# 資訊
:::info
- Question: 143. Reorder List
- From: Leetcode Daily Challenge 2024.03.23
- Difficulty: M1edium
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# 目錄
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[TOC]
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# 題目
You are given the `head` of a singly linked-list. The list can be represented as:
> $L_0 → L_1 → … → L_{n-1} → L_n$
Reorder the list to be on the following form:
> $L_0 → L_n → L_1 → L_{n-1} → L_2 → L_{n-2} → …$
You **may not** modify the values in the list's nodes. Only nodes themselves may be changed.
> Example 1:
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- Input: head = [1,2,3,4]
- Output: [1,4,2,3]
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> Example 2:
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- Input: head = [1,2,3,4,5]
- Output: [1,5,2,4,3]
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> Constraints:
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- The number of nodes in the list is in the range $[1, 5 * 10^4]$.
- 1 <= `Node.val` <= 1000
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# 解法
## 概念
這題一樣是先用 two pointers 找到 middle node,然後紀錄 middle node 以後的 nodes,全部丟到 stack 裡面,之後一個一個 pop 出來 append 回 list 就會是 reorder 的順序了
所以程式碼第 11 到 16 行在找 middle node,第 18 到 24 行在把後半部的 nodes 丟到 stack 裡面,而有個小細節是在 stack 裡面的 nodes `next` 都會是空的,這是因為等等處理 `next` 的問題比較簡單,畢竟在 stack 裡面的 nodes 都要連回前半部的 nodes,這件事情我在後面一定會做,所以希望這邊不要亂只到我不想要的地方
reorder 的部分也很容易,每一輪都去 stack pop 一個 element 回來連上去就好,這就是程式碼第 26 到 34 行在做的事情
第 35 到 36 行是這次的重點,會因為 list 長度奇偶影響這一部執行與否,但結果都是我要讓最後一個 element 的 `next` 是 None,這樣 list 才不會變成 cycle,也才是正確的 list
## 程式碼
```python=
# Definition for singly-linked list.
# class ListNode:
# def __init__(self, val=0, next=None):
# self.val = val
# self.next = next
class Solution:
def reorderList(self, head: Optional[ListNode]) -> None:
"""
Do not return anything, modify head in-place instead.
"""
# Get the middle of list ( -> slow )
fast = head
slow = head
while fast and fast.next:
fast = fast.next.next
slow = slow.next
# Push last half into stack
stack = []
while slow:
tmp = slow.next
slow.next = None
stack.append(slow)
slow = tmp
# Reorder the list
slow = head # Since there is no use in slow, I'll use slow as a pointer instead of renew another pointer
bk = head
while stack:
bk = slow.next
slow.next = stack.pop()
slow = slow.next
slow.next = bk
slow = slow.next
if slow:
slow.next = None
```
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# 複雜度
## 時間複雜度
使用 two pointers 找到 middle nodes 花了 $O(n)$,push 到 stack 花了 $O(\frac{n}{2})$,最後 reorder 花了 $O(n)$,整體是 $O(n)$

## 空間複雜度
空間部分因為沒有額外花的記憶體,只有一些小參數而已,所以會是 $O(1)$
