---
title: Class 程式碼 - 資訊之芽 2023 Python 語法班
description: Sean 韋詠祥 / 2023-05-07 14:20
---
# Class 程式碼
> 資訊之芽 2023 Python 語法班
> Author: Sean 韋詠祥
> Slide: https://hackmd.io/@Sean64/py-class
逐個複製太麻煩了，整理出來方便使用
[ToC]
## 如果我們想要紀錄....
```python
speaker1_name = 'Sean Wei'
speaker1_birthday = 'June'
speaker1_skills = ['Cybersecurity', 'Diving']
speaker2_name = 'William Mou'
speaker2_birthday = 'October'
speaker2_skills = ['Photography', 'Supercomputing']
speaker3_name = 'Sirius Koan'
speaker3_birthday = 'July'
speaker3_skills = ['Softball', 'Mail']
```
### 透過 dict 化簡
```python
speaker1 = {
'name': 'Sean Wei',
'birthday': 'June',
'skills': ['Cybersecurity', 'Diving']
}
speaker2 = {
'name': 'William Mou',
'birthday': 'October',
'skills': ['Photography', 'Supercomputing']
}
speaker3 = {
'name': 'Sirius Koan',
'birthday': 'July',
'skills': ['Softball', 'Mail']
}
```
---
## 如何使用 Class
```python
class Speaker:
pass
speaker1.name = 'Sean Wei'
speaker1.birthday = 'June'
speaker1.skills = ['Cybersecurity', 'Diving']
speaker2.name = 'William Mou'
speaker2.birthday = 'October'
speaker2.skills = ['Photography', 'Supercomputing']
speaker3.name = 'Sirius Koan'
speaker3.birthday = 'July'
speaker3.skills = ['Softball', 'Mail']
```
### 正確的寫法
```python
class Speaker:
def __init__(self, name, birthday, skills):
self.name = name
self.birthday = birthday
self.skills = skills
speaker1 = Speaker('Sean Wei', 'June',
['Cybersecurity', 'Diving'])
speaker2 = Speaker('William Mou', 'October',
['Photography', 'Supercomputing'])
speaker3 = Speaker('Sirius Koan', 'July',
['Softball', 'Mail'])
```
### 課堂練習（一）
```python
class Speaker:
def __init__(self, name, birthday, skills):
self.name = name
self.birthday = birthday
self.skills = skills
def learn(self, teacher):
print(f'{self=}, {self.skills=}')
print(f'{teacher=}, {teacher.skills=}')
# Write your code here
speaker1 = Speaker('Sean Wei', 'June', ['Cybersecurity', 'Diving'])
speaker2 = Speaker('William Mou', 'October', ['Photography', 'Supercomputing'])
speaker3 = Speaker('Sirius Koan', 'July', ['Softball', 'Mail'])
speaker1.learn(speaker2)
```
---
## 繼承
```python
class Student:
def __init__(self, name, age, student_id):
self.name = name
self.age = age
self.student_id = student_id
def say_hi():
print(f'Hello, I am {name}!')
class Employee:
def __init__(self, name, age, employee_id):
self.name = name
self.age = age
self.employee_id = employee_id
def say_hi():
print(f'Hello, I am {name}!')
```
### 抽取重複部分
```python
class Person:
def __init__(self, name, age):
self.name = name
self.age = age
def say_hi():
print(f'Hello, I am {name}!')
class Student(Person):
def __init__(self, name, age, student_id):
super().__init__(name, age)
self.student_id = student_id
class Employee(Person):
def __init__(self, name, age, employee_id):
super().__init__(name, age)
self.employee_id = employee_id
```
### 多層繼承的 super()
```python
class First:
def __init__(self):
print('Initializing first class')
# super().__init__() # no need
class Second(First):
def __init__(self):
print('Initializing second class')
super().__init__()
class Third(Second):
def __init__(self):
print('Initializing third class')
super().__init__()
foo = Third()
```
### 對於繼承多個類別的 super() 呢？
```python
class Foo:
def __init__(self):
print('Initializing foo class')
super().__init__() # note here
class Bar:
def __init__(self):
print('Initializing bar class')
# super().__init__() # no need
class Test(Foo, Bar):
def __init__(self):
print('Initializing test class')
super().__init__()
baz = Test()
```
---
## attribute 層級比較
```python
class Phone:
pwd = '0000'
foo = Phone()
bar = Phone()
print(f'{Phone.pwd=}, {foo.pwd=}, {bar.pwd=}')
```
---
## 為什麼我的 list 不乖
```python
class Person:
skills = []
def learn(self, skill):
self.skills.append(skill)
sean = Person()
sean.learn('Cybersecurity')
sean.learn('Diving')
print(f'{sean.skills=}')
mou = Person()
mou.learn('Photography')
mou.learn('Supercomputing')
print(f'{mou.skills=}')
```
### 正確寫法
```python
class Person:
def __init__(self):
# creates a new empty list for each person
self.skills = []
def learn(self, skill):
self.skills.append(skill)
sean = Person()
sean.learn('Cybersecurity')
sean.learn('Diving')
print(f'{sean.skills=}')
mou = Person()
mou.learn('Photography')
mou.learn('Supercomputing')
print(f'{mou.skills=}')
```
---
## 魔術方法
```python
class Food:
def __init__(self, price, calorie):
self.price = price # Unit: NTD
self.calorie = calorie # Unit: kcal
chicken_nuggets = Food(65, 260)
french_fries = Food(65, 530)
oreo_flurry = Food(55, 360)
corn_soup = Food(40, 90)
```
### 印出價格、熱量
```python
class Food:
def __init__(self, price, calorie):
self.price = price # Unit: NTD
self.calorie = calorie # Unit: kcal
def __str__(self):
return 'price and calorie is xxx' # 小練習
def __add__(self, other):
price = 0 # 請完成
calorie = 0 # 請完成
mixture = Food(price, calorie)
return mixture
chicken_nuggets = Food(65, 260)
french_fries = Food(65, 530)
oreo_flurry = Food(55, 360)
corn_soup = Food(40, 90)
oreo_nuggets = oreo_flurry + chicken_nuggets
print(oreo_nuggets)
# price = 120 NTD, calorie = 620 kcal
```
### 課堂練習（二）
```python
class Food:
# ...
def __mul__(self, num):
pass # 計算 num 份食物的價格、熱量
def __truediv__(self, num):
pass # 平分給 num 個人後每份長怎樣
def __eq__(self, other):
pass # 比較「💲價格」是否相同，暫時無視熱量
def __ne__(self, other):
pass # (optional) 比較「💲價格」是否不同
def __gt__(self, other):
pass # 比較「🔥熱量」是否更高
def __lt__(self, other):
pass # (optional) 比較「🔥熱量」是否更低
def __ge__(self, other):
pass # (optional) 比較「🔥熱量」是否更高或相同
def __le__(self, other):
pass # (optional) 比較「🔥熱量」是否更低或相同
chicken_nuggets = Food(65, 260)
french_fries = Food(65, 530)
oreo_flurry = Food(55, 360)
corn_soup = Food(40, 90)
print(oreo_flurry * 5) # 五杯冰炫風多少錢
print(chicken_nuggets / 6) # 每塊麥克雞塊熱量多高
print(french_fries + corn_soup > oreo_flurry) # 薯條 + 玉米濃湯 > 冰炫風
```
---
結束！
感謝各位 owo//
BTW, SITCON 夏令營準備要開始報名了
https://www.instagram.com/p/Crs2yM3hlrW/
歡迎揪校內有興趣的同學抱團參加
回去有空可以看看上一屆的影片
{%youtube oAtiOrpj6DQ %}
> 資訊之芽 2023 Python 語法班
> Author: Sean 韋詠祥
> Slide: https://hackmd.io/@Sean64/py-class
<style>
.markdown-body hr {
background-color: #77B55A;
}
</style>
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