations, models
class Migration(migrations.Migration):
initial = True
dependencies = [
]
operations = [
migrations.CreateModel(
name='Aluno',
fields=[
('id', models.AutoField(auto_created=True,
primary_key=True, serialize=False, verbose_name='ID')),
('nome', models.CharField(max_length=200)),
('curso', models.CharField(max_length=200)),
('data_nasc', models.PositiveSmallIntegerField()),
('matricula', models.BooleanField(default=True)),
],
),
]
```
Migrar o model
```
python manage.py migrate
```
---
### projeto_belem/alunos/admin.py
```python=
from django.contrib import admin
from .models import Aluno
admin.site.register(Aluno)
```
Iniciar o servidor
```
python manage.py runserver
```
Visualizando no browser. Mostra **alunos**
http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/
---
### models.py
Adicionando toString na classe
```python=
from django.db import models
class Aluno(models.Model):
nome = models.CharField(max_length=200)
curso = models.CharField(max_length=200)
data_nasc = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField()
matricula = models.BooleanField(default=True)
def __str__ (self):
return self.nome
return self.curso
return self.data_nasc
return self.matricula
```
Confirmar alterações na classe
```
python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate
python manage.py runserver
```
---
### projeto_belem/projeto_belem/urls.py
```python=
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import include, path
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
path('api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls'))
]
```
### projeto_belem/projeto_belem/settings.py
Adicionar ao final da classe
```python=80
REST_FRAMEWORK = {
'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': [
'rest_framework.permissions.DjangoModelPermissionsOrAnonReadOnly'
]
}
```
---
Criar o diretorio **`api`** e os arquivos:
* `serializers.py`
* `views.py`
* `urls.py`
* `__init__.py`
---
### projeto_belem/alunos/api/serializers.py
```python=
from rest_framework import serializers
from alunos.models import Aluno
class AlunoSerlialiser(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Aluno
fields = ('__all__')
```
### projeto_belem/alunos/api/views.py
```python=
from rest_framework import viewsets
from alunos.models import Aluno
from alunos.api.serializers import AlunoSerlialiser
class AlunoViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
queryset = Aluno.objects.all().filter(matricula=True)
serializer_class = AlunoSerlialiser
```
### projeto_belem/alunos/api/urls.py
```python=
from django.urls import path, include
from rest_framework import routers
from .views import AlunoViewSet
router = routers.DefaultRouter()
router.register('alunos', AlunoViewSet)
urlpatterns = [
path('', include((router.urls)))
]
```
### projeto_belem/alunos/api/`__init__.py`
```python=
```
### projeto_belem/projeto_belem/urls.py
```python=
"""projeto_belem URL Configuration
The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
1. Add an import: from my_app import views
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
1. Add an import: from other_app.views import Home
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import include, path
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
path('api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls')),
path('api/', include('alunos.api.urls'))
]
```
## Projeto finalizado
http://127.0.0.1:8000/
---
http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/
---
http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/
---
http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/alunos/
## :fire: Criando projeto many to many
Criar um diretorio para armazenar os projetos
```
mkdir projetosMany
```
Criar a env e ativar
```
python3 -m venv proj_many_env
proj_many_env\Scripts\activate.bat
```
Fazer as instalações das bibliotecas:
```python=
pip install django
pip install psycopg2
pip install django djangorestframework markdown django-filter
pip install requests
pip install django-cors-headers
pip install httpie
```
.
```
pip install django
```
```
pip install psycopg2
```
```
pip install django djangorestframework markdown django-filter
```
```
pip install requests
```
```
pip install django-cors-headers
```
```
pip install httpie
```
Criar o projeto django chamado **sistema**
```
django-admin startproject sistema
```
Entrar no diretorio criado:
```
cd sistema
```
Criar o app.
```
python manage.py startapp restEstoque
```
Projeto criado
Alterar **`models.py`**
```python=
from django.db import models
class Peca(models.Model):
idPeca = models.AutoField(primary_key= True,)
valor = models.FloatField()
descricao = models.CharField(max_length=255)
def __str__(self):
return '%d, %f, %s' % (self.idPeca, self.valor, self.descricao)
def __repr__(self):
return '%d, %f, %s' % (self.idPeca, self.valor, self.descricao)
pass
class Usuario(models.Model):
idUsuario = models.AutoField(primary_key=True, )
nome = models.CharField(max_length= 100)
def __repr__(self):
return '%d, %s' % (self.idUsuario, self.nome)
def __str__(self):
return '%d, %s' % (self.idUsuario, self.nome)
pass
class Demanda(models.Model):
idDemanda = models.AutoField(primary_key = True, )
rua = models.CharField(max_length=100)
bairro = models.CharField(max_length=100)
numero = models.CharField(max_length=100)
cep = models.CharField(max_length=100)
cidade = models.CharField(max_length=100)
status = models.IntegerField()
usuario = models.ForeignKey(Usuario, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
pecas = models.ManyToManyField(Peca)
def __str__(self):
return '%d, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s' % (self.idDemanda, self.rua, self.bairro, self.numero, self.cep, self.cidade, self.status)
def __repr__(self):
return '%d, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s' % (self.idDemanda, self.rua, self.bairro, self.numero, self.cep, self.cidade, self.status)
pass
```
Alterar **`settings.py`**, inserindo os apps e o banco de dados
```
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'rest_framework',
'rest_framework.authtoken',
'restEstoque'
]
...
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
'NAME': 'aulateste',
'USER': 'postgres',
'HOST': 'localhost',
'PASSWORD': 'coti',
'PORT': '5432',
}
}
```
Alterar **`Urls.py`** do projeto (sistema). Deixar comentado para rodar o **makemigrations**
```python=
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include
from django.conf.urls import url
from rest_framework.authtoken.views import obtain_auth_token
# from restEstoque.urls import router
urlpatterns = [
path('api/token/', obtain_auth_token, name='api-token'),
# url(r'^api/', include(router.urls))
]
```
Fazer a **migration**
```
python manage.py makemigrations restEstoque
```
```
python manage.py migrate
```
Classe gerada **`0001_initial.py`**
```python=
# Generated by Django 3.0.5 on 2020-05-13 19:15
from django.db import migrations, models
import django.db.models.deletion
class Migration(migrations.Migration):
initial = True
dependencies = [
]
operations = [
migrations.CreateModel(
name='Peca',
fields=[
('idPeca', models.AutoField(primary_key=True, serialize=False)),
('valor', models.FloatField()),
('descricao', models.CharField(max_length=255)),
],
),
migrations.CreateModel(
name='Usuario',
fields=[
('idUsuario', models.AutoField(primary_key=True, serialize=False)),
('nome', models.CharField(max_length=100)),
],
),
migrations.CreateModel(
name='Demanda',
fields=[
('idDemanda', models.AutoField(primary_key=True, serialize=False)),
('rua', models.CharField(max_length=100)),
('bairro', models.CharField(max_length=100)),
('numero', models.CharField(max_length=100)),
('cep', models.CharField(max_length=100)),
('cidade', models.CharField(max_length=100)),
('status', models.IntegerField()),
('pecas', models.ManyToManyField(to='restEstoque.Peca')),
('usuario', models.ForeignKey(on_delete=django.db.models.deletion.CASCADE, to='restEstoque.Usuario')),
],
),
]
```
Criar o admin do projeto. Usuario: belem, senha: 123
```
python manage.py createsuperuser
```
Dentro de **sistema** criar o diretorio **api**
---
Dentro de **restEstoque** criar o arquivo **`serializers.py`**
```python=
from rest_framework import serializers
from .models import *
class PecaSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Peca
fields = ('idPeca', 'valor', 'descricao')
pass
class UsuarioSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Usuario
fields = ('idUsuario', 'nome')
pass
class DemandaSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Demanda
fields = ('idDemanda', 'rua', 'bairro', 'numero', 'cidade', 'cep', 'status', 'usuario', 'pecas')
pass
```
Alterar a **`views.py`** do **rest_projeto**
```python=
from django.shortcuts import render
from .models import *
from .serializers import *
from rest_framework import viewsets, authentication, permissions, serializers,reverse
class DemandaViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
queryset = Demanda.objects.order_by('idDemanda')
serializer_class = DemandaSerializer
links = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
# PUT, DELETE, POST, GET
def get_links(self, obj):
request = self.context['request']
return {
'self': reverse('demanda-detail', kwargs={'pk': obj.pk}, request=request)
}
pass
pass
class PecaViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
queryset = Peca.objects.order_by('valor')
serializer_class = PecaSerializer
links = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
# PUT, DELETE, POST, GET
def get_links(self, obj):
request = self.context['request']
return {
'self': reverse('peca-detail', kwargs={'pk': obj.pk}, request=request)
}
pass
pass
class UsuarioViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
queryset = Usuario.objects.order_by('nome')
serializer_class = UsuarioSerializer
links = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
# PUT, DELETE, POST, GET
def get_links(self, obj):
request = self.context['request']
return {
'self': reverse('usuario-detail', kwargs={'pk': obj.pk}, request=request)
}
pass
pass
class DefaultsMixin(object):
authentication_classes = (
authentication.BasicAuthentication,
authentication.TokenAuthentication
)
permission_classes = (
permissions.IsAuthenticated,
)
pass
```
Alterar **`urls.py`** dentro do **restEstoque**
```python=
from rest_framework.routers import SimpleRouter, DefaultRouter
from .import views
router = DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'demandas', views.DemandaViewSet)
router.register(r'pecas', views.PecaViewSet)
router.register(r'usuarios', views.UsuarioViewSet)
```
Alterar **`urls.py`** de **sistema**. Descomentar
```python=
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include
from django.conf.urls import url
from rest_framework.authtoken.views import obtain_auth_token
from restEstoque.urls import router
urlpatterns = [
path('api/token/', obtain_auth_token, name='api-token'),
url(r'^api/', include(router.urls))
]
```
Para rodar:
```python=
python manage.py runserver
```
:eye: Visualizando no banco
###### tags: `python` `apostila`
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