ASTRO Camp 7th
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    # 0415 數位產品設計 ###### tags: `講座` ## 要做什麼產品? - 觀察自己喜歡的產品 ### 如何抓重點? 1. 將一個簡單的功能做好,再發展出其他延伸功能 ### 範例 #### 打字對戰遊戲 發想 ↓ 核心功能? ↓ 如何差異化? → 對戰模式 如何更有趣? → 遊戲化 什麼技術可以挑戰? → WebSocket ↓ Highlight ↓ 延伸功能 尋找缺少的 --- #### 外送平台 決定題目 ↓ 使用角色 站方 平台方 外送員 使用者 ↓ 功能 審核店家/外送員 行銷活動 平台維護 店家資訊編輯 上下架產品 ↓ 核心功能 ↓ 開發優先順序 ![](https://i.imgur.com/nJQ16VZ.png) --- ### 建立使用者故事 - 規劃使用者或要解決的問題 - 大架構:==身為(使用者),我想要(需求),以便我可以(價值/達到什麼目的)== - 決定角色 - 針對功能先做大分類 - 針對不同族群再細分 => 建立人物誌(會遇到的困難) - 思考需求與期望 - 思考相對應功能 - 制定相對應的規格(檔案格式、關鍵字、相關基準) - 思考功能開發先後順序 - 誰需要?需要什麼功能?為什麼需要這個功能?(他能夠幫助使用者嗎?) - 盡量描寫最後可被驗收的範圍 - 建立兩週內可以開發的項目 #### 編寫重點 * 需求具體明確、範圍合適(拆分小範圍)、對使用者或客戶有價值 * 不要抽象、不明確的需求,導致開發者無法有驗收基準 * 不要範圍過大 * 錯誤 -> 我想要一個商城網站 * 較精準 -> 想要上下架的功能、可以看到照片的平台 * 對使用者或客戶沒價值 * 錯誤:我想要前端使用React、只能使用jpg * 思考對使用者是否真的有價值 * 思考功能是否有替代方案 --- ## Functional Map 功能地圖 ### 定義功能與資料間的關係 - 找出功能需要哪些資料來源? - 誰負責產出這些資料?(取用哪邊的API或是誰提供?) - 沒有的資料,該如何解決?(取消?或替代方案?) * 直接列出該功能所需: * 細部功能 * 所需資料 ![](https://i.imgur.com/W7wrTMw.png) ![](https://i.imgur.com/WSRVbKf.png) ## Flow Chart 功能流程 ### 什麼時候需要畫? - 資料狀態變更的時候、複雜判斷 - 例如:註冊/登入流程、加入購物車、資料狀態等 - 什麼時候觸發?如何觸發?觸發後會有什麼回饋? * 例: * 課程上架 * 結帳流程 * 活動報名 * 商品購買流程 ![](https://i.imgur.com/dhwVzVv.png) - 方形:動作、狀態 - 菱形:判斷 - 橢圓形:起點、終點 - 功能流程圖表通常沒有標準答案,會多人去畫,再一起檢視和討論 ![](https://i.imgur.com/GmU2Sfr.jpg =500x) ![](https://i.imgur.com/FV3uiuX.png =500x) ![](https://i.imgur.com/FvfVSte.png) ## UI Flow 網路架構 主要功能在頁面間的安排 * 將前面的功能已頁面來進行排列 * 細節功能可以不用寫進UI Flow內 * UI Flow 確認的是主要功能在頁面間的安排 * [講師範例](https://whimsical.com/ui-flow-MeazUCwf6zAEUVjxedwMYZ) #### ⚠️ 如果是要復刻某個網頁,務必「==畫出網站架構==」,確認哪些頁面、流程是你們的主力開發。擁有共同目標,挑出要刻的功能。 需求太過模糊? => 需要具體些 功能很有趣? => 再去研究 可以先花一點時間大概整理,再隨開發流程適時回頭修改 發想期盡量發想,可能可以找出不同於復刻網站的功能 ### * 統整步驟: 1. 核心功能 - Functional Map 2. 功能流程 - Flow Chart 3. 網站架構 - UI Flow --- ## Wireframe 線框稿 ![](https://i.imgur.com/ksAWtGo.jpg =300x) 1. 確認功能在頁面上的位置 2. 檢視還有哪些觸發規則、狀態需要考慮 * [講師範例](https://whimsical.com/wireframe-5yLDTQN7zi3SRQFMDJqe8t) ## 觸發時的回饋 1. 分析網頁上有哪些觸發行為 2. 觸發會造成什麼樣的結果(回饋)或行為? 3. ==點擊按鈕==時會跳出什麼訊息?會跳轉到哪一頁或區塊? 4. ==行為執行成功或失敗==時會有什麼樣的回饋?又會是以什麼樣的形式呈現? ### 手動觸發 1. 單一動作(配合手勢、按鈕 e.g.點擊或滑動) 2. 兩種狀態(開或關) 3. 多種狀態(一組按鈕or鍵盤) 4. 範圍狀態(音量、裁切範圍) ### 系統觸發 1. 錯誤(提示使用者如何進行下一步) 2. 新載入資料 ( API資料、軟體更新、地理位置、連結網路後的裝置或應用程式資料等 ) 3. 連續觸發(定期更新、定期追蹤地理位置、時間或狀態) 4. 其他使用者(其他使用者做了某件事觸發) ### 資料狀態 資料載入時會有哪些狀態: 1. ==理想狀態==:理想上資料呈現的頁面 2. 空白狀態:資料未載入時的狀態 3. ==極限狀態==:當資料超過或小於設定時會呈現的狀態 4. ==錯誤狀態==:因各種原因(人為或系統等)造成出錯時的狀態 5. 局部狀態:預先導覽的狀態(例:Google搜尋時顯示、還沒進到書籍本頁的局部畫面) 6. 載入狀態:當資料載入時的狀態 ## 如何配色 1. 選主色(建議只選一種) 2. 選輔色(較常使用灰階色) 3. 套用 ![範例](https://i.imgur.com/LT7lhsd.jpg =500x) * [範例:Line Pay](https://pay.line.me/portal/tw/main) ### 使用上 - 讓使用者專注在使用上,不要讓太多顏色干擾使用者 - 在關鍵按鈕上用主色 - 在其他地方用輔色 - 想炫砲畫面的話就不要選擇單一色彩 ### 什麼資訊對使用者來說是重要的? - 關鍵按鈕 - 主要功能 - 實心按鈕 vs 次要功能 - 空心或反灰按鈕 - 登入 vs. 註冊 - 如果獲取新使用者是重要的 => 註冊要用實心強調 - 儲存 vs. 刪除 - 儲存通常會用實心,刪除會用空心 + 警告色 - 新增文件 vs. 建立加密文件 ![](https://i.imgur.com/cdG36Gd.png) - 分析 - 功能 - 當下情境 - 當下需求 - 功能的層級 - icon 的意義要清楚,或是再加文字補充 - 語言要統一,不要中英文交錯 - 狀態要明確 - 追蹤 vs 已追蹤 - 輸入反饋須即時顯示 * 可參考:[Ant Design](https://ant.design/docs/spec/data-entry-cn) * [網站佈景主題參考](https://themeforest.net/category/site-templates) * [網站佈景主題參考](https://coderthemes.com/hyper/saas/dashboard-analytics.html) * [網站佈景主題參考](https://themes.getbootstrap.com/) ## 超連結 - [課程大綱](https://www.notion.so/7th-fded1e278f694ff2a32a852e72027ad4) - [Ant Design](https://ant.design/index-cn) - [網站佈景主題參考](https://themeforest.net/category/site-templates) - [Dastone](https://mannatthemes.com/dastone-1/default/demo-navy.html) - [設計素材 / 網站設計 / 資源工具分享](https://hackmd.io/@debbylin/Sygn7Pz2w)

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