HackMD
Electronic passports coverage
- 172 countries have them (December 2023) Source
- In the EU, the chip has been mandatory since 2004. Source
- All EU and northern american countries have them and publish the certificates Source: table of electronic passport coverage by country (December 2023)
- French, German, Italian, Schengen, Swiss and Spanish CSCA master lists are published by each of these respective countries. Source
- Almost all EU identity cards and residence permit have NFC Source, Source
- Support for chip auth and active auth here
- Hard to get access to chip data samples through the ICAO or PRADO
- Only governments, reader manufacturer and reference producers can get specimen passports. Source slide 14
- Other relevant specs
In 2021, ICAO (the International Civil Aviation Organization, which standardises passports) released an updated standard, introducing LDS2 (Logical Data Structure 2). This is a new section of the passport chip that allows the storage of further data, including travel history, visa records, and additional biometric data. LDS2 completely changes what a passport is. Current passports are read-only, but with LDS2, they become writable. Passport stamps and visas become digital. Passports go from being an identification document to a detailed record of your movements. Source
2017 findings on E-Passport validation: A practical
experience
- In 2017, 34% of all passports presented at border are e-passports
- 1 in 3 docs can't be verified for authenticity
- Lists a few defects from some countries
2016 Germany Advanced Security Mechanisms for Machine
Readable Travel Documents and eIDAS Token
https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/132743224.pdf
More complete list of possible sig algs from jmrtd here.
Coverage by country
- France: ~50%
- Germany: ~41%
- UK: ~76%
- US: ~50%
- Canada: ~70%
- China: ~10%?
- India: ~7%
- Japan: ~17%
730M e-passports total: https://www.nxp.com/docs/en/white-paper/the-future-of-epassports-and-border-crossings-whitepaper.pdf
Signature algorithms
- Signature algorithms in the specs page 14-17
- Non-exhaustive list of signature algorithms used here
- The image was uploaded to a note which you don't have access to
- The note which the image was originally uploaded to has been deleted
- The image was uploaded to a note which you don't have access to
- The note which the image was originally uploaded to has been deleted
