# Data Pipeline (section 5.1?) We collected on-chain data from two Uniswap v3, CoW, and Chainlink price subgraphs. To perform this task, we utilized the DataStreams python library, which is a subgraph query utility package. We performed merges using Polars, following the Apache Arrow standards. This standard is an emerging in-memory columnar analytics that can accelerate data load times, reduce memory usage, and speed up calculations. We restricted the data to WETH/USDC orders on CoW, Univ3 USDC/WETH .05%, and .3% fee pools, and for ETH/USD Chainlink price data. To obtain the Univ3 data, we queried the swaps schema for the USDC/WETH .05% and .3% fee pools. We merged the CoW trades data and Univ3 Swaps data for transactions at the same timestamp, adding decimal places for the amounts and calculating marginal swap execution prices for comparison. ### Misc Notes, needs to be organized - trade directionality - we label the trade direction WETH -> USDC when WETH is in the CoW buy column and the UniV3 amountOut column. Conversely, the USDC -> WETH direction is when USDC is in the CoW sell column and the Univ3 amountIn column. - the gas-adjusted price - we adjusted the execution price by adding the wei cost at each block if it is a WETH buy and subtracting if it is a WETH sell since the CoW solver execution price reflects the gas cost, whereas Univ3 and Chainlink do not. - query optimization - Univ3 pools have a lot more swaps so we filter based on CoW timestamps. However since Chain has a lot less frequency than CoW, we don't apply this filter or need it as an optimization step. - Forward Fill - In order to construct the final price dataframe, we create an index ranging from the CoW first and last trades. Then we forward fill Univ3, Chain, and CoW execution prices to the index to propagate the last valid observations forward through time. ### Sources DataStreams - https://github.com/Evan-Kim2028/DataStreams Polars - https://github.com/pola-rs/polars CoW Subgraph - https://thegraph.com/hosted-service/subgraph/cowprotocol/cow Uniswap V3 Messari Subgraph - https://api.thegraph.com/subgraphs/name/messari/uniswap-v3-ethereum Uniswap Labs V3 Subgraph - https://api.thegraph.com/subgraphs/name/uniswap/uniswap-v3 Chainlink Price Subgraph - https://api.thegraph.com/subgraphs/name/openpredict/chainlink-prices-subgraph Dune Solver Names Query link - https://dune.com/queries/1941061
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Baseline Protocol Simulations Analysis

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2/2/2024
COW tokenomics

Summary COW token was launched in January 2022 as a governance token for the CoW protocol (and made tradable a few months later) with an initial supply of 1 billion tokens. It has been distributed to various ecosystem participants and is regularly paid out (from the DAO treasury) to solvers who win batches. Currently, apart from its use as a governance token, COW does not appear to have any utility. COW Protocol Timeline GIP-13. (2022-01-06). Spin off CoWDAO from Gnosis and issue non-transferable vCOW governance tokens. https://forum.gnosis.io/t/gip-13-phase-2-cowdao-and-cow-token/2735 CIP-2. (2022-03-11). DAO will pay 100 COW tokens each batch to the winning solver. https://forum.cow.fi/t/cip-2-solver-rewards/488

5/9/2023
Surplus-capturing AMMs --- a feasibility study proposal

Surplus-capturing AMMs — a feasibility study

1/2/2023
Decentralized Options Clearing House on Qredo

Qredo Qredo combines a fast-finality blockchain (Layer 2) for digital asset tracking and settlement with a Consensus-Driven Multi-Party Computation (CD-MPC) network, and a secure, end-to-end encrypted decentralized conversation replication network (Layer 3) to handle everything from machine to machine communications to storing and providing an audit trail for regulated pre-trade communications. A distributed ledger is used to record the ownership of a Layer 1 crypto asset, which is represented by a synthetic token/wallet combination on the Qredo blockchain and maps one to one in value to the asset’s wallet on the Layer 1 blockchain. Decentralized RFQ Qredo’s Layer 2 / Layer 3 design includes an automated, decentralized RFQ bot that is built into the Version 2.0 protocol. Qredo’s decentralized RFQ (Requests for Quotes) system securely interacts with Market Makers and enables private pre-trade negotiations between a Trader User and another known counterparty to finalize a P2P transaction, enabling a ‘Bloomberg Chat’ like experience for all users. The RFQ bot enables a simple Uniswaplike Web3 interface to facilitate the exchange of Layer-1 assets (BTC / ETH) using Market Makers that have staked and bonded QRDO tokens with a Validator. Market Makers take part in the token rewards scheme and are incentivized to offer the best prices and market depth. Any trader on the Qredo network can create atomic swap transactions with any DEX that Qredo can access and a) arbitrage trade across multiple DEXs and b) completely offload the counterparty delivery and settlement risk to Qredo Loan Pools, for a fee. In other words, a trader can create atomic swaps between DEX’s on the same Layer-1 chains (ETH) or even between different Layer-1s (ETH to BSC, ETH to BTC, etc.) without being detected by the Dark Forest and have immediate settlement. Multi-leg strategies are also easily executed with this capability. The protocol charges traders 0.5 basis points of both maker’s and taker’s trading principal. If for example two traders were exchanging BTC for ETH, the protocol would obtain ETH and BTC. The protocol exchanges Layer 1 assets for QRDO tokens using the protocol’s Request For Quote mechanism which queries both Market Makers and DEXs on multiple networks.

10/11/2022
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