判斷式(If)
C++中的 if 語句是一種控制結構,用於根據條件執行特定的代碼區塊。if 語句允許程序根據不同的條件來選擇性地執行代碼,這是實現條件邏輯和決策的重要工具。
零、方塊
- 方塊位置:條件與迴圈
- 方塊圖片
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一、if 語句的基本結構
if 語句的基本語法如下:
- 條件:一個返回布爾值的表達式(即
true 或 false)。
- 代碼區塊:當條件為真時要執行的代碼,位於大括號
{} 中。如果只有一條語句,則可以省略大括號。
二、if 語句的用法
1. 單一 if 語句
這是最基本的形式,當條件為真時執行特定代碼。
- 方塊
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2. if-else 語句
使用 else 可以提供在條件為假時的替代行為。
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3. if-else if-else 結構
當需要檢查多個條件時,可以使用 else if 結構。
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三、使用邏輯運算符的條件
可以使用邏輯運算符來組合多個條件,如 &&(AND)、||(OR)和 !(NOT)。
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四、巢狀 if 語句
if 語句可以嵌套在其他 if 語句中,這樣可以對更複雜的邏輯進行判斷。
- 方塊

五、總結
if 語句用於條件判斷,根據條件的真假來執行相應的代碼。
- 可以使用
else 和 else if 擴展條件處理。
- 邏輯運算符可以用於組合多個條件。
if 語句可以巢狀使用,以實現更複雜的邏輯判斷。
六、if 語句的注意事項
- 確保條件表達式返回布爾值,避免不必要的錯誤。
- 儘量避免過多的巢狀結構,以提高代碼的可讀性。
- 使用適當的縮排和註釋來增加代碼的可維護性。
By Ericbob