Selenium - Notes 1

1. WebDriver object is inited by Test class and is assigned to Page class

2. Aware driver object becomes null in POM model

Might be due to the design which passes the incorrect driver object to the page object.

3. Use TestBase class, PageBase class

Or another way that applies more OOP and design patterns.

4. Invisible elements cannot be found when using WebDriverWait ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated

For example, when sending the key to the file upload input tag.

5. When cannot locate elements

• Check if multiple windows, switch to that window: Set<String> s = driver.getWindowHandles();
• Check if the element is visible/ interactable

6. All the methods have a return value

Return current page or another page.

For example,

7. Locate the checkbox element

When cannot locate the checkbox element in the table row/ column, can try to click on the tb element which contains the target string.

8. When fail to locate elements

When fail to locate an element with a certain attribute (eg, class), try to locate by using different locating methods (eg, use By.cssSelector or By.className or By.xPath)

For example, locate button element:

This doe not work

private By applyBtn = By.className("applyBtn btn btn-sm btn-glow inverse");

But this works

private By applyBtn = By.cssSelector("button[class='applyBtn btn btn-sm btn-glow inverse']");

9. Handling Session timeout when obtaining data from an element for a long time

Increase the waiting time for the element to exist or be displayed.

10. Scrolling to the end of the page

// navigate to the page
driver.navigate().to("https://blog.testproject.io/2021/09/29/best-practices-for-testing-microservices/");

// send js to scroll to end
((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript("window.scrollTo(0, document.body.scrollHeight)");

If does not work, can try scrolling to the element which is located at the page end instead.

11. Scrolling to element

If cannot scroll to certain elements, try to scroll to other elements on the same page, and return that element. And use XPath Axes to locate the target element.

Most common way:

WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id("id_of_element"));
driver.executeScript("arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);", element);

Another way that might work, refer to: https://medium.com/geekculture/best-way-to-use-scrollintoview-in-selenium-using-javascriptexecutor-f53518c5beed

WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id("id_of_element"));
String script = "arguments[0].scrollIntoView({behavior: \"auto\", block: \"center\", inline: \"center\"});";
driver.executeScript(script, element);

12. Handling Select element (dropdown list)

Select an item in a multi-select element.

When the webpage is well designed

Solution: https://www.guru99.com/select-option-dropdown-selenium-webdriver.html

When the webpage is like shit or the Select element is not interactable (display: none)

Click on the parent element of it, and maybe add Thread.sleep to force sleep.

For example:

Solution:
Wait visible and with delay in between to make sure it stay.

public Pagination choosePerPage(final int count) {
		waitAndClick(perPageSelectSpan);

		try {
			Thread.sleep(1000);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		getElementRemoveAttribute(waitVisible(perpage100), "unselectable").click();
		return this;
	}

Select item in dropdown when unselectable="on"

For example, solution: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38751384/clicking-on-a-field-name-whose-unselectable-is-on-using-selenium
*

* Wait a while and remove the attribute of the element

protected WebElement getElementRemoveAttribute(final WebElement element, final String attribute) {
		((JavascriptExecutor) driver)
				.executeScript("arguments[0].removeAttribute('" + attribute + "'); return arguments[0];", element);
		return element;
	}

13. Handling Web table

Refer to: https://www.lambdatest.com/blog/how-to-handle-web-table-in-selenium-webdriver/
* Get text in each td

Issues

Run multiple tests to get "SessionNotFoundException: Session ID is null. Using WebDriver after calling quit()?" (Not yet)

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/41352248/sessionnotfoundexception-session-id-is-null-using-webdriver-after-calling-quit

Solution:

Run testNG parallel.

WebDriver object driver: java.lang.NullPointerException

Solution

Remove the extra driver variable in the Page class (Because the driver is already in the PageBase class, no need to have it in the Page class that extends PageBase class)

For example,
SetupVersionPage that extends PageBase

PageBase

tags: selenium java test automation software test