SSH Key - HackMD

# SSH Key and Config Why use SSH keys? * Login to the remote server without entering a password Why use SSH config? * Simplify the SSH process with shorter commands :::success Let's open your terminal or PowerShell in your computer before we start. ::: ### 1. Create SSH key Use the following command to create SSH key. ``` ssh-keygen ``` After running the command, you'll see the following output: ``` Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/home/cial1/.ssh/id_rsa): ``` Press `Enter` to use the default path. ``` Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): ``` Press `Enter` again to ignore passphrase. ``` Enter same passphrase again: ``` Press `Enter` again to confirm ignoring passphrase. ![](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/B1mSclp-T.png) (The SSH Key generated by each individual is unique.) ### 2. Add public key to remote server First, we need to enter `.ssh` directory ``` cd ~/.ssh ``` If you use `ls` command, you will see `id_rsa.pub`, that is your SSH public key. Use the following command to copy your SSH public key to the remote server. ``` scp id_rsa.pub [username]@[ip address]:~/.ssh/authorized_keys ``` :::warning Make sure to replace `[username]` with your actual username and replace `[ip address]` with the server's actual ip address. For example : ``` scp id_rsa.pub F74114710@140.116.246.48:~/.ssh/authorized_keys ``` ::: After running this command, you may need to enter your password for server authentication. :::info Finally, you can SSH to the server without typing a password.🎉 ``` ssh [username]@[ip address] ``` ::: ### 3. Setup SSH config Create a file named `config` at `~/.ssh/config` ``` vim ~/.ssh/config ``` :::success If your computer runs on Windows and does not have `Vim` installed, you can use the following commands(in PowerShell): ``` New-Item ~/.ssh/config ~/.ssh/config ``` Then choose the editor you like. ::: Paste the following text inside the `config` file ``` HOST pd1 Hostname [ip address] User [username] ``` :::warning Make sure to replace `[ip address]` with the server's actual ip address and replace `[username]` with your actual username. For example: ``` HOST pd1 Hostname 140.116.246.48 User F74114710 ``` ::: Remember to save the file. ------------------------ Now, you can use the following command to connect to the server ``` ssh pd1 ``` ![](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/Hysx3L6-6.png) Congratulation!🎉