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    # 2024電機之夜 螢光舞電路筆記 有鑑於今年螢光舞的電路複雜性暴增,所以開這個筆記紀錄。 ## 電路架構 ![IMG_0463](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/By6ju70sT.jpg) 上圖為今年電路的架構,其中紅線代表供電,綠線代表sensing和control訊號。 以下由左到右簡述各模組的功能: ### Li-ion battery(鋰電池) 本專案預計使用一顆18650鋰離子電池作為整個電路的供電。這種電池的電壓一般介於2.9~4.2V,可以提供數安培的電流。鋰電池的電壓會隨著放電而下降,在上述的範圍內屬於安全工作範圍。 ### Overcurrent protection(過載保護) 因為鋰電池可以提供非常大的電流,所以假如不小心短路了可能會🔥!因此,我們需要一個模組來偵測電流是否超過安全值,並且在過載時斷電來保護電池。此外,我們會透過Microcontroller的ADC來偵測電池電壓,假如低於我們設定的數值,要顯示提醒充電。 ### Microcontroller(微控制器) 這個部份是電路的大腦,和去年一樣用Raspberry Pi出品的RP2040晶片。 ### Inverter & Voltage boost(逆變 & 增壓電路) 這部份是最難搞的,用來將鋰電池的3.7V DC轉成燈條用的130V AC。這個電路包括兩個功能: 1. Inverter(逆變器):把直流電透過切換的方式轉成交流電 2. Voltage boost(增壓):利用變壓器將低電壓的交流電轉成高電壓的交流電 ### AC switch(交流開關) 今年的架構改成所有燈條共用一個增壓電路,所以需要做AC的切換。我們會使用高壓Triac來當作切換元件,並用opto-triac來和低壓的Microcontroller控制電路來做隔離。 ### EL lamp(冷光燈條) 我們縫在衣服上的燈條是這種冷光燈條,需要用交流電驅動,電壓範圍是50~200Vrms,電流大概幾十mA。這種燈條的內部結構是一種非線性的電容,在兩片plate中間有螢光塗料,有時變電場的時候就會發光。詳細請讀*建議閱讀2*。 ![P_20230331_192851-resized](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/r1_FSV0iT.jpg) ## 進度條 | 模組 | 目前進度 | 備註 | | -------- | -------- | -------- | | 過載保護 | 設計中 | 預計使用TI的TPS25200 eFuse IC,可以調整臨界電流,有範例電路可以參考 | | 微控制器 | 設計中 | 有範例電路可以抄 | | 逆變&增壓 | Fucked | 詳見這個[模組的筆記](https://hackmd.io/@hQIfXshaTm-PNpMf9hLycA/HyrM9EAs6)(趕工中) | | AC開關 | 完成個別測試 | | | 軟體 | 沿用去年 | 有些要新增的也是要等電路做好 | ## 檢討 1. 行動電源的藍光超明顯,下次記得貼黑色膠帶遮起來 2. 不要再RDAC+LDO 3. 記得在Pico電源輸入的地方加一個diode做reverse voltage protection ## 建議閱讀 1. 電路學 2. 電子學 3. 電磁學 以上可略,大家不要害怕😣 接下來這些比較偏應用,希望大家可以小讀一下比較好討論 1. [盛群科技-逆變器參考設計](https://www.holtek.com.tw/page/applications/detail/WAS-1997) (讀裡面的reference_design.pdf) 2. [Adafruit-冷光條簡介](https://learn.adafruit.com/el-wire/overview) 3. [如何閱讀Datasheet(1)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cXpeTxC3_A4) 4. [如何閱讀Datasheet(2)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1EXXqWweTkI) 5. [Raspberry Pi-RP2040 PCB設計](https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/rp2040/hardware-design-with-rp2040.pdf?_gl=1*1mnrloq*_ga*MzQxOTA0MzU0LjE3MDMzNTA0MDI.*_ga_22FD70LWDS*MTcwODE3NzU1Mi42LjEuMTcwODE3NzYwMy4wLjAuMA..)

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