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Slide: https://www.slideshare.net/hongweiqiu/learn-o11y-from-grafana-ecosystem Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MY2e3rjD1sA {%hackmd @coscup/S1EDiCRcn %} > 請從這裡開始 [TOC] o11y → Observability (可觀測性) 當微服務興起,比起單體性架構觀測更困難: - Metrics - Loggings - Tracing:微服務的呼叫會跳來跳去,追蹤鏈路 透過 Grafana 的開源專案來做 - 應用程式 - Collector 收集者 - 處理者/ 分析者 - 視覺化呈現 潛在的挑戰: - 部署/安裝 - 架構學習 - 配置檔案設定 - Tuning - 使用者介面 - Multi Tenancy - # Grafana Lab - profiling: 偵測 cpu, memory 的機制,可以知道系統受限於哪個 process ## metrics - Promethreus - Thanos - Cortex - VictoriaMetrics - grafana minir ### prometheus 的限制 Prometheus 主要簡單化,不是一個長期的解決方案 1. Local Disk Only 2. 沒被設計成 be scaled horizontally 3. production 環境通常會採用其他解決方案 但現在的架構幾乎都會支援 prometheus ### Grafana Mimir - 可以接上外部的 storage - HA - 可擴展性, 水平 + 垂直 (微服務架構) - 類似於 thanos, 收集多座 prometheus 的資訊整合處理 主要元件 - Ingestor :主要的瓶頸點 - compactor - Querier:讀資料,會有時間 (e.g 1天內的資料) - store-gateway:可水平擴展,加快查詢時間 - Distributor 目前的擴展方式是把上面全部都整合至 one container 內 (`mimir`),若要精打細算一點需要把比較需要資源的元件拉出來放 - 可根據 read/write 進行擴展 - write: Distributor -> Ingestor - read: query-Frontend -> Querier -> Store-Gateway - 使用 object storage ### Grafana Agent - 還在測試階段 (v0.35.0) - 個人經驗,雖然裡面包了 OTel Collector,但是蠻多原本的設置都不能修改,因此在敝團隊還是直接使用 OTel Collector 來接應用遙測資料,而不是一個 agent 打全部 - 可直接兼容 Prometheus CRD - 想要取代 prometheus 在架構上的位置 (收 metircs) ## Logging - EFK, ELF etc... - Fluentd, filebeat - Opensearch - Graylog - Vector - Grafana LoKi ### EFK 的限制 大部分的人不需要,大部分都只是需要搜尋 Logging Elaticsearch 維運困難,且強項是在分析等等的功能 - 建議收 Log 把 Elaticsearch 換成 Loki - 把 fluentd 改成 Promtail (更輕量的收集方案) - 個人認為 Elasticsearch 的問題是太貴了,尤其是在公雲環境 promtail (Grafana Agent) -> Grafana Loki -> Grafana Loki 跟 Mimir 架構都差不多,學一套管理所有 Grafana 產品 ## Tracing ### Grafana Tempo - 取代 Jaeger 收 Tracing 資料 - 架構上都跟上面一樣,只是 Read 有多一步驟 (來不及寫了,有請大大補充) - 收 Tracing 資料的同時也會產生一些 Metrics,可以在 Grafana 上面做對應 - 在 Log + Tracing 的部分,需要 Log 內部有寫入 traceID 相關的資訊才能做查詢 ## Profiling ### Grafana Phlare (archived since 2023-03-15) 收集 APP 的資料,查看某個 function 的火焰圖 - Grafana 買了 Pyroscope 之後就把 Phlare 關掉了 - 預計之後可以看到有相關的功能整合進 Grafnaa # Demo - 透過 grafana 全家餐,可以把 Tracing 跟 metics 做關聯 - 可查看瓶頸卡在哪個函式上面 demo 是透過 docker-compose 建立起來的系統,都可以在官方 github 上面找到: - [Github Repo](https://github.com/grafana/intro-to-mlt)

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