---
title: personality-psych-AMERTA-4
tags: psikologi-kepribadian
description: materi kuliah Psikologi Kepribadian minggu 4
---

## Personality Psychology
### The Inner Psychic Approach
### Jung's Analytical Psychoanalysis

<!-- Put the link to this slide here so people can follow -->
**Rizqy Amelia Zein**
Department of Personality and Social Psychology
course website: https://s.id/amerta
google classroom: cyhrwcw

---

<div style="text-align: left">

My life is a story of ==the self-realization of the unconscious==. Everything in the unconscious ==seeks outward manifestation==, and the personality too desires to evolve out of its unconscious conditions.

-- Carl Jung

</div>


---

## Psychic Energy :lightning:

<div style="text-align: left">

* Unlike Freud, Jung argued that ***libido*** was not primarily sexual, but it was a broad, undifferentiated life energy.
* ***Libido*** in Jung's system:
- As a diffuse, general energy.
- A narrower, inner psychic energy that fuels the formation of personality, which he later named ==***psyche***==
- Jung used ***psyche*** and personality interchangeably

</div>

---

### The Principle of Psychic Energy :one:

<div style="text-align: left">

* Jung drew ideas from physics to explain the functioning of psychic energy, which are;
* ***The principle of opposites*** :arrow_right: The existence of ==opposites or polarities== in physical energy in the universe, such as heat versus cold.
- ==Every wish or feeling has its opposite==
- The sharper the conflict between polarities, the greater will be the energy produced

</div>

---

### The Principle of Psychic Energy :two:

<div style="text-align: left">

* ***The principle of equivalence*** :arrow_right: If the psychic value in a particular area weakens or disappears, that ==energy is transferred elsewhere== in the psyche
* if we lose interest in a person, a hobby, or a field of study, the psychic energy formerly invested in that area is ==shifted to a new one==
* The psychic energy used for ==conscious activities== while we are awake is ==shifted to dreams== when we are asleep

</div>

---

### The Principle of Psychic Energy :three:

<div style="text-align: left">

* ***The entropy principle*** :arrow_right: A tendency toward ==maintaining a balance== or equilibrium in the personality
* If two desires ==differ greatly== in their psychic energy, it will ==flow== from ==the more strongly held== to ==the weaker==
* But, if ==perfect balance were attained==, then the personality would have ==no psychic energy== as ***==the opposition principle==*** requires conflict for psychic energy to be produced

</div>

---

## Aspects of Personality :person_in_lotus_position:

<div style="text-align: left">

Jung believed that the total personality, or psyche, is composed of ==***several distinct systems or aspects***== that can influence one another.

</div>


---

## :one: The Ego

<div style="text-align: left">

* The ego is the ==center of consciousness==, the part of the psyche concerned with ==perceiving==, ==thinking==, ==feeling==, and ==remembering==.
* It is ==our awareness of ourselves== and is responsible for carrying out all the normal everyday activities of waking life.
* The ego acts in ==a selective way==, admitting into conscious awareness ==only a portion of the stimuli== to which we are exposed.

</div>

---

### :two: The Attitudes: Extro and Introversion

<div style="text-align: left">

* Much of our conscious perception of our environment is determined by ==the opposing mental attitudes==
* ***==Extraversion==*** :arrow_right: An attitude of the psyche characterized by an orientation toward ==the external world and other people==
* ***==Introversion==*** :arrow_right: An attitude of the psyche characterized by an orientation toward ==one’s own thoughts and feelings==

</div>

---


---

### :three: Psychological Functions

<div style="text-align: left">

* ...==opposing ways of perceiving== both the external real world and our subjective inner world
* Jung posited ==four functions of the psyche==: sensing, intuiting, thinking, and feeling
* ***==Sensing and intuiting==*** are grouped together as nonrational functions because they do not use the processes of reason
* ==***Thinking and feeling***== are rational functions that involve making judgments and evaluations about our experiences

</div>

---

### :four: Psychological Types

Jung proposed eight psychological types, based on the interactions of the two attitudes and four functions


---

### :five: Personal vs Collective Unconscious

<div style="text-align: left">

* ***==Personal unconscious==*** :arrow_right: a reservoir of material that was once conscious but has been ==forgotten or suppressed== because it was ==trivial or disturbing==
- It is similar to Freud’s concept of the preconscious

</div>

---

### :five: Personal vs Collective Unconscious

<div style="text-align: left">

* ***==Collective unconscious==*** :arrow_right: The deepest level of the psyche containing the ==accumulation of inherited experiences== of human and pre-human species
- In his studies of ancient cultures, both mythical and real, Jung discovered what he believed to be ==common themes and symbols== that appeared in ==diverse parts of the world==

