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    # 計算機網路實驗報告 - ## 第三次結報 - 實驗三:_Lab3_IPv6_Mobility - 組別: 12 - 同組組員: - B09902025 許庭碩 - B09902036 周秉頡 - B09902063 董瑋 - B09902112 沈建宇 - B09902127 曾柏瑜 - B09902134 鄭鴻鈞 ## 1. ipv6 * ### 解釋ipv6的unicast, multicast, anycast * Unicast 典型的傳遞方式,例如用戶瀏覽網站就是與 server 互相傳送 unicast packets。 * Multicast 一種群組通訊可以將訊息同時傳遞給很多目標,並藉由網路設備來完成複製以及分發,例如全台大都在看球賽,可以一次只傳送一份封包到台大網路,由路由器來複製並分發給所有人 * Anycast 一個地址可以給多台設備使用,但一次只有一個人會收到訊息。例如我發送封包到某個地址,雖然有很多設備有這個地址,但只會被轉發到離我最近的人身上。 * ### 解釋Router Solicitation與Router Advertisement的用途與功能 * Router Solicitation 當某個host啟動連接到網路時,他會發送RS來向路由器要求網路的資訊如網路前綴,網關等等。 * Router Advertisement Router會定期發送RA(或回覆RS)來告知網路設定 * ### 解釋何謂Stateful與Stateless address configuration * Stateful Address Configuration 由某台裝置來維護已分發的地址,由設備向該台裝置獲取自己的地址。 * Stateless Address Configuration 由設備自己生成不重複的地址(透過DAD) * ### 何謂DAD(Duplicate Address Detection)與其運作方式 * 當裝置自己配置ipv6位址時,他會先將配置好的位址透過Neighbor Solicitation來向別人詢問是否使用該地址,若有人使用則會回傳Neighbor Advertisement來告知已使用。若收到NA則會重新生成並再次透過DAD檢查有無重複,直到一段時間沒人回應NA代表地址不重複 ## 2. Mobile IPv6 * ### MIPv6 如何解決Triangular Routing Problem? * 當Mobile切換網路時,會告知Home Agent自己的新地址,當有host想向mobile發送訊息時就可以透過Home Agent得知mobile的新位址,進而避免triangular routing。 ## 3. 實驗中遇到的難題與解決方法 - #### P1:實驗過程曾經遇到LMA server無法正常開啟的問題 - A1:進入grub將OS改成編譯過的正確版本就能啟動 - #### P2:Free Radius Server 無法正確連上MAG server - A2:在重新編譯MAG後,會自動產生新的conf檔覆蓋之前的設定,因此需要重新改conf設定 - #### P3:MN的Mac address為了反追蹤會自動生成,使得得到的IPv6會跟用真正的Mac address算出來的不同 - A3: MN夠舊就不會有反追蹤的問題 ## 4. 實驗心得 - ### B09902025 許庭碩 - 這次的實驗看似比較簡單,不過照著投影片做還是會遇到不少問題 。因此花了大約三個晚上才把實驗弄出來,而且還是在上網查資料、問助教和老師、問別組同學等方法都試過後才終於完成這次實驗。謝謝辛苦的組員們! - ### B09902127 曾柏瑜 - 進行PMIPv6網路環境建置的實驗,讓我們理解了IP的mobility和PMIPv6的運作方式。MN透過PMIPv6協定獲取固定IPv6位址的過程,使我們了解到這種協定如何在不同MAG下維持MN的IPv6位址一致性。 - 在實驗過程中遇到的一個比較大的困難是,無法選取GRUB,這導致我們無法順利架設LMA。由於一開始沒有發現是grub的問題讓我們遮了兩個晚上。 - 理解AP與MAG之間如何運作並且使用RADIUS來驗證MN的身分,儘管我們遇到了一些困難,但這次的實驗經驗讓我對於PMIPv6和LMA、MAG有了更深入的理解。 - ### B09902112 沈建宇 - 在這次實驗中我們建置PMIPv6網路環境。我們讓移動節點(Mobile Node)透過PMIPv6協定拿到一組固定的IPv6位址,使得MN在不同的MAG下移動時,維持相同的IPv6位址,讓我們可以了解PMIPv6的運作方式與IP的移動性。此外我們在實驗過程中遇到很多編譯上面的問題,雖然花了很多時間去處理,但這次的實驗讓我學習到很多。 - ### B09902036 周秉頡 * 這次實驗過程遇到許多困難,為了排除錯誤,我嘗試許多次重新編譯和重開VM,不過最後和其他組互相交流後,我們成功發現之前沒發現的盲點,最後成功排除錯誤。同時,也讓我對IPv6的運作方式更加了解,令我受益良多。 - ### B09902134 鄭鴻鈞 * 在解決問題的過程中,我學到了很多關於PMIPv6的知識。我了解到移動節點如何透過PMIPv6協定獲取固定的IPv6位址,並在不同的MAG下保持一致。 * 雖然遇到了一些困難,但這次的實驗經驗讓我收穫良多。 - ### B09902063 董瑋 - 通過這次實驗,我學到了關於PMIPv6的知識,包括移動節點獲取固定IPv6位址以及在不同移動接入網關下保持位址一致性的運作方式。儘管在架設 LMA 時因為沒有使用教授提供的 OS 而卡了很久,在MN連線時因為防追蹤機制而會有 ip 尾綴不同的情形。但在組員的共同努力下我們都一一克服了

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