---
tags: explainers
description: Calculating the proportion of Eth2 rewards from attesting and validating
image: https://benjaminion.xyz/f/favicon-96x96.png
---

# Ratio of proposer to attester rewards

Notation:
- $N$ validators total
- $B$ is the [base reward](https://benjaminion.xyz/eth2-annotated-spec/phase0/beacon-chain/#get_base_reward). Assume all validators have the same `EFFECTIVE_BALANCE`

### Rewards for attesting

Made up of four components:
- $B$ for getting the correct source
- $B$ for getting the correct target
- $B$ for getting the correct head
- $\frac{7}{8}B$ for being optimally included. This is based on `PROPOSER_REWARD_QUOTIENT` being 8, and is calculated in [`get_inclusion_delay_deltas()`](https://benjaminion.xyz/eth2-annotated-spec/phase0/beacon-chain/#get_inclusion_delay_deltas)

Total max reward per attestation (assuming participation rate of 100%) is thus $\frac{31}{8}B$.

The frequency of attestations is once per 32 slots, so the expected attestation reward per slot is,

$$\frac{1}{32}\cdot\frac{31}{8}B = \frac{31}{256}B$$

### Rewards for proposing

Each attestation included comes with a reward of $\frac{1}{8}B$ (see [`get_proposer_reward()`](https://benjaminion.xyz/eth2-annotated-spec/phase0/beacon-chain/#get_proposer_reward) and [`get_inclusion_delay_deltas()`](https://benjaminion.xyz/eth2-annotated-spec/phase0/beacon-chain/#get_inclusion_delay_deltas))

The expected number of attestations per block is $\frac{N}{32}$. The probability of proposing a block in any slot is $\frac{1}{N}$.

Thus, the expected proposer reward per slot is,

$$\frac{N}{32}\cdot\frac{1}{N}\cdot\frac{1}{8}B = \frac{B}{256}$$

Thus $\frac{1}{32}$ of total rewards accrue from proposing blocks.