</div>

---

### :six: Complexes

<div style="text-align: left">

* A complex is ==a core or pattern of emotions, memories, perceptions, and wishes== organized around ==a common theme==
* For example, some people have a complex about ==power or status==, they are preoccupied with that theme to the point where it influences behavior
- They might try ==to become powerful== by running for elective office

</div>

---

### :seven: Archetypes

<div style="text-align: left">

* The ancient experiences (or ***primordial images***) contained in the collective unconscious are manifested by recurring themes or patterns
* ***The persona*** :arrow_right: ==a mask, a public face== we wear to present ourselves as someone different from who we really are
- It can be harmful if we come to believe that it reflects our true nature :arrow_right: ==inflation of the persona==

</div>

---

### :seven: Archetypes

<div style="text-align: left">

* ***==The anima and animus==*** :arrow_right: an archetypes refer to Jung’s recognition that humans are essentially ==bisexual==
- The psyche of the ==woman contains masculine== aspects (the animus archetype), and the psyche of the ==man contains feminine== aspects (the anima archetype)

</div>

---


---

### :seven: Archetypes

<div style="text-align: left">

* ***The shadow*** :arrow_right: The ==most powerful== archetype has ==the sinister and mysterious== name of shadow, which contains ==the basic, primitive animal instincts==
- We must at all times restrain, overcome, and defend against these primitive impulses
- The shadow is the source of evil, but it is also ==the source of vitality==, ==spontaneity==, ==creativity==, and ==emotion==

</div>

---

### :seven: Archetypes

<div style="text-align: left">

* ***The self*** :arrow_right: represents ==the unity, integration, and harmony== of the total personality
- The striving toward that wholeness is the ultimate goal of life.
* This archetype involves ==bringing together== and balancing all parts of the personality
* The self shifts from the ego to a point of equilibrium ==midway between== the opposing forces of ==the conscious and the unconscious==

</div>

---


---

## Personality Development :family:


---

## Individuation :100:

<div style="text-align: left">

* ..becoming ==an individual, fulfilling== one’s capacities, and ==developing one’s self==
* There are ==several stages== through which we must proceed before we can reach Jung’s ideal of self-fulfillment

</div>

---

## Individuation :100:

<div style="text-align: left">

* ***Confront the unconscious*** :arrow_right: the unconscious forces ==must be assimilated and balanced== with the conscious
* ***Dethrone the persona*** :arrow_right: we must come to ==accept the genuine self== that the persona has been covering

</div>

---

## Individuation :100:

<div style="text-align: left">

* ***Accept our dark side*** :arrow_right: A greater awareness of ==both the destructive and the constructive aspects== of the shadow will give the personality a deeper and fuller dimension, because the shadow’s tendencies bring zest, spontaneity, and vitality to life
* ***Accept our anima and animus*** :arrow_right: Accepting ==the emotional qualities of both sexes== opens new sources of creativity and serves as the final release from parental influences

</div>

---

## Individuation :100:

<div style="text-align: left">

* ***Transcend*** :arrow_right: an ==innate== tendency ==toward unity or wholeness== in the personality, uniting all the opposing aspects within the psyche
- Environmental factors, such as an unsatisfactory marriage or a frustrating job, can inhibit the process of transcendence and prevent the full achievement of the self.

</div>

---

### Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) :1234:

<div style="text-align: left">

* A personality assessment related to Jung’s personality theory is the MBTI, developed in the 1920s by Katharine Cook Briggs and Isabel Briggs Myers
* MBTI is ==the most popular and most frequently used personality test== ever devised and is taken by more than two million people every year for hiring and promotion decisions
* But...

</div>

---

### Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) :1234:

<div style="text-align: left">

* Neither Isabel nor Katharine Briggs had [formal trainings](https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-06614-8) in Psychology or Psychometrics
* MBTI is, psychometrically speaking, [questionable](https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12434)
- It does not measure personality (not sure what it measures) :arrow_right: validity
- It does not give people consistent result :arrow_right: reliability
* It's [excessively commercial](https://www.vice.com/en_ca/article/bjv8y5/the-myers-briggs-personality-test-bullshit)

</div>

---

### Thank you! :tada:

You can find me on:

- [My personal website](https://rameliaz.github.io/)
- [Twitter](https://twitter.com/ameliazein)
- [..or email](mailto:[e-mail])