LASD | Basic Use of Force Guidelines

Introduction

These guidelines provide a framework for deputies to determine the appropriate level of force necessary in different situations. They help assist Deputies when making judgemental calls.

De-escalation

De-escalation techniques are essential for law enforcement deputies to minimize the need for use of force and ensure the safety of all the person(s) involved. De-escalation prioritizes communication, empathy, and strategic decision-making to resolve situations peacefully. Here are some key de-escalation techniques:L

1. Active Listening

2. Maintaining Calm and Composure

3. Effective Communication

4. Empathy and Understanding

5. Offering Options and Choices

6. Seeking Support and Backup

7. Time and Space

8. Avoiding Physical Intimidation

Levels of Force

The use of force is typically categorized into several levels, ranging from least to most severe. These levels serve as a reference for deputies to assess the situation and respond accordingly.

1. Verbal Commands: The initial level of force, where deputies use clear and concise verbal commands to gain compliance from individuals. This includes instructing individuals to stop, show their hands, or follow other specific instructions.

2. Hands-On: In situations where verbal commands are not effective, deputies may use hands-on techniques. This involves physically controlling an individual through tackling, punching, or using melee weapons to gain control.

3. Less Lethal Force: When confronted with aggressive behavior or threats, deputies may resort to less lethal force options. This can include the use of batons or non-lethal projectile weapons like bean bag rounds to subdue individuals without causing life-threatening injuries.

4. Lethal Force: The most extreme level of force, lethal force, is reserved for situations where there is an immediate threat to the life of the deputy or others. This includes the use of firearms to neutralize the threat. However, lethal force should always be the last resort and used only when there is no reasonable alternative.

Factors Affecting the Use of Force

The decision to use force should be based on various factors that deputies must consider in each situation. These factors include:

1. Threat Assessment: Deputies must assess the level of threat presented by the individual or situation. Factors such as the presence of weapons, aggressive behavior, or potential harm to others influence the choice of force.

2. Proportionality: The level of force used should be proportionate to the threat faced. Deputies should consider the severity of the situation and attempt to minimize the risk to all parties involved.

3. Immediacy: The immediacy of the threat determines the urgency and necessity of the use of force. If there is an immediate danger to the deputy or others, a higher level of force may be justified.

4. Availability of Resources: The availability of appropriate resources and backup can impact the use of force. Deputies should consider the assistance they have on hand and the potential for de-escalation before resorting to higher levels of force.

5. Duty to Protect: Deputies have a duty to protect the community and maintain public safety. This duty should guide their decision-making process when assessing the use of force.

Reporting and Review Process

To ensure accountability and fairness, it is important to establish a reporting and review process for the use of force incidents. This process may include:

1. Incident Documentation: Deputies involved in a use of force incident should document the details of the event, including the circumstances leading up to the use of force, actions taken, and any injuries sustained.

2. Command Review: The command staff, consisting of higher-ranking deputies, should conduct a review of the incident report to ensure compliance with departmental policies and procedures. They may assess the reasonableness and appropriateness of the use of force.

3. Training and Policy Updates: Regular training sessions should be conducted to educate deputies on proper use of force techniques and reinforce departmental policies. Feedback from incidents and reviews should be used to update and improve these policies as necessary.

Conclusion

. By adhering to these guidelines and considering the factors that influence the use of force, deputies can make informed decisions and maintain public trust. Regular review and training are essential to ensure continuous improvement and accountability within the Department